private TestLinearLayout mLayout;
private TestButton mButton;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
mLayout = (TestLinearLayout) this.findViewById(R.id.mylayout);
mButton = (TestButton) this.findViewById(R.id.my_btn);
mLayout.setOnTouchListener(this);
mButton.setOnTouchListener(this);
mLayout.setOnClickListener(this);
mButton.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
Log.i(null, “OnTouchListener–onTouch-- action=”+event.getAction()+" --"+v);
return false;
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Log.i(null, “OnClickListener–onClick–”+v);
}
}
到此基础示例的代码编写完成。没有啥难度,很简单易懂,不多解释了。
2-2 运行现象
当直接点击Button时打印现象如下:
TestLinearLayout dispatchTouchEvent-- action=0
TestLinearLayout onInterceptTouchEvent-- action=0
TestButton dispatchTouchEvent-- action=0
OnTouchListener–onTouch-- action=0 --com.zzci.light.TestButton
TestButton onTouchEvent-- action=0
TestLinearLayout dispatchTouchEvent-- action=1
TestLinearLayout onInterceptTouchEvent-- action=1
TestButton dispatchTouchEvent-- action=1
OnTouchListener–onTouch-- action=1 --com.zzci.light.TestButton
TestButton onTouchEvent-- action=1
OnClickListener–onClick–com.zzci.light.TestButton
分析:你会发现这个结果好惊讶吧,点击了Button却先执行了TestLinearLayout(ViewGroup)的dispatchTouchEvent,接着执行TestLinearLayout(ViewGroup)的onInterceptTouchEvent,接着执行TestButton(TestLinearLayout包含的成员View)的dispatchTouchEvent,接着就是View触摸事件的分发流程,上一篇已经讲过了。也就是说当点击View时事件派发每一个down,up的action顺序是先触发最父级控件(这里为LinearLayout)的dispatchTouchEvent->onInterceptTouchEvent->然后向前一级传递(这里就是传递到Button View)。
那么继续看,当直接点击除Button以外的其他部分时打印如下:
TestLinearLayout dispatchTouchEvent-- action=0
TestLinearLayout onInterceptTouchEvent-- action=0
OnTouchListener–onTouch-- action=0 --com.zzci.light.TestLinearLayout
TestLinearLayout onTouchEvent-- action=0
TestLinearLayout dispatchTouchEvent-- action=1
OnTouchListener–onTouch-- action=1 --com.zzci.light.TestLinearLayout
TestLinearLayout onTouchEvent-- action=1
OnClickListener–onClick–com.zzci.light.TestLinearLayout
分析:你会发现一个奇怪的现象,派发ACTION_DOWN(action=0)事件时顺序为dispatchTouchEvent->onInterceptTouchEvent->onTouch->onTouchEvent,而接着派发ACTION_UP(action=1)事件时与上面顺序不同的时竟然没触发onInterceptTouchEvent方法。这是为啥呢?我也纳闷,那就留着下面分析源码再找答案吧,先记住这个问题。
有了上面这个例子你是不是发现包含ViewGroup与View的事件触发有些相似又有很大差异吧(PS:在Android中继承View实现的控件已经是最小单位了,也即在XML布局等操作中不能再包含子项了,而继承ViewGroup实现的控件通常不是最小单位,可以包含不确定数目的子项)。具体差异是啥呢?咱们类似上篇一样,带着这个实例疑惑去看源码找答案吧。
3 Android 5.1.1(API 22) ViewGroup触摸屏事件传递源码分析
通过上面例子的打印我们可以确定分析源码的顺序,那就开始分析呗。
3-1 从ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent方法说起
前一篇的3-2小节说在Android中你只要触摸控件首先都会触发控件的dispatchTouchEvent方法(其实这个方法一般都没在具体的控件类中,而在他的父类View中)。这其实是思维单单局限在View的角度去看待的,这里通过上面的例子你是否发现触摸控件会先从他的父级dispatchTouchEvent方法开始派发呢?是的,所以咱们先从ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent方法说起,如下:
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onTouchEvent(ev, 1);
}
// If the event targets the accessibility focused view and this is it, start
// normal event dispatch. Maybe a descendant is what will handle the click.
if (ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus() && isAccessibilityFocusedViewOrHost()) {
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
}
boolean handled = false;
if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(ev)) {
final int action = ev.getAction();
final int actionMasked = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK;
// Handle an initial down.
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
// Throw away all previous state when starting a new touch gesture.
