C# RabbitMQ使用

 

本文章仅为个人理解，如有错误请指正。

RabbitMQ安装、说明、常用命令：https://blog.csdn.net/kang_xuan/article/details/90718878

RabbitMQ API：

Nuget UI：查找 RabbitMQ.Client

Nuget CLI: Install-Package RabbitMQ.Client -Version 5.1.0 (查找对应版本)

RabbitMQ.Client、RabbitMQ.ServiceMode两个程序集都需要进行引用。

RabbitMQ五种队列介绍：

• RabbitMQ相关设置
  1. 安装RabbitMQ
  2. 创建虚拟机：rabbitmqctl add_vhost /demo
  3. 创建用户：rabbitmqctl add_user kk2019jy kk2019jy
  4. 设置用户权限：rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p /demo kk2019jy .* .* .*
• 注意事项：
  1. 建议所有队列模式先创建队列后在进行生产者发送数据操作。
  2. 建议消费者不使用using调用Dispose,手动说着注册在其他事件中进行调用对象Dispose操作，Demo中使用WinForm方式，所以FormClosing进行了资源的释放。
  3. 自动消息确认和手动消息确认,同时只能使用一种方式，如果使用手动确认消息，建议在消费者事件的最后一行代码进行确认操作。
• 简单队列

只有一个生产者，一个消费者，生产者发送消息到交换机，消费者接收队列消息并进行确认。只需要创建队列即可，不需要对交换机和队列进行绑定设置，默认使用AMQP default交换机，会将队列的名称作为路由键与交换机进行绑定。

        //创建队列
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
            connectionFactory.HostName = "192.168.116.2";
            connectionFactory.VirtualHost = "/demo";
            connectionFactory.UserName = "kk2019jy";
            connectionFactory.Password = "kk2019jy";
            //创建连接
            using (IConnection connectionObj = connectionFactory.CreateConnection())
            {
                //创建管道
                using (IModel modelChannel = connectionObj.CreateModel())
                {
                    //声明队列,设置队列持久化
                    modelChannel.QueueDeclare("hello", true, false, false, null);
                }
            }
        }

        //生产者
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
            connectionFactory.HostName = "192.168.116.2";
            connectionFactory.VirtualHost = "/demo";
            connectionFactory.UserName = "kk2019jy";
            connectionFactory.Password = "kk2019jy";
            using (IConnection connectionObj = connectionFactory.CreateConnection())
            {
                //创建管道
                using (IModel modelChannel = connectionObj.CreateModel())
                {
                    byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new MessageInfo { StrValue = "123", IntValue = Num++ }));
                    //发送消息，设置路由键为hello
                    modelChannel.BasicPublish("", "hello", null, buffer);
                }
            }
        }

        //消费者
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
            connectionFactory.HostName = "192.168.116.2";
            connectionFactory.VirtualHost = "/demo";
            connectionFactory.UserName = "kk2019jy";
            connectionFactory.Password = "kk2019jy";
            ConnectionObj = connectionFactory.CreateConnection();

            //创建管道
            ModelChannel = ConnectionObj.CreateModel();
            //创建基本消费者事件对象
            EventingBasicConsumer consumerEvent = new EventingBasicConsumer(ModelChannel);
            //注册事件
            consumerEvent.Received += ConsumerEvent_Received;
            //消费者接收消息,关闭自动消息确认
            ModelChannel.BasicConsume("hello", false, consumerEvent);
        }


        private void ConsumerEvent_Received(object sender, BasicDeliverEventArgs e)
        {
            string byteStr = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(e.Body);
            JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(byteStr);
            Console.WriteLine(byteStr);
            //手动进行消息确认
            (sender as EventingBasicConsumer).Model.BasicAck(e.DeliveryTag, false); 
        }

  

• Work队列模式

也称工作队列模式，竞争消费者模式，一个生产者，多个消费者，一个消息只能被一个消费者接收处理，Work模式有两种设置：循环调度和公平派遣，应用场景：效率高的消费者消费消息多。可以用来进行负载均衡

        //循环调度-创建队列
        private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
            connectionFactory.HostName = "192.168.116.2";
            connectionFactory.VirtualHost = "/demo";