Debian 查看与修改IP，设置多ip，network与networkManager配置

目录

Debian网络配置network

Debian网络配置NetworkManager

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     当前用的是Debian桌面版，网络配置network与NetworkManager，默认网络采用networkManager自动获取ip。

Debian网络配置network

一、查看ip地址，使用ip addr，注意看网络设备名称为ens33，默认自动获取ip

debian11:~$ ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:c5:d0:3d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp2s1
    inet 192.168.60.32/24 brd 192.168.60.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fec5:d03d/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

二、修改ip地址/etc/network/interfaces 

1、ens33网卡设置动态地址dhcp

root@debian10:/etc/network# vi /etc/network/interfaces

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto ens33
iface ens33 inet dhcp

2、设置静态ip地址，以及多ip（网卡别名）

root@debian10:/etc/network# vi /etc/network/interfaces

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto ens33
auto ens33:0
auto ens33:1

iface ens33 inet static
address 192.168.101.30
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.101.1

iface ens33:0 inet static
address 192.168.60.30
netmask 255.255.255.0

iface ens33:1 inet static
address 192.168.40.30
netmask 255.255.255.0

三、重启网络

方式一：root@debian10:~# /etc/init.d/networking restart

方式二：root@debian10:~# systemctl restart networking

四、异常点

重启异常点可通过状态查看：systemctl status networking

基本上就是

1、网络设置没配置好，看报错多检查

2、在network与networkManager上形成冲突，选择其一即可：

解决方式一：最简单直接，reboot重启系统，这个看运气，好的话就是network，不好的话还是networkManager

解决方式二：把network-manager先停，后重启网络

在debian8或则更高系统上：
$ sudo systemctl stop NetworkManager.service  暂时关闭NetworkManager（关闭一次）
$ sudo systemctl disable NetworkManager.service 永久关闭（一直关闭）

在debain7或更早的系统上:
$ sudo /etc/init.d/network-manager stop 暂时关闭NetworkManager（关闭一次）
$ sudo update-rc.d network-manager remove 永久关闭（一直关闭）

完事儿了：

root@Debian9:~# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:95:08:c8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.101.30/24 brd 192.168.101.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.60.30/24 brd 192.168.60.255 scope global ens33:0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.40.30/24 brd 192.168.40.255 scope global ens33:1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe95:8c8/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

Debian网络配置NetworkManager

       因为默认采用NetworkManager管理，那么我们只需在UI界面上进行添加或者配置文件里面添加地址即可。network下就不要去配置地址了

 

 

方式一，界面：手动并配置ip地址，并应用。

 地址信息界面重连即可生效

 

方式二，文件：/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections下

配置完成重启网络NetworkManager

root@Debian9:/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections# vi Wired\ connection\ 1 

[connection]
id=Wired connection 1
uuid=3b28d427-f2ea-424a-b4b8-0f07fef9f96e
type=ethernet
permissions=
timestamp=1669084160

[ethernet]
mac-address-blacklist=

[ipv4]

#ip地址格式：[ip]/[掩码],【网关】
address1=192.168.101.30/24,192.168.101.1   #单网卡下只能有一个网关
address2=192.168.60.30/24
dns-search=
method=manual

[ipv6]
addr-gen-mode=eui64
dns-search=
ip6-privacy=2
method=auto
 

重启：sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service