// The framework may have dropped the up or cancel event for the previous gesture
// due to an app switch, ANR, or some other state change.
cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev);
resetTouchState();
}
// Check for interception.
final boolean intercepted;
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
if (!disallowIntercept) {
intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
} else {
intercepted = false;
}
} else {
// There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down
// so this view group continues to intercept touches.
intercepted = true;
}
// If intercepted, start normal event dispatch. Also if there is already
// a view that is handling the gesture, do normal event dispatch.
if (intercepted || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
}
// Check for cancelation.
final boolean canceled = resetCancelNextUpFlag(this)
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL;
// Update list of touch targets for pointer down, if needed.
final boolean split = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_SPLIT_MOTION_EVENTS) != 0;
TouchTarget newTouchTarget = null;
boolean alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = false;
if (!canceled && !intercepted) {
// If the event is targeting accessiiblity focus we give it to the
// view that has accessibility focus and if it does not handle it
// we clear the flag and dispatch the event to all children as usual.
// We are looking up the accessibility focused host to avoid keeping
// state since these events are very rare.
View childWithAccessibilityFocus = ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus()
? findChildWithAccessibilityFocus() : null;
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN)
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex(); // always 0 for down
-
final int idBitsToAssign = split ? 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex)
- TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS;
// Clean up earlier touch targets for this pointer id in case they
// have become out of sync.
removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToAssign);
final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
if (newTouchTarget == null && childrenCount != 0) {
final float x = ev.getX(actionIndex);
final float y = ev.getY(actionIndex);
// Find a child that can receive the event.
// Scan children from front to back.
final ArrayList preorderedList = buildOrderedChildList();
final boolean customOrder = preorderedList == null
&& isChildrenDrawingOrderEnabled();
final View[] children = mChildren;
for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i–) {
final int childIndex = customOrder
? getChildDrawingOrder(childrenCount, i) : i;
final View child = (preorderedList == null)
? children[childIndex] : preorderedList.get(childIndex);
// If there is a view that has accessibility focus we want it
// to get the event first and if not handled we will perform a
// normal dispatch. We may do a double iteration but this is
// safer given the timeframe.
if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != null) {
if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != child) {
continue;
}
childWithAccessibilityFocus = null;
i = childrenCount - 1;
}
if (!canViewReceivePointerEvents(child)
|| !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
continue;
}
newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child);
if (newTouchTarget != null) {
// Child is already receiving touch within its bounds.
// Give it the new pointer in addition to the ones it is handling.
newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
break;
}
resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
// Child wants to receive touch within its bounds.
mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime();
if (preorderedList != null) {
// childIndex points into presorted list, find original index
for (int j = 0; j < childrenCount; j++) {
if (children[childIndex] == mChildren[j]) {
mLastTouchDownIndex = j;
break;
}
}
} else {
mLastTouchDownIndex = childIndex;
}
mLastTouchDownX = ev.getX();
mLastTouchDownY = ev.getY();
newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
break;
}
// The accessibility focus didn’t handle the event, so clear
// the flag and do a normal dispatch to all children.
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
}
if (preorderedList != null) preorderedList.clear();
}
if (newTouchTarget == null && mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
// Did not find a child to receive the event.
// Assign the pointer to the least recently added target.
newTouchTarget = mFirstTouchTarget;
while (newTouchTarget.next != null) {
newTouchTarget = newTouchTarget.next;
}
newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
}
}
}
// Dispatch to touch targets.
if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
// No touch targets so treat this as an ordinary view.
handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS);
} else {
// Dispatch to touch targets, excluding the new touch target if we already
// dispatched to it. Cancel touch targets if necessary.
TouchTarget predecessor = null;
TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget;
while (target != null) {
final TouchTarget next = target.next;
if (alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget && target == newTouchTarget) {
handled = true;
} else {
final boolean cancelChild = resetCancelNextUpFlag(target.child)
|| intercepted;
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, cancelChild,
target.child, target.pointerIdBits)) {
handled = true;
}
if (cancelChild) {
if (predecessor == null) {
mFirstTouchTarget = next;
} else {
predecessor.next = next;
}
target.recycle();
target = next;
continue;
}
}
predecessor = target;
target = next;
}
}
// Update list of touch targets for pointer up or cancel, if needed.
