注意,设置中:
代码详解:
1、 char* outUrl = "rtmp://localhost/live/livestream";
这个地址,是AMS(Adeobe Media Server)的默认地址。
2、
//注册所有的编解码器
avcodec_register_all();
//注册所有的封装器
av_register_all();
//注册所有网络协议
avformat_network_init();
//打开摄像头
VideoCapture cam;
namedWindow("video");
Mat frame;
//像素格式转换上下文
SwsContext* vsc = NULL;
//输出的数据结构
AVFrame* yuv = NULL;
//编码器上下文
AVCodecContext* vc = NULL;
//rtmp flv 封装器
AVFormatContext* ic = NULL;
声明好多变量,是OpenCV & MMPEAG 正常运行所需要的。
3、
try {
/// 1. Open Cam
// 这里默认打开的是摄像头0,并获得摄像头参数
cam.open(0);
if (!cam.isOpened()) {
throw exception("cam open failed");
}
cout << "cam open sucess"<< endl;
int inWidth = cam.get(CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH);
int inHeight = cam.get(CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT);
int fps = cam.get(CAP_PROP_FPS);
if (fps == 0) {
fps = 25;
}
cout << fps<< endl;
/// 2. 初始化 SwsContext(转换格式上下文)
vsc = sws_getCachedContext(vsc,
inWidth, inHeight, AV_PIX_FMT_BGR24,
inWidth, inHeight, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P,
SWS_BICUBIC,
0, 0, 0
);
if (!vsc) {
throw exception("sws_getCachedContext failed");
}
///3.初始化输出的数据结构
yuv = av_frame_alloc();
yuv->format = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
yuv->width = inWidth;
yuv->height = inHeight;
yuv->pts = 0;
//分配 YUV 空间
int ret = av_frame_get_buffer(yuv, 32);
if (ret != 0) {
char buf[1024] = { 0 };
av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
throw exception(buf);
}
///4. 初始化编码器上下文
//a. 找到编码器,这里全部基于MMPEAG
AVCodec* codec = avcodec_find_encoder(AV_CODEC_ID_H264);
if (!codec) {
throw exception("Can't find H.264 encoder");
}
//b. 创建编码器上下文
vc = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
if (!vc) {
throw exception("avcodec_alloc_context3 failed");
}
//c. 配置编码器参数
vc->flags |= AV_CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
vc->codec_id = codec->id;
vc->thread_count = 8;
vc->bit_rate = 50 * 1024 * 8; //video size(bits) per second: 50kByte
vc->width = inWidth;
vc->height = inHeight;
vc->time_base = { 1,fps };//used to calculate pts: pts*time_base = second
vc->framerate = { fps,1 };
vc->gop_size = 50;// for how many frames there is a I frame(关键帧)
vc->max_b_frames = 0;//if these is no B frames, the orders of both decoding and presentation will be the same
vc->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
//d. 打开编码器上下文(Open encodder context)
ret = avcodec_open2(vc, 0, 0);
if (ret != 0) {
char buf[1024] = { 0 };
av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
throw exception(buf);
}
cout << "avcodec_open2 successed!"<< endl;
///5. 输出封装器和频流配置
//a. Create context for MUX
ret = avformat_alloc_output_context2(&ic, 0, "flv", outUrl);
if (ret != 0) {
char buf[1024] = { 0 };
av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
throw exception(buf);
}
//b. Add video stream
AVStream* vs = avformat_new_stream(ic, NULL);
if (!vs) {
throw exception("avformat_new_stream failed");
}
vs->codecpar->codec_tag = 0;
// copy parameter from Encoder to MUX
avcodec_parameters_from_context(vs->codecpar, vc);
av_dump_format(ic, 0, outUrl, 1);
///6. Open rtmp output IO(打开输出IO)
ret = avio_open(&ic->pb, outUrl, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE);
if (ret != 0) {
char buf[1024] = { 0 };
