Bluetooth status you can get by
adb shell settings get global bluetooth_on
or
adb shell settings list global |grep ^bluetooth_on
Enable Bluetooth
adb shell settings put global bluetooth_on 1
Disable Bluetooth
adb shell settings put global bluetooth_on 0
Via am - Instead of request, use enable
adb shell am broadcast -a android.intent.action.BLUETOOTH_ENABLE --ez state true
Via Keyevents
adb shell am start -a android.settings.BLUETOOTH_SETTINGS
adb shell input keyevent 19
adb shell input keyevent 23