深度剖析HashSet

一. HashSet初识

HashSet是Java集合Set的一个实现类，Set是一个接口，其实现类除HashSet之外，还有TreeSet，并继承了Collection，HashSet集合很常用，同时也是程序员面试时经常会被问到的知识点，下面是结构图

还是一如既往地看一下类的注释

/**
 * This class implements the <tt>Set</tt> interface, backed by a hash table (actually a <tt>HashMap</tt> instance).  It makes