CountDownLatch
倒计时,做减法计算,count=0,唤醒阻塞线程。
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
new App().test();
}
public void test() throws InterruptedException {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
doTask();
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("耗时(s):" + (end - start) / 1000);
}
private void doTask() throws InterruptedException {
CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(10);
// 控制主线程最后执行
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
Thread thread = new Thread(()->{
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
countDownLatch.countDown();
});
thread.start();
}
countDownLatch.await();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " finish");
}
}
Thread-1
Thread-4
Thread-8
Thread-3
Thread-5
Thread-6
Thread-2
Thread-0
Thread-9
Thread-7
main finish
耗时(s):2
CyclicBarrier
可循环利用的屏障,做加法计算,count=屏障值(parties),唤醒阻塞线程。
相比
CountDownLatch
的一次性,CyclicBarrier
是可循环利用的。
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
new App().test();
}
public void test() {
CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(5, ()->{
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 等待完成后,优先执行该Runnable");
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 出发!");
});
// 可循环的栅栏,需要等待同伴(parties个)到齐。
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
Thread thread = new Thread(()->{
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
cyclicBarrier.await();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " finished");
} catch (InterruptedException | BrokenBarrierException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
});
thread.start();
}
try {
Thread.sleep(5000);
cyclicBarrier.await();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
} catch (InterruptedException | BrokenBarrierException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
Thread-0
Thread-3
Thread-2
Thread-1
main 等待完成后,优先执行该Runnable
main 出发!
main
Thread-0 finished
Thread-1 finished
Thread-3 finished
Thread-2 finished
Semaphore
控制最大的线程并发数,用来做流量控制。
好比疫情下,超市最大只允许n人购物,其他人只能在外等待里面的人出来。
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
new App().test();
}
public void test() {
Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(1);
// 控制执行线程数量
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
Thread thread = new Thread(()->{
try {
semaphore.acquire();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
semaphore.release();
}
});
thread.start();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
}
Thread-0
main
Thread-1
Thread-2
Thread-3
Thread-4
Thread-5
Thread-6
Thread-7
Thread-8
Thread-9
Exchanger
两个线程之间的数据交换,
Exchange
是 阻塞形式的,两个线程要都到达执行Exchange
函数才会交换。
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
new App().test();
}
public void test() {
Exchanger<String> exchanger = new Exchanger<>();
// 线程之间的数据交换
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
int finalI = i;
Thread thread = new Thread(() -> {
try {
String exchange = exchanger.exchange("我是线程" + finalI);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " exchange: " + exchange);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
});
thread.start();
}
}
}
Thread-3 exchange: 我是线程2
Thread-2 exchange: 我是线程3
Thread-0 exchange: 我是线程1
Thread-1 exchange: 我是线程0
附录-简单实现
利用wait和notify也可以自己简单实现上述四个类功能
/**
* MyCountDownLatch
* @author admin
*/
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyCountDownLatch countDownLatch = new MyCountDownLatch(2);
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(1);
countDownLatch.countDown();
}
}).start();
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Thread.sleep(3000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(2);
countDownLatch.countDown();
}
}).start();
try {
countDownLatch.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(3);
}
static class MyCountDownLatch {
int count = 0;
public MyCountDownLatch(int count) {
this.count = count;
}
public void await() throws InterruptedException {
synchronized (this) {
if (count > 0) {
wait();
}
}
}
public void countDown() {
synchronized (this) {
if (--count == 0) {
notifyAll();
}
}
}
}
}
/**
* MyCyclicBarrier
* @author admin
*/
public class App2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyCyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new MyCyclicBarrier(3);
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println("1---1");
cyclicBarrier.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("1---2");
}
}).start();
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println("2---1");
cyclicBarrier.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("2---2");
}
}).start();
try {
Thread.sleep(3000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("3---1");
try {
cyclicBarrier.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("3---2");
}
static class MyCyclicBarrier {
int count = 0;
int threadWaitNum;
public MyCyclicBarrier(int threadWaitNum) {
this.threadWaitNum = threadWaitNum;
}
public void await() throws InterruptedException {
synchronized (this) {
count++;
if (count == threadWaitNum) {
notifyAll();
} else {
wait();
}
}
}
}
}
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* MySemaphore
* @author admin
*/
public class App3 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MySemaphore semaphore = new MySemaphore(2);
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
Thread thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
semaphore.acquire();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()));
Thread.sleep(1000);
semaphore.release();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}, "线程-" + i);
thread.start();
}
}
static class MySemaphore {
int count = 0;
int permits;
public MySemaphore(int permits) {
this.permits = permits;
}
public void acquire() throws InterruptedException {
synchronized (this) {
if (count < permits) {
count++;
} else {
wait();
acquire();
}
}
}
public void release() throws InterruptedException {
synchronized (this) {
count--;
notify();
}
}
}
}
/**
* MyExchanger
*
* @author admin
*/
public class App4 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyExchanger<String> exchanger = new MyExchanger();
Thread thread = new Thread(() -> {
try {
String a = "AAAAA";
String b = exchanger.exchange(a);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + a + ", 交换后:" + b);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}, "线程-A");
thread.start();
Thread thread2 = new Thread(() -> {
try {
String b = "BBBBB";
String a = exchanger.exchange(b);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + b + ", 交换后:" + a);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}, "线程-B");
thread2.start();
}
static class MyExchanger<T> {
T value;
public T exchange(T exchangeValue) throws InterruptedException {
synchronized (this) {
if (value != null) {
T v = value;
value = exchangeValue;
notify();
return v;
} else {
value = exchangeValue;
wait();
return exchange(null);
}
}
}
}
}