av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
throw exception(buf);
}
//write mux header
ret = avformat_write_header(ic, NULL); // after this operation the stream's time_base will also be changed, not vc->time_base anymore
if (ret != 0) {
char buf[1024] = { 0 };
av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
throw exception(buf);
}
AVPacket pack;
memset(&pack, 0, sizeof(pack));
int vpts = 0;
//住循环,读入->显示->转码
for (;;) {
///从cam中读取书
if (!cam.grab()) {
continue;
}
if (!cam.retrieve(frame)) {
continue;
}
imshow("video", frame);
waitKey(1);
/// convert RGB to YUV
// Input data structure--RGB
uint8_t* indata[AV_NUM_DATA_POINTERS] = { 0 };//srcStride
indata[0] = frame.data;
int inlinesize[AV_NUM_DATA_POINTERS] = { 0 };//srcSlice
//一行(宽)数据的字节数
inlinesize[0] = frame.cols * frame.elemSize();
int h = sws_scale(vsc, indata, inlinesize, 0, frame.rows,
yuv->data, yuv->linesize);
if (h <= 0) {
continue;
}
///Mux YUV to flv h.264
yuv->pts = vpts;
vpts++;
ret = avcodec_send_frame(vc, yuv);
if (ret != 0) {
continue;
}
ret = avcodec_receive_packet(vc, &pack);
if (ret != 0 || pack.size > 0) {
cout << '*' <<pack.size<< flush;
}
else {
continue;
}
///推流
pack.pts = av_rescale_q(pack.pts, vc->time_base, vs->time_base);
pack.dts = av_rescale_q(pack.dts, vc->time_base, vs->time_base);
ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(ic, &pack);
if (ret == 0) {
cout << '#'<< flush;
}
}
}
catch (exception &ex) {
if (cam.isOpened())
cam.release();
if (vsc) {
sws_freeContext(vsc);
vsc = NULL;
}
if (vc) {
avio_closep(&ic->pb);
avcodec_free_context(&vc);
}
cerr << ex.what() << endl;
}
getchar();
在一段代码中解决所有问题,可能不是一个很好的习惯,我需要做一些改变。
这里对代码进行了封装,使得可以简化成目前情况:
#include <opencv2/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/imgcodecs.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include "XMediaEncode.h"
#include "XRtmp.h"
extern "C"
{
#include <libswscale/swscale.h>
#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
}
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
//初始化像素格式上下文
void test004()
{
//相机的rtsp url
char *inUrl = "rtsp://admin:@192.168.10.30:554/ch0_0.264";
VideoCapture cam;
namedWindow("video");
//像素格式转换上下文
SwsContext *vsc = NULL;
try
{
////
/// 1 使用opencv打开rtsp相机
cam.open(inUrl);
if (!cam.isOpened())
{
throw exception("cam open failed!");
}
cout << inUrl << " cam open success" << endl;
int inWidth = (int)cam.get(CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH);
int inHeight = (int)cam.get(CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT);
int fps = (int)cam.get(CAP_PROP_FPS);
///2 初始化格式转换上下文
vsc = sws_getCachedContext(vsc,
inWidth, inHeight, AV_PIX_FMT_BGR24, //源宽、高、像素格式
inWidth, inHeight, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P,//目标宽、高、像素格式
SWS_BICUBIC, // 尺寸变化使用算法
0, 0, 0
);
if (!vsc)
{
throw exception("sws_getCachedContext failed!");
}
Mat frame;
for (;;)
{
///读取rtsp视频帧,解码视频帧
if (!cam.grab())
{
continue;
}
///yuv转换为rgb
if (!cam.retrieve(frame))
{
continue;
}
imshow("video", frame);
waitKey(1);
}
}
catch (exception &ex)
{
if (cam.isOpened())
cam.release();
if (vsc)
{
sws_freeContext(vsc);
vsc = NULL;
}
cerr << ex.what() << endl;
}
getchar();
}
//rtsp数据源到rtmp推流 要重点复习
void test005()
{
cout << "void test005()!" << endl;
//相机的rtsp url
char *inUrl = "rtsp://admin:@192.168.10.30:554/ch0_0.264";
