C++11引入的C++库函数将string转换为数值类型

使用C++标准库函数

使用C++11引入的C++库函数将string转换为数值类型，相应的库函数申明于头文件<string>中。

名称	原型	说明
stoi	int stoi (const string& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10); int stoi (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);	Convert string to integer (function template )
stol	long stol (const string& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10); long stol (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);	Convert string to long int (function template)
stoul	unsigned long stoul (const string& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10); unsigned long stoul (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);	Convert string to unsigned integer (function template)
stoll	long long stoll (const string& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10); long long stoll (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);	Convert string to long long (function template)
stoull	unsigned long long stoull (const string& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10); unsigned long long stoull (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0, int base = 10);	Convert string to unsigned long long (function template)
stof	float stof (const string& str, size_t* idx = 0); float stof (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0);	Convert string to float (function template )
stod	double stod (const string& str, size_t* idx = 0); double stod (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0);	Convert string to double (function template )
stold	long double stold (const string& str, size_t* idx = 0); long double stold (const wstring& str, size_t* idx = 0);	Convert string to long double (function template)