静默安装oracle 11g 【实验笔记】

停止防火墙，selinux

chkconfig iptables off

service iptables stop

vim /etc/selinux/config 修改SELINUX=disabled ，重启后生效

setenforce 0 ，不需要重启，立即生效，只限于当次

  

检查rpm包

rpm -q --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n" \

binutils \

compat-libstdc++-33 \

elfutils-libelf \

elfutils-libelf-devel \

gcc \

gcc-c++ \

glibc \

glibc-common \

glibc-devel \

glibc-headers \

ksh \

libaio \

libaio-devel \

libgcc \

libstdc++ \

libstdc++-devel \

make \

sysstat \

numactl \

unixODBC \

unixODBC-devel \

| grep "not installed" | grep -v grep | awk '{print "yum install -y " $2 }'

  

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

  

cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

EOF

  

sysctl -p

  

  

vim /etc/security/limits.conf

  

cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft stack 10240

EOF

  

vi /etc/pam.d/login

  

cat >> /etc/pam.d/login <<EOF

session required pam_limits.so

EOF

  

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so ---32bit

session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so ---64bit

  

vi /etc/profile

  

cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF

if [ \$USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ \$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ];then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

fi

EOF

  

  

找到ulimit –S –c 0 > /dev/null 2>&1

改成

ulimit -S -c unlimited > /dev/null 2>&1

  

  

vi /etc/csh.login

  

cat >> /etc/csh.login <<EOF

if( \$USER == "oracle" ) then

limit maxproc 16384

limit descriptors 65536

umask 022

endif

EOF

  

/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall

/usr/sbin/groupadd dba

/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

passwd oracle

  

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/

  

  

su - oracle

vim .bash_profile

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_SID=demo

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME

export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

  

或者 参考：

vim demo.env

umask 022

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

export ORACLE_SID=demo

export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

export PS1=$LOGNAME@`hostname`:'$PWD>'

export SQLPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin:/home/oracle/admin/sql

alias ohome="cd $ORACLE_HOME"

alias taf="tail -f /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/demo/demo/trace/alert_demo.log"

ulimit -u 16384 -n 63536 #linux

esc="033["

echo " "

echo " "

echo -e "${esc}31;1m******************************************************************${esc}0m"

echo -e "${esc}31;1m***This is PRODUCT , Please be careful of your operation!***${esc}0m"

echo -e "${esc}31;1m******************************************************************${esc}0m"

echo " "

echo " "

  

安装

1 此步骤很重要,如果忽略 ,最终会提示inventory 文件目录非空 导致静默安装失败

vim /etc/oraInst.loc

inventory_loc=/u01/app/oraInventory

inst_group=oinstall

  

因为11.2的静默安装需要提供MOS的username,password 所以静默安装 11.2.0.1 采用 debug模式安装 ,如果有异常则更容易发现错误原因。

./runInstaller -silent -noconfig -ignorePrereq -responseFile /home/oracle/db.rsp ---会报错

  

  

cd $ORACLESOFT_mount/database

./runInstaller -silent -debug -force \

FROM_LOCATION=/mnt/hgfs/database/stage/products.xml \

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory \

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 \

ORACLE_HOME_NAME="Oracle111" \

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle \

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \

oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false \

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba \

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba \

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

  

  

运行到

The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.

#!/bin/sh

#Root scripts to run

  

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

To execute the configuration scripts:

1. Open a terminal window

2. Log in as "root"

3. Run the scripts

4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue

  

另打开一个终端 运行root.sh

最好先运行/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

[root@test6 ~]# . /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

[root@test6 ~]# . /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

Check /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/install/root_test6_2014-07-24_14-38-43.log for the output of root script

  

查看/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/install/root_test6_2014-07-24_14-38-43.log日志

[root@test6 ~]# cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/install/root_test6_2014-07-24_14-38-43.log

  

Running Oracle 11g root.sh script...

  

The following environment variables are set as:

ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root.sh script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

Finished product-specific root actions.

  

至此软件安装成功

  

直接编辑监听文件 不使用netca建立listener.ora

cat listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = test6)(PORT = 1521))

)

)

  

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

  

  

grep -Ev '^(#|$)' urfile

静默安装db

安装完成oracle软件之后还没创建db,我们可以继续使用静默方式创建数据库。

cd /mnt/hgfs/database/response

[oracle@test6 response]$ grep -Ev '^(#|$)' dbca.rsp

[GENERAL]

RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"

OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"

[CREATEDATABASE]

GDBNAME = "orcl11g.us.oracle.com"

SID = "orcl11g"

TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"

[createTemplateFromDB]

SOURCEDB = "myhost:1521:orcl"

SYSDBAUSERNAME = "system"

TEMPLATENAME = "My Copy TEMPLATE"

[createCloneTemplate]