//nginx-rtmp 直播服务器rtmp推流URL
char *outUrl = "rtmp://192.168.10.181/live";
//注册所有的编解码器
avcodec_register_all();
//注册所有的封装器
av_register_all();
//注册所有网络协议
avformat_network_init();
VideoCapture cam;
Mat frame;
namedWindow("video");
//像素格式转换上下文
SwsContext *vsc = NULL;
//输出的数据结构
AVFrame *yuv = NULL;
//编码器上下文
AVCodecContext *vc = NULL;
//rtmp flv 封装器
AVFormatContext *ic = NULL;
try
{ ////
/// 1 使用opencv打开rtsp相机
cam.open(inUrl);
if (!cam.isOpened())
{
throw exception("cam open failed!");
}
cout << inUrl << " cam open success" << endl;
int inWidth = (int)cam.get(CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH);
int inHeight = (int)cam.get(CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT);
int fps = (int)cam.get(CAP_PROP_FPS);
///2 初始化格式转换上下文
vsc = sws_getCachedContext(vsc,
inWidth, inHeight, AV_PIX_FMT_BGR24, //源宽、高、像素格式
inWidth, inHeight, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P,//目标宽、高、像素格式
SWS_BICUBIC, // 尺寸变化使用算法
0, 0, 0
);
if (!vsc)
{
throw exception("sws_getCachedContext failed!");
}
///3 初始化输出的数据结构
yuv = av_frame_alloc();
yuv->format = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
yuv->width = inWidth;
yuv->height = inHeight;
yuv->pts = 0;
//分配yuv空间
int ret = av_frame_get_buffer(yuv, 32);
if (ret != 0)
{
char buf[1024] = { 0 };
av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
throw exception(buf);
}
///4 初始化编码上下文,分为以下三步
//a 找到编码器
AVCodec *codec = avcodec_find_encoder(AV_CODEC_ID_H264);
if (!codec)
{
throw exception("Can`t find h264 encoder!");
}
//b 创建编码器上下文
vc = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
if (!vc)
{
throw exception("avcodec_alloc_context3 failed!");
}
//c 配置编码器参数
vc->flags |= AV_CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER; //全局参数
vc->codec_id = codec->id;
vc->thread_count = 8;
vc->bit_rate = 50 * 1024 * 8;//压缩后每秒视频的bit位大小 50kB
vc->width = inWidth;
vc->height = inHeight;
vc->time_base = { 1,fps };
vc->framerate = { fps,1 };
//画面组的大小,多少帧一个关键帧
vc->gop_size = 50;
vc->max_b_frames = 0;
vc->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
//d 打开编码器上下文
ret = avcodec_open2(vc, 0, 0);
if (ret != 0)
{
char buf[1024] = { 0 };
av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
throw exception(buf);
}
cout << "avcodec_open2 success!" << endl;
///5 输出封装器和视频流配置
//a 创建输出封装器上下文
ret = avformat_alloc_output_context2(&ic, 0, "flv", outUrl);
if (ret != 0)
{
char buf[1024] = { 0 };
av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
throw exception(buf);
}
//b 添加视频流
AVStream *vs = avformat_new_stream(ic, NULL);
if (!vs)
{
throw exception("avformat_new_stream failed");
}
vs->codecpar->codec_tag = 0;
//从编码器复制参数
avcodec_parameters_from_context(vs->codecpar, vc);
av_dump_format(ic, 0, outUrl, 1);
///打开rtmp 的网络输出IO
ret = avio_open(&ic->pb, outUrl, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE);
if (ret != 0)
{
char buf[1024] = { 0 };
av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
throw exception(buf);
}
//写入封装头
ret = avformat_write_header(ic, NULL);
if (ret != 0)
{
char buf[1024] = { 0 };
av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
throw exception(buf);
}
AVPacket pack;
memset(&pack, 0, sizeof(pack));
int vpts = 0;
//死循环
for (;;)
{
///读取rtsp视频帧,解码视频帧
if (!cam.grab())
{