if (canceled
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
resetTouchState();
} else if (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP) {
final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex();
final int idBitsToRemove = 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex);
removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToRemove);
}
}
if (!handled && mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(ev, 1);
}
return handled;
}
我勒个去!!!这比View的dispatchTouchEvent方法长很多啊,那就只关注重点分析吧。
第一步,17-24行,对ACTION_DOWN进行处理。
因为ACTION_DOWN是一系列事件的开端,当是ACTION_DOWN时进行一些初始化操作,从上面源码中注释也可以看出来,清除以往的Touch状态然后开始新的手势。在这里你会发现cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev)方法中有一个非常重要的操作就是将mFirstTouchTarget设置为了null(刚开始分析大眼瞄一眼没留意,结果越往下看越迷糊,所以这个是分析ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent方法第一步中重点要记住的一个地方),接着在resetTouchState()方法中重置Touch状态标识。
第二步,26-47行,检查是否要拦截。
在dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev)这段代码中使用变量intercepted来标记ViewGroup是否拦截Touch事件的传递,该变量类似第一步的mFirstTouchTarget变量,在后续代码中起着很重要的作用。if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN || mFirstTouchTarget != null)
这一条判断语句说明当事件为ACTION_DOWN或者mFirstTouchTarget不为null(即已经找到能够接收touch事件的目标组件)时if成立,否则if不成立,然后将intercepted设置为true,也即拦截事件。当当事件为ACTION_DOWN或者mFirstTouchTarget不为null时判断disallowIntercept(禁止拦截)标志位,而这个标记在ViewGroup中提供了public的设置方法,如下:
public void requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(boolean disallowIntercept) {
if (disallowIntercept == ((mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0)) {
// We’re already in this state, assume our ancestors are too
return;
}
if (disallowIntercept) {
mGroupFlags |= FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT;
} else {
mGroupFlags &= ~FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT;
}
// Pass it up to our parent
if (mParent != null) {
mParent.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(disallowIntercept);
}
}
所以你可以在其他地方调用requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(boolean disallowIntercept)方法,从而禁止执行是否需要拦截的判断。当disallowIntercept为true(禁止拦截判断)时则intercepted直接设置为false,否则调用onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)方法,然后将结果赋值给intercepted。那就来看下ViewGroup与众不同与View特有的onInterceptTouchEvent方法,如下:
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
return false;
}
看见了吧,默认的onInterceptTouchEvent方法只是返回了一个false,也即intercepted=false。所以可以说明上面例子的部分打印(dispatchTouchEvent->onInterceptTouchEvent->onTouchEvent),这里很明显表明在ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent()中默认(不在其他地方调运requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent方法设置禁止拦截标记)首先调用了onInterceptTouchEvent()方法。
第三步,49-51行,检查cancel。
通过标记和action检查cancel,然后将结果赋值给局部boolean变量canceled。
第四步,53-函数结束,事件分发。
54行首先可以看见获取一个boolean变量标记split来标记,默认是true,作用是是否把事件分发给多个子View,这个同样在ViewGroup中提供了public的方法设置,如下:
public void setMotionEventSplittingEnabled(boolean split) {
// TODO Applications really shouldn’t change this setting mid-touch event,
// but perhaps this should handle that case and send ACTION_CANCELs to any child views
// with gestures in progress when this is changed.
if (split) {
mGroupFlags |= FLAG_SPLIT_MOTION_EVENTS;
} else {
mGroupFlags &= ~FLAG_SPLIT_MOTION_EVENTS;
}
}
接着57行if (!canceled && !intercepted)
判断表明,事件不是ACTION_CANCEL并且ViewGroup的拦截标志位intercepted为false(不拦截)则会进入其中。
事件分发步骤中关于ACTION_DOWN的特殊处理
接着67行这个很大的if语句if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN || (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN) || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE)
处理ACTION_DOWN事件,这个环节比较繁琐,也比较重要,如下具体分析。
在79行判断了childrenCount个数是否不为0,然后接着在84行拿到了子View的list集合preorderedList;接着在88行通过一个for循环i从childrenCount - 1开始遍历到0,倒序遍历所有的子view,这是因为preorderedList中的顺序是按照addView或者XML布局文件中的顺序来的,后addView添加的子View,会因为Android的UI后刷新机制显示在上层;假如点击的地方有两个子View都包含的点击的坐标,那么后被添加到布局中的那个子view会先响应事件;这样其实也是符合人的思维方式的,因为后被添加的子view会浮在上层,所以我们去点击的时候一般都会希望点击最上层的那个组件先去响应事件。
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