windows 下std::mutex和CRITICAL_SECTION性能对比

 测试结论是std::mutex明显效率要比CRITICAL_SECTION效率更高。以下代码是对一个变量进行多线程++操作，到一定数量后退出线程，然后计算整个过程耗时。测试结果显示std::mutex耗时明显低。另外测试发现std::mutex是不可重入的。

#include <iostream>
#include <mutex>
#include <windows.h>
#include <thread>
#pragma comment(lib, "Winmm.lib")
using namespace std;
 
std::mutex gMutex;
CRITICAL_SECTION gSec;
 
volatile int nMutexCount = 0;
volatile int nSecCount = 0;
 
int nMaxCount = 1000000;
 
void TestSec()
{
    while (true)
    {
		EnterCriticalSection(&gSec);
		nSecCount++;
		if (nSecCount >= nMaxCount)
		{
            LeaveCriticalSection(&gSec);
			break;
		}
        LeaveCriticalSection(&gSec);
    }
}
 
void TestMutex()
{
    while (true)
    {
		std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(gMutex);
        nMutexCount++;
        if (nMutexCount >= nMaxCount)
        {
            break;
        }
    }	
}
 
#include <vector>
vector<int> a{ 2,1,3,1,4 };
int main()
{
    InitializeCriticalSection(&gSec);
    std::thread pSec[10];
    std::thread pMute[10];
    DWORD dwStart = timeGetTime();
    for (int i = 0; i <10; i++)
    {
        pSec[i] = std::thread(TestSec);
    }
 
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{
        pSec[i].join();
	}
    printf("nSecCount:%d\r\n", nSecCount);
    printf("sec time is %d\r\n", timeGetTime() - dwStart);
 
    dwStart = timeGetTime();
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{
        pMute[i] = std::thread(TestMutex);
	}
 
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{
        pMute[i].join();
	}
 
    printf("nMutexCount:%d\r\n", nMutexCount);
    printf("mutex time is %d\r\n", timeGetTime() - dwStart);
    getchar();
}

测试结果：

nSecCount:1000009
sec time is 181
nMutexCount:1000009
mutex time is 43