Ubuntu上编译ARM程序

Ubuntu上编译ARM程序

前言

MacBook都直接采用arm架构的m1芯片了，arm越来越强大了。其实还能给嵌入式Linux开发者带来好处，虽然好处不是直接的。
Ubuntu的源上已经支持多架构，通俗讲就是可以在x86电脑上装上armhf的所有库文件。如果想把x86的程序编译成arm版本的，只需要将gcc改成arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc就可以实现了。

步骤

sudo dpkg --add-architecture armhf

修改软件源/etc/apt/sources.list
将原有每行前添加deb [arch=amd64,i386]
然后每行下面添加对应的armhf构架

deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ .....

最终修复示例：

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS _Bionic Beaver_ - Release amd64 (20190805)]/ bionic main restricted

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb [arch=amd64,i386] http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted
deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic main restricted
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb [arch=amd64,i386] http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted
deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb [arch=amd64,i386] http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic universe
deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic universe
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic universe
deb [arch=amd64,i386] http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates universe
deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic-updates universe

# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu 
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to 
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in 
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb [arch=amd64,i386] http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic multiverse
deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic multiverse

# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic multiverse
deb [arch=amd64,i386] http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates multiverse
deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic-updates multiverse

# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb [arch=amd64,i386] http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner

deb [arch=amd64,i386] http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted
deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic-security main restricted
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted
deb [arch=amd64,i386] http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security universe
deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic-security universe
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security universe
deb [arch=amd64,i386] http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security multiverse
deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ bionic-security multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security multiverse
deb https://typora.io/linux ./
# deb-src https://typora.io/linux ./

然后就可以update装库了：

sudo apt update
sudo apt install crossbuild-essential-armhf libjson-c-dev:armhf libcurl4-openssl-dev:armhf libuv4-dev:armhf libwebsockets8:armhf libwebsockets-dev:armhf

然后eclipse只需要修改gcc为arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc，不需要指定任何路径就可以编译链接成功。

参考：https://askubuntu.com/a/568468/220641