continue;
}
///yuv转换为rgb
if (!cam.retrieve(frame))
{
continue;
}
imshow("video", frame);
waitKey(1);
///rgb to yuv
//输入的数据结构
uint8_t *indata[AV_NUM_DATA_POINTERS] = { 0 };
//indata[0] bgrbgrbgr
//plane indata[0] bbbbb indata[1]ggggg indata[2]rrrrr
indata[0] = frame.data;
int insize[AV_NUM_DATA_POINTERS] = { 0 };
//一行(宽)数据的字节数
insize[0] = frame.cols * frame.elemSize();
int h = sws_scale(vsc, indata, insize, 0, frame.rows, //源数据
yuv->data, yuv->linesize);
if (h <= 0)
{
continue;
}
cout << h << " " << flush;
///h264编码
yuv->pts = vpts;
vpts++;
ret = avcodec_send_frame(vc, yuv);
if (ret != 0)
continue;
ret = avcodec_receive_packet(vc, &pack);
if (ret != 0 || pack.size > 0)
{
cout << "*" << pack.size << flush;
}
else
{
continue;
}
//推流
pack.pts = av_rescale_q(pack.pts, vc->time_base, vs->time_base);
pack.dts = av_rescale_q(pack.dts, vc->time_base, vs->time_base);
pack.duration = av_rescale_q(pack.duration, vc->time_base, vs->time_base);
ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(ic, &pack);
if (ret == 0)
{
cout << "#" << flush;
}
}
}
catch (exception &ex)
{
if (cam.isOpened())
cam.release();
if (vsc)
{
sws_freeContext(vsc);
vsc = NULL;
}
if (vc)
{
avio_closep(&ic->pb);
avcodec_free_context(&vc);
}
cerr << ex.what() << endl;
}
getchar();
}
//opencv_rtsp_to_rtmp_class封装重构代码 要重点复习
void test006()
{
cout << "void test006()!" << endl;
//相机的rtsp url
char *inUrl = "rtsp://admin:@192.168.10.30:554/ch0_0.264";
//nginx-rtmp 直播服务器rtmp推流URL
char *outUrl = "rtmp://192.168.10.181/live";
//编码器和像素格式转换
XMediaEncode *me = XMediaEncode::Get(0);
//封装和推流对象
XRtmp *xr = XRtmp::Get(0);
VideoCapture cam;
Mat frame;
namedWindow("video");
int ret = 0;
try
{ ////
/// 1 使用opencv打开rtsp相机
cam.open(inUrl);
if (!cam.isOpened())
{
throw exception("cam open failed!");
}
cout << inUrl << " cam open success" << endl;
int inWidth = (int)cam.get(CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH);
int inHeight = (int)cam.get(CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT);
int fps = (int)cam.get(CAP_PROP_FPS);
///2 初始化格式转换上下文
///3 初始化输出的数据结构
me->inWidth = inWidth;
me->inHeight = inHeight;
me->outWidth = inWidth;
me->outHeight = inHeight;
me->InitScale();
///4 初始化编码上下文
//a 找到编码器
if (!me->InitVideoCodec())
{
throw exception("InitVideoCodec failed!");
}
///5 输出封装器和视频流配置
xr->Init(outUrl);
//添加视频流
xr->AddStream(me->vc);
xr->SendHead();
for (;;)
{
///读取rtsp视频帧,解码视频帧
if (!cam.grab())
{
continue;
}
///yuv转换为rgb
if (!cam.retrieve(frame))
{
continue;
}
//imshow("video", frame);
//waitKey(1);
///rgb to yuv
me->inPixSize = frame.elemSize();
AVFrame *yuv = me->RGBToYUV((char*)frame.data);
if (!yuv) continue;
///h264编码
AVPacket *pack = me->EncodeVideo(yuv);
if (!pack) continue;
xr->SendFrame(pack);
}
}
catch (exception &ex)
{
if (cam.isOpened())
cam.release();
cerr << ex.what() << endl;
}
getchar();
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
//test000();
//test001();
//test002();
//test003();
//test004();
//test005();
test006();
return 0;
}
具体操作:
——————————————————————————————————————
选择摄像头并且打开摄像头;
vlc打开网络串流
输入:
rtmp://localhost/live/livestream
串流摄像头内容:
参考资料《利用ffmpeg和opencv进行视频的解码播放》
文中代码:
https://files.cnblogs.com/files/blogs/758212/opencv_rtsp2rtmp-master.rar
https://files.cnblogs.com/files/blogs/758212/main.js