SOURCEDB = "orcl"

TEMPLATENAME = "My Clone TEMPLATE"

[DELETEDATABASE]

SOURCEDB = "orcl"

[generateScripts]

TEMPLATENAME = "New Database"

GDBNAME = "orcl11.us.oracle.com"

[CONFIGUREDATABASE]

[ADDINSTANCE]

DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl11g.us.oracle.com"

NODELIST=

SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"

[DELETEINSTANCE]

DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl11g.us.oracle.com"

INSTANCENAME = "orcl11g"

SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"

  

grep -Ev '^(#|$)' dbca.rsp >> /home/oracle/dbca.rsp

  

cd /home/oracle

[oracle@test6 ~]$ vim dbca.rsp

  

[GENERAL]

RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"

OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"

[CREATEDATABASE]

GDBNAME = "demo"

SID = "demo"

TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"

SYSPASSWORD = "oracle"

SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"

SYSMANPASSWORD = "oracle"

DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle"

DATAFILEDESTINATION ="/u01/app/oracle/oradata"

STORAGETYPE=FS

CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8"

DATABASETYPE = "MULTIPURPOSE"

AUTOMATICMEMORYMANAGEMENT = "FALSE"

TOTALMEMORY =8192

  

  

运行：

dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/dbca.rsp

[oracle@test6 admin]$ dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/dbca.rsp

sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory

sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory

Copying database files

1% complete

3% complete

11% complete

18% complete

26% complete

37% complete

Creating and starting Oracle instance

40% complete

45% complete

50% complete

55% complete

56% complete

60% complete

62% complete

Completing Database Creation

66% complete

70% complete

73% complete

85% complete

96% complete

100% complete

  

  

tnsname.ora

DEMO =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = test6)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = demo)

)

)

  

  

  

  

**********************参考

http://blog.itpub.net/22664653/viewspace-1062585/

附上oracle软件静默安装的参数含义如下:

-silent 表示以静默方式安装,不会有任何提示

-force 表示允许安装到一个非空目录

-noconfig 表示不运行配置助手netca

-responseFile 表示使用哪个响应文件,必需使用绝对路径

oracle.install.responseFileVersion 响应文件模板的版本,该参数不要更改

oracle.install.option 安装模式选项,本例只安装oracle软件,该参数不要更改

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES 是否需要在线安全更新,设置为false,该参数不要更改

UNIX_GROUP_NAME oracle 用户用于安装软件的组名

INVENTORY_LOCATION oracle 产品清单目录

SELECTED_LANGUAGES oracle 运行语言环境,一般包括引文和简繁体中文

ORACLE_HOME oracle安装目录

ORACLE_BASE oracle基础目录

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition 安装版本类型,一般是企业版

oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall 是否定制安装,默认Partitioning,OLAP,RAT都选上。根据自己的需要选择组件。

oracle.install.db.customComponents 定制安装组件列表:除了以上默认的,可加上Label Security和Database Vault

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP oracle 用户用于授予osdba权限的组名

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP oracle 用户用于授予osoper权限的组名

  

问题一 相信这个问题也是很多人也会遇到

[FATAL] [INS-32035] Unable to create a new central inventory at the specified location.

CAUSE: The central inventory location provided is not empty.

ACTION: Please provide another location for the inventory, or clean up the current location.

解决方法:

使用root vim /etc/oraInst.doc 加入

inventory_loc=/u01/app/oraInventory

inst_group=oinstall

问题二

[WARNING] [INS-32055] The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.

CAUSE: The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.

ACTION: Oracle recommends placing this Central Inventory in a location outside the Oracle base directory.

解决方法：

如提示所言 Inventory 目录安装在了$ORACLE_BASE 目录下了，所以调整Inventory 目录不在$ORACLE_BASE 目录下，即可解决问题。

  

问题三

lsnrctl start

 

LSNRCTL for Linux:Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 24-JUL-2014 15:43:14

 

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009,Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

Starting/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

 

TNSLSNR for Linux:Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

System parameter file is/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Log messages written to/u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/test6/listener/alert/log.xml

Error listening on:(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=test6)(PORT=1521)))

 

 

这是因为 没有在hosts文件中解析主机名造成的。

oraInventory 存放Oracle软件安装的目录信息，Oralce的安装和升级都需要用到这个目录，删除或丢失oraInventory目录的内容就会导致安装/升级失败。

Oracle官方文档对oraInventory的说明:

All Oracle software installations rely on this directory.

Ensure that you back it up regularly.

Do not delete this directory unless you have completely removed

all Oracle software from the system.

oraInventory 目录的位置是由oraInst.loc 文件决定的：

/etc/oraInst.loc (AIX and Linux Platform)

/var/opt/oracle/OraInst.loc (Solaris and HP-UX platform)