c++多线程（十七） - std::mutex与windows临界区

1.std::mutex

#include "stdafx.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<thread>
#include<mutex>
#include<list>
using namespace std;

//lock()和unlock()要成对使用。
//分析需要保护的代码段
class MsgManage
{
public:
	MsgManage() {}
	~MsgManage() {}
	void InMsg()
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
		{
			cout << "插入元素: " << i << endl;
			myMutex.lock();
			myList.push_back(i);
			myMutex.unlock();
		}
	}

	bool outMsgProc(int &num)
	{
		myMutex.lock();
		if (!myList.empty())
		{
			num = myList.front();
			myList.pop_front();
			myMutex.unlock();
			return true;
		}
		myMutex.unlock();
		return false;
	}

	void OutMsg()
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
		{
			int num;
			bool result = outMsgProc(num);
			if (result)
			{
				cout << "移除元素: " << num << endl;
			}
			else
			{
				cout << "消息队列为空" << endl;
			}
		}
	}
private:
	list<int> myList;
	mutex myMutex;
};

int main()
{
	MsgManage manage;
	thread outMsg(&MsgManage::OutMsg, &manage);
	thread inMsg(&MsgManage::InMsg, &manage);
	inMsg.join();
	outMsg.join();

	return 0;
}

2.windows临界区

#include<iostream>
#include<thread>
#include<list>
#include<windows.h>
using namespace std;
class MsgManage
{
public:
	MsgManage()
	{
		InitializeCriticalSection(&myWInsec);//初始化windows临界区
	}
	~MsgManage() {}
	void InMsg()
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
		{
			cout << "插入元素: " << i << endl;
			EnterCriticalSection(&myWInsec); //进入临界区
			myList.push_back(i);
			LeaveCriticalSection(&myWInsec); //离开临界区		
		}
	}
	bool outMsgProc(int &num)
	{
		EnterCriticalSection(&myWInsec); //进入临界区
		if (!myList.empty())
		{
			num = myList.front();
			myList.pop_front();
			LeaveCriticalSection(&myWInsec); //离开临界区
			return true;
		}
		LeaveCriticalSection(&myWInsec); //离开临界区
		return false;
	}

	void OutMsg()
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
		{
			int num;
			bool result = outMsgProc(num);
			if (result)
			{
				cout << "移除元素: " << num << endl;
			}
			else
			{
				cout << "消息队列为空" << endl;
			}
		}
	}
private:
	list<int> myList;
	CRITICAL_SECTION myWInsec; //windows临界区
};

int main()
{
	MsgManage manage;
	thread outMsg(&MsgManage::OutMsg, &manage);
	thread inMsg(&MsgManage::InMsg, &manage);
	inMsg.join();
	outMsg.join();
	return 0;
}

3.综合

#include<iostream>
#include<thread>
#include<mutex>
#include<list>
#include<windows.h>
using namespace std;

#define _WINDOWSJQ_
class MsgManage
{
public:
	MsgManage()
	{
#ifdef _WINDOWSJQ_
		InitializeCriticalSection(&myWInsec);//初始化windows临界区
#endif 
	}
	~MsgManage() {}
	void InMsg()
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
		{
			cout << "插入元素: " << i << endl;
#ifdef _WINDOWSJQ_
			EnterCriticalSection(&myWInsec); //进入临界区
			myList.push_back(i);
			LeaveCriticalSection(&myWInsec); //离开临界区
#else
			myMutex.lock();
			myList.push_back(i);
			myMutex.unlock();
#endif 		
		}
	}

	bool outMsgProc(int &num)
	{
#ifdef _WINDOWSJQ_
		EnterCriticalSection(&myWInsec); //进入临界区
		if (!myList.empty())
		{
			num = myList.front();
			myList.pop_front();
			LeaveCriticalSection(&myWInsec); //离开临界区
			return true;
		}
		LeaveCriticalSection(&myWInsec); //离开临界区
#else
		myMutex.lock();
		if (!myList.empty())
		{
			num = myList.front();
			myList.pop_front();
			myMutex.unlock();
			return true;
		}
		myMutex.unlock();
#endif
		return false;
	}

	void OutMsg()
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
		{
			int num;
			bool result = outMsgProc(num);
			if (result)
			{
				cout << "移除元素: " << num << endl;
			}
			else
			{
				cout << "消息队列为空" << endl;
			}
		}
	}
private:
	list<int> myList;
	mutex myMutex;
#ifdef _WINDOWSJQ_
	CRITICAL_SECTION myWInsec; //windows临界区
#endif 
};

int main()
{
	MsgManage manage;
	thread outMsg(&MsgManage::OutMsg, &manage);
	thread inMsg(&MsgManage::InMsg, &manage);
	inMsg.join();
	outMsg.join();
	return 0;
}

4.总结

    通过对windows临界区和mutex实例测试，总结如下差异：

• 同一个线程，相同的临界区，允许多次进入。
• 同一个线程，相同的mutex对象，不允许多次lock()/unlock()