Mycat数据库中间件初步实践

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-21 21:37:12 发布

hamish-wu

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-21 21:37:12 发布

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分类专栏： Mysql 文章标签： mycat 数据库中间件

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/keep_learn/article/details/88308460

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文章目录

认识Mycat

Mycat是一款数据库中间件，对于开发透明，可以快速便捷的对数据库进行垂直分库，具备热备份，负载均衡，读写分离的功能，是一款程序的数据库路由

一般试用数据规模比较大的应用，方便对数据库进行拓展。

Mycat下载与安装

官网：http://www.mycat.io/

linux 服务器直接下载：

wget http://dl.mycat.io/1.6-RELEASE/Mycat-server-1.6-RELEASE-20161028204710-linux.tar.gz

解压安装

tar -xvf Mycat-server-1.6-RELEASE-20161028204710-linux.tar.gz

命令启动

[root@crawlerdev bin]# ./mycat start

linux：
./mycat start 启动
./mycat stop 停止
./mycat console 前台运行
./mycat install 添加到系统自动启动（暂未实现）
./mycat remove 取消随系统自动启动（暂未实现）
./mycat restart 重启服务
./mycat pause 暂停
./mycat status 查看启动状态
win：
直接运行startup_nowrap.bat，如果出现闪退，在cmd 命令行运行，查看出错原因。

测试mycat与测试mysql完全一致，mysql怎么连接，mycat就怎么连接。

推荐先采用命令行测试：

mysql -uroot -proot -P8066 -h127.0.0.1

如果采用工具连接，1.4,1.3目前部分工具无法连接，会提示database not selected，建议采用高版本，navicat测试。1.5已经修复了部分工具连接。

Mycat多节点配置

配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">

	<schema name="node" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="dn1">
	<schema name="node2" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="dn2">
		<!-- auto sharding by id (long) 
		<table name="user" primaryKey="id"  dataNode="dn1,dn2"/>-->

		<!-- global table is auto cloned to all defined data nodes ,so can join
			with any table whose sharding node is in the same data node 
		<table name="company" primaryKey="ID" type="global" dataNode="dn1,dn2" />
		<table name="goods" primaryKey="ID" type="global" dataNode="dn1,dn2" />-->
		<!-- random sharding using mod sharind rule 
		<table name="hotnews" primaryKey="ID" autoIncrement="true" dataNode="dn1,dn2,dn3"
			   rule="mod-long" />-->
		<!-- <table name="dual" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="dnx,dnoracle2" type="global"
			needAddLimit="false"/> <table name="worker" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="jdbc_dn1,jdbc_dn2,jdbc_dn3"
			rule="mod-long" /> -->
		<!--<table name="employee" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="dn1,dn2"
			   rule="sharding-by-intfile" />
		<table name="customer" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="dn1,dn2"
			   rule="sharding-by-intfile">
			<childTable name="orders" primaryKey="ID" joinKey="customer_id"
						parentKey="id">
				<childTable name="order_items" joinKey="order_id"
							parentKey="id" />
			</childTable>
			<childTable name="customer_addr" primaryKey="ID" joinKey="customer_id"
						parentKey="id" />
		</table>-->
		<!-- <table name="oc_call" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="dn1$0-743" rule="latest-month-calldate"
			/> -->
	</schema>
	<!-- <dataNode name="dn1$0-743" dataHost="localhost1" database="db$0-743"
		/> -->
	<dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="localhost1" database="springdemo" />
	<dataNode name="dn2" dataHost="localhost2" database="springdemo" />
	<!-- <dataNode name="dn3" dataHost="localhost1" database="db3" />
	<dataNode name="dn4" dataHost="sequoiadb1" database="SAMPLE" />
	 <dataNode name="jdbc_dn1" dataHost="jdbchost" database="db1" />
	<dataNode	name="jdbc_dn2" dataHost="jdbchost" database="db2" />
	<dataNode name="jdbc_dn3" 	dataHost="jdbchost" database="db3" /> -->
	<dataHost name="localhost1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0"
			  writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
		<heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
		<writeHost host="localhost2" url="10.200.133.19:3306" user="channel_19"
				   password="wG@dUIVVkR" />
		 <!--<writeHost host="hostM2" url="localhost:3316" user="root" password="123456"/>-->
	</dataHost>



