【C++】大话设计模式C++实现，状态模式State

《大话数据结构》一书中实例代码使用C#，这里用C++实现一遍
 

//状态模式
//当一个对象内在状态改变时，允许改变其行为，这个对象看起来就像是改变了其类
//当控制一个对象的状态的转换的条件表达式过于复杂时

#pragma once
#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;


class Work; //先声明

//虚拟状态类
//存储状态改变时应该作出的行为
class State {
public:
	virtual void writeProgram(Work *w) = 0;
	//相互包含时，要先声明Work，告诉编译器这是一个类
	//由于Work还有有定义所以编译器不知道所需空间，所只能包含指针
	//同理，由于还没有定义，不能通过指针调用Work的函数
};


class Work {
private:
	State *current;
	double hour;
	bool finish;
public:
	Work(State *s = nullptr, double h = 0.0, bool f = false)
		:current(s), hour(h), finish(f)
	{}
	~Work() {
		delete current;
	}


public:
	void writeProgram() {
		current->writeProgram(this);
	}


public:
	double & accessHour() {
		return hour;
	}
	bool & accessFinish() {
		return finish;
	}

	State * getState() {
		return current;
	}
	void setState(State * s) {
		current = s;
	}



};



//由于判断后一种状态的类由前一种类new出来
//所以定义的顺序要从最后一个类开始

class RestState :public State {
public:
	virtual void writeProgram(Work *w) {
			cout << "当前时间" << w->accessHour() << "点，完成工作，不用加班" << endl;
	}
};

class SleepingState :public State {
public:
	virtual void writeProgram(Work *w) {
		cout << "当前时间" << w->accessHour() << "点，回家休息" << endl;
	}
};


class EveningState :public State {
public:
	virtual void writeProgram(Work *w) {
		if (w->accessFinish()) {
			delete w->getState();
			w->setState(new RestState()); //完成任务进入休息状态
			w->writeProgram();
		}
		else {
			if (w->accessHour()<21)
				cout << "当前时间" << w->accessHour() << "点，加班工作，疲惫" << endl;
			else {
				delete w->getState();
				w->setState(new SleepingState());
				w->writeProgram();
			}
		}
	}
};


class AfternoonState :public State {
public:
	virtual void writeProgram(Work *w) {
		if (w->accessHour() < 19)
			cout << "当前时间" << w->accessHour() << "点，下午工作，恢复精神" << endl;
		else {
			delete w->getState();
			w->setState(new EveningState());
			w->writeProgram();
		}
	}


};

class NoonState :public State {
public:
	virtual void writeProgram(Work *w) {
		if (w->accessHour() < 13)
			cout << "当前时间" << w->accessHour() << "点，中午工作，犯困" << endl;
		else {
			delete w->getState();
			w->setState(new AfternoonState()); //进入下一个状态判断
			w->writeProgram();
		}
	}
};

class ForenoonState :public State {
public:
	virtual void writeProgram(Work *w) {
		if (w->accessHour() < 12)
			cout << "当前时间" << w->accessHour() << "点，上午工作，精神百倍" << endl;
		else {
			delete w->getState();
			w->setState(new NoonState()); //进入下一个状态判断（靠构造新类去判断状态？）
			w->writeProgram();
		}
	}
};