设定xfce工具栏图标背景的几种方法

现在有这么一个需求，需要将xfce工具栏上图标的背景设置成指定的背景，那么可以用下面几种方法：

1.修改~/.gtkrc-2.0，这个方法最简单，可以参考：

http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Xfce_%28%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%29#.E5.A6.82.E4.BD.95.E8.AE.A9.E6.A1.8C.E9.9D.A2.E5.9B.BE.E6.A0.87.E6.A0.87.E7.AD.BE.E5.AD.97.E4.BD.93.E8.83.8C.E6.99.AF.E9.80.8F.E6.98.8E

 

2.

	    gtk_widget_set_app_paintable (GTK_WIDGET (item), TRUE); 
            //设定控件显示时的回调函数
	    g_signal_connect(item, "expose-event",G_CALLBACK(transparent_expose), NULL)

 

static gboolean
transparent_expose (GtkWidget *item, 
                    GdkEventExpose *event)
{

       GdkPixmap *gdk_pixmap;
       GdkPixbuf *gdk_pixbuf,*gdk_pixbuf_tmp;
       GdkBitmap *mask;
       gint w, h;

       gtk_window_get_size (GTK_WINDOW (item), &w, &h);
       gdk_pixbuf_tmp =  gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file (“./background.png”, NULL);

       gdk_pixbuf =   gdk_pixbuf_scale_simple (gdk_pixbuf_tmp, w, h, GDK_INTERP_BILINEAR);
       g_object_unref (G_OBJECT(gdk_pixbuf_tmp));
       gdk_pixbuf_render_pixmap_and_mask (gdk_pixbuf, &gdk_pixmap,&mask, 255);

       gdk_window_set_back_pixmap (GTK_WIDGET (item)->window, gdk_pixmap, FALSE);
       gtk_widget_shape_combine_mask (GTK_WIDGET (item), mask, 0, 0);
       //将widget->window背景设定为	./background.png
}

  或者

static gboolean
transparent_expose (GtkWidget *widget, 
                    GdkEventExpose *event)

{
	GdkPixbuf *gdk_pixbuf, *gdk_pixbuf_tmp;
	GdkPixmap *gdk_pixmap;
	gdk_pixbuf_tmp =  gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file("./background.png", NULL);
	gdk_pixbuf =   gdk_pixbuf_scale_simple (gdk_pixbuf_tmp, widget->allocation.width, widget->allocation.height , GDK_INTERP_BILINEAR);
	gdk_pixbuf_render_pixmap_and_mask ( gdk_pixbuf, &gdk_pixmap,NULL, 127);
	g_object_unref(G_OBJECT(gdk_pixbuf_tmp));
	g_object_unref(G_OBJECT(gdk_pixbuf));
	gdk_draw_drawable (widget->window,
			widget->style->black_gc,
			gdk_pixmap,
			0,
			0, 
			widget->allocation.x,
			widget->allocation.y,
			widget->allocation.width,
			widget->allocation.height );
	g_object_unref(G_OBJECT(gdk_pixmap));

	return FALSE;

}

 

 

3.

static void
update_background(GtkWidget *widget, gchar *img_file, gint size)
{
	GdkPixbuf *style_pixbuf_tmp, *style_pixbuf;
	GdkPixmap *style_pixmap;
	GtkStyle *style; 
        
        // 从文件读取背景图
	style_pixbuf_tmp = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file(img_file, NULL);

	gint pic_width, pic_height;
	gboolean pic_alpha;
	pic_width =  gdk_pixbuf_get_width(style_pixbuf_tmp);
	pic_height =  gdk_pixbuf_get_height(style_pixbuf_tmp);
	pic_alpha =  gdk_pixbuf_get_has_alpha(style_pixbuf_tmp);
	style_pixbuf = gdk_pixbuf_new( GDK_COLORSPACE_RGB, pic_alpha, 8, size, size + 2); 
        // 将style_pixbuf_tmp复制到style_pixbuf
	gdk_pixbuf_scale(style_pixbuf_tmp, style_pixbuf, 0, 0, size, size + 2, 
				0, -2, (double)size/pic_width, (double)(size + 4)/pic_height,
				GDK_INTERP_BILINEAR);
	g_object_unref(style_pixbuf_tmp);
        // 从style_pixbuf,获取style_pixmap
	gdk_pixbuf_render_pixmap_and_mask(style_pixbuf, &style_pixmap, NULL, 0);
	g_object_unref(style_pixbuf);
	
        // 获得控件的初始style
	style = gtk_style_copy(GTK_WIDGET (widget)->style);
	if (style->bg_pixmap[GTK_STATE_NORMAL])
	  g_object_unref(G_OBJECT(style->bg_pixmap[GTK_STATE_NORMAL]));
        // 将style_pixmap画到控件背景上
	style->bg_pixmap[GTK_STATE_NORMAL] = g_object_ref(style_pixmap);
	gtk_widget_set_style(GTK_WIDGET (widget), style);
	g_object_unref(style_pixmap);

}

 

 

另外，在GNOME开发手册中，对于expose-event事件中实现图片背景的例子也可以借鉴一下：

http://library.gnome.org/devel/gdk-pixbuf/stable/gdk-pixbuf-scaling.html#gdk-pixbuf-scale

gboolean
expose_cb (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventExpose *event, gpointer data)
{
  GdkPixbuf *dest;
  dest = gdk_pixbuf_new (GDK_COLORSPACE_RGB, FALSE, 8, event->area.width, event->area.height);
  gdk_pixbuf_composite_color (pixbuf, dest,
                              0, 0, event->area.width, event->area.height,
                              -event->area.x, -event->area.y,
                              (double) widget->allocation.width / gdk_pixbuf_get_width (pixbuf),
                              (double) widget->allocation.height / gdk_pixbuf_get_height (pixbuf),
                              GDK_INTERP_BILINEAR, 255,
                              event->area.x, event->area.y, 16, 0xaaaaaa, 0x555555);
  gdk_draw_pixbuf (widget->window, widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_STATE_NORMAL], dest,
                   0, 0, event->area.x, event->area.y,
                   event->area.width, event->area.height,
                   GDK_RGB_DITHER_NORMAL, event->area.x, event->area.y);
  gdk_pixbuf_unref (dest);
  return TRUE;
}

 

 

函数原型，以及参数的含义：

void                gdk_pixbuf_scale                    (const GdkPixbuf *src,
                                                         GdkPixbuf *dest,
                                                         int dest_x,//目的图片的偏移量
                                                         int dest_y,
                                                         int dest_width,//源图片复制到目的图片的宽度
                                                         int dest_height,
                                                         double offset_x,//源图片的偏移量
                                                         double offset_y,
                                                         double scale_x,//要复制的源图片倍数
                                                         double scale_y,
                                                         GdkInterpType interp_type);

 

 

Figure 1. Compositing of pixbufs

 

src  :	a GdkPixbuf
dest  :	the GdkPixbuf into which to render the results
dest_x  :	the left coordinate for region to render
dest_y  :	the top coordinate for region to render
dest_width  :	the width of the region to render
dest_height  :	the height of the region to render
offset_x  :	the offset in the X direction (currently rounded to an integer)
offset_y  :	the offset in the Y direction (currently rounded to an integer)
scale_x  :	the scale factor in the X direction
scale_y  :	the scale factor in the Y direction
interp_type  :	the interpolation type for the transformation.
overall_alpha  :	overall alpha for source image (0..255)