	<dataHost name="localhost2" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0"
                          writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
                <heartbeat>select 1</heartbeat>
                <!-- can have multi write hosts -->
                <writeHost host="hostM1" url="10.200.133.17:3306" user="channel_17" password="8HUma8n#Eg"/>
                
        </dataHost>

	<!--
		<dataHost name="sequoiadb1" maxCon="1000" minCon="1" balance="0" dbType="sequoiadb" dbDriver="jdbc">
		<heartbeat> 		</heartbeat>
		 <writeHost host="hostM1" url="sequoiadb://1426587161.dbaas.sequoialab.net:11920/SAMPLE" user="jifeng" 	password="jifeng"></writeHost>
		 </dataHost>

	  <dataHost name="oracle1" maxCon="1000" minCon="1" balance="0" writeType="0" 	dbType="oracle" dbDriver="jdbc"> <heartbeat>select 1 from dual</heartbeat>
		<connectionInitSql>alter session set nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'</connectionInitSql>
		<writeHost host="hostM1" url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:nange" user="base" 	password="123456" > </writeHost> </dataHost>

		<dataHost name="jdbchost" maxCon="1000" 	minCon="1" balance="0" writeType="0" dbType="mongodb" dbDriver="jdbc">
		<heartbeat>select 	user()</heartbeat>
		<writeHost host="hostM" url="mongodb://192.168.0.99/test" user="admin" password="123456" ></writeHost> </dataHost>

		<dataHost name="sparksql" maxCon="1000" minCon="1" balance="0" dbType="spark" dbDriver="jdbc">
		<heartbeat> </heartbeat>
		 <writeHost host="hostM1" url="jdbc:hive2://feng01:10000" user="jifeng" 	password="jifeng"></writeHost> </dataHost> -->

	<!-- <dataHost name="jdbchost" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0" dbType="mysql"
		dbDriver="jdbc"> <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat> <writeHost host="hostM1"
		url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306" user="root" password="123456"> </writeHost>
		</dataHost> -->
</mycat:schema>

server.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- - - Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 
	- you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - You 
	may obtain a copy of the License at - - http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 
	- - Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - 
	distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - WITHOUT 
	WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - See the 
	License for the specific language governing permissions and - limitations 
	under the License. -->
<!DOCTYPE mycat:server SYSTEM "server.dtd">
<mycat:server xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
	<system>
	<property name="nonePasswordLogin">0</property> <!-- 0为需要密码登陆、1为不需要密码登陆 ,默认为0，设置为1则需要指定默认账户-->
	<property name="useHandshakeV10">1</property>
	<property name="useSqlStat">0</property>  <!-- 1为开启实时统计、0为关闭 -->
	<property name="useGlobleTableCheck">0</property>  <!-- 1为开启全加班一致性检测、0为关闭 -->

		<property name="sequnceHandlerType">2</property>
	<property name="subqueryRelationshipCheck">false</property> <!-- 子查询中存在关联查询的情况下,检查关联字段中是否有分片字段 .默认 false -->
      <!--  <property name="useCompression">1</property>--> <!--1为开启mysql压缩协议-->
        <!--  <property name="fakeMySQLVersion">5.6.20</property>--> <!--设置模拟的MySQL版本号-->
	<!-- <property name="processorBufferChunk">40960</property> -->
	<!-- 
	<property name="processors">1</property> 
	<property name="processorExecutor">32</property> 
	 -->
        <!--默认为type 0: DirectByteBufferPool | type 1 ByteBufferArena | type 2 NettyBufferPool -->
		<property name="processorBufferPoolType">0</property>
		<!--默认是65535 64K 用于sql解析时最大文本长度 -->
		<!--<property name="maxStringLiteralLength">65535</property>-->
		<!--<property name="sequnceHandlerType">0</property>-->
		<!--<property name="backSocketNoDelay">1</property>-->
		<!--<property name="frontSocketNoDelay">1</property>-->
		<!--<property name="processorExecutor">16</property>-->
		<!--
			<property name="serverPort">8066</property> <property name="managerPort">9066</property> 
			<property name="idleTimeout">300000</property> <property name="bindIp">0.0.0.0</property> 
			<property name="frontWriteQueueSize">4096</property> <property name="processors">32</property> -->
		<!--分布式事务开关，0为不过滤分布式事务，1为过滤分布式事务（如果分布式事务内只涉及全局表，则不过滤），2为不过滤分布式事务,但是记录分布式事务日志-->
		<property name="handleDistributedTransactions">0</property>
		
			<!--
			off heap for merge/order/group/limit      1开启   0关闭
		-->
		<property name="useOffHeapForMerge">1</property>

		<!--
			单位为m
		-->
        <property name="memoryPageSize">64k</property>

		<!--
			单位为k
		-->
		<property name="spillsFileBufferSize">1k</property>

		<property name="useStreamOutput">0</property>

		<!--
			单位为m
		-->
		<property name="systemReserveMemorySize">384m</property>


		<!--是否采用zookeeper协调切换  -->
		<property name="useZKSwitch">false</property>

		<!-- XA Recovery Log日志路径 -->
		<!--<property name="XARecoveryLogBaseDir">./</property>-->

		<!-- XA Recovery Log日志名称 -->
		<!--<property name="XARecoveryLogBaseName">tmlog</property>-->
		<!--如果为 true的话 严格遵守隔离级别,不会在仅仅只有select语句的时候在事务中切换连接-->
		<property name="strictTxIsolation">false</property>
		
		<property name="useZKSwitch">true</property>
		
	</system>
	
	<!-- 全局SQL防火墙设置 -->
	<!--白名单可以使用通配符%或着*-->
	<!--例如<host host="127.0.0.*" user="root"/>-->
	<!--例如<host host="127.0.*" user="root"/>-->
	<!--例如<host host="127.*" user="root"/>-->
	<!--例如<host host="1*7.*" user="root"/>-->
	<!--这些配置情况下对于127.0.0.1都能以root账户登录-->
	<!--
	<firewall>
	   <whitehost>
	      <host host="1*7.0.0.*" user="root"/>
	   </whitehost>
       <blacklist check="false">
       </blacklist>
	</firewall>
	-->

	<user name="root" defaultAccount="true">
		<property name="password">123456</property>
		<property name="schemas">node</property>
		
		<!-- 表级 DML 权限设置 -->
		<!-- 		
		<privileges check="false">
			<schema name="TESTDB" dml="0110" >
				<table name="tb01" dml="0000"></table>
				<table name="tb02" dml="1111"></table>
			</schema>
		</privileges>		
		 -->
	</user>
	<user name="user">
		<property name="password">123456</property>
		<property name="schemas">node2</property>
		<property name="readOnly">true</property>
	</user>

</mycat:server>

注意

<schema name="node" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="dn1">

与

<user name="root" defaultAccount="true">
		<property name="password">123456</property>
		<property name="schemas">node</property>
		
		<!-- 表级 DML 权限设置 -->
		<!-- 		
		<privileges check="false">
			<schema name="TESTDB" dml="0110" >
				<table name="tb01" dml="0000"></table>
				<table name="tb02" dml="1111"></table>
			</schema>
		</privileges>		
		 -->
	</user>

配置对应

大小写无关

反例https://coding.imooc.com/learn/questiondetail/74573.html
验证：
在这里插入图片描述

基于Mycat 多租户数据隔离

mycat本事主要作用是数据库垂直分库

基于多个节点的配置可以实现数据库实例或者数据库级别的数据库隔离
或者配置为逻辑隔离

hamish-wu

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