range使用注意

1. 对字符串的遍历按照Unicode而不是byte

package main

import "log"

func main() {
	log.SetFlags(log.Ldate | log.Ltime | log.Lmicroseconds | log.Lshortfile)
	str := "程序员"
	for i, rune := range str {
		log.Printf("%v %q\n", i, rune)
	}
}

输出：

0 ‘程’
3 ‘序’
6 ‘员’

1. range在slice和map上迭代，并返回index，value时，其中的value是迭代对象中的元素副本，而不是指向副本的指针。

//log.SetFlags(log.Ldate | log.Ltime | log.Lmicroseconds | log.Lshortfile)
package main

import (
	"log"
	"reflect"
	"unsafe"
)

func main() {
	log.SetFlags(log.Ldate | log.Ltime | log.Lmicroseconds | log.Lshortfile)
	items := make([][]int, 10)
	for i, tmp := range items {
		log.Printf("items[%v] underlying fields addr:%+v| tmp underlying fields addr:%+v| tmp addr:%p\n",
			i, *(*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&items[i])), *(*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&tmp)), &tmp)
		tmp = make([]int, 1)
		tmp[0] = 2
		log.Printf("after assignment items[%v] underlying fields addr:%+v| tmp underlying fields addr:%+v| tmp addr:%p\n",
			i, *(*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&items[i])), *(*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&tmp)), &tmp)
	}
	log.Printf("%+v\n", items)// [[] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] []]
}

package main

import (
	"log"
)

func main() {
	log.SetFlags(log.Ldate | log.Ltime | log.Lmicroseconds | log.Lshortfile)
	items := make([][]int, 10)
	for i := range items {
		items[i] = make([]int, 1)
		items[i][0] = 2
	}
	log.Printf("%+v\n", items)//[[2] [2] [2] [2] [2] [2] [2] [2] [2] [2]]
}