4、NSString、NSArray

4、NSString、NSArray

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    @autoreleasepool {


        // 1.NSString 不可变字符串
        /*
        // 使用字面量创建不可变字符串对象
        NSString *str1 = @"字符串";

        // 使用初始化方法创建字符串对象
        NSString *str2 = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"567"];
        NSString *str3 = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%@", str2];

        NSLog(@"%@", str1);
        NSLog(@"%@", str2);
        NSLog(@"%@", str3);

        // 使用便利构造器创建字符串对象
        NSString *str4 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"字符串123 "];
        NSLog(@"%@", str4);

        // 获取字符串长度
        NSUInteger len = [str4 length];  // 给字符串对象发送length消息，可以获取字符串长度
        NSLog(@"%lu", len);

        // 判断后缀
        NSString *str5 = @"icon.png";
        BOOL b1 = [str5 hasSuffix:@"png"];
        NSLog(@"%d", b1);

        // 判断前缀
        BOOL b2 = [str5 hasPrefix:@"ic"];
        NSLog(@"%d", b2);

        // 截取子串
        NSString *str6 = [str5 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(3, 4)];
        NSLog(@"%@", str6);

        // 拼接字符串
        NSString *str7 = @"不是神奇的大炮哥";
        NSString *str8 = [str7 stringByAppendingString:@"-续集"];
        NSLog(@"%@", str8);

        // 替换字符串
        NSString *str8_1 = [str7 stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"神奇" withString:@"奇怪"];
        NSLog(@"str8_1 ：%@", str8_1);

        NSString *str8_2 = [str7 stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(2, 2) withString:@"奇怪"];
        NSLog(@"str8_2:%@", str8_2);

        // 字符串比较
        NSString *str9 = @"abc";
        NSString *str10 = @"abcd";
        NSComparisonResult res  = [str9 compare:str10];
        NSLog(@"%ld", res);

        // 字符串和数值类型转换
        NSString *str11 = @"100.9a";
        NSLog(@"%.2f", [str11 doubleValue]);

        // 大小写转换
        NSString *str12 = @"bAo bao";
        NSLog(@"str12:%@", [str12 lowercaseString]);
        NSLog(@"str12:%@", [str12 uppercaseString]);
        NSLog(@"str12:%@", [str12 capitalizedString]);


        // 2.可变字符串   能使用不可变字符串的方法，但是不可变字符串不能使用可变字符串的方法
        NSMutableString *mutableStu = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithFormat:@"abdef"];

        // 拼接
        [mutableStu appendString:@"gh"];
        NSLog(@"%@", mutableStu);

        // 删除
        [mutableStu deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(2, 2)];
        NSLog(@"%@", mutableStu);

        // 插入
        [mutableStu insertString:@"cccc" atIndex:3];
        NSLog(@"%@", mutableStu);

        // 修改
        [mutableStu replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(3, 3) withString:@"aaaaa"];
        NSLog(@"%@", mutableStu);
         */


        // 3.数组
        // 初始化
        NSArray *namesArray = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"a", @"b", nil];
        NSLog(@"%@", namesArray);

        // 便利构造器
        NSArray *namesArray2 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"a", @"b", nil];

        // 字面量,不需要加nil
        NSArray *namesArray3 = @[@"a a", @"b-b", @"cc", @""];

        // 获取元素个数
        NSLog(@"%lu", [namesArray3 count]);

        // 根据下标获取元素
        NSString *str1 = [namesArray3 objectAtIndex:2];
        NSString *str2 = namesArray3[2];

        // 根据对象获取下标
        NSInteger index = [namesArray3 indexOfObject:@"bb"];
        NSLog(@"%ld", index);

        // NSMutableArray
        NSMutableArray *mutableArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

        // 添加
        [mutableArray addObjectsFromArray:namesArray3];
        NSLog(@"%@", mutableArray);

        // 插入
        [mutableArray insertObject:@"bei cha ru" atIndex:1];
        NSLog(@"%@", mutableArray);

        // 删除
        [mutableArray removeObjectAtIndex:1];
        NSLog(@"%@", mutableArray);
        [mutableArray removeLastObject];

        // 根据下标交换两个元素
        [mutableArray exchangeObjectAtIndex:0 withObjectAtIndex:1];
        NSLog(@"%@", mutableArray);

        // 替换
        [mutableArray replaceObjectAtIndex:2 withObject:@"Z"];
        NSLog(@"%@", mutableArray);

    }
    return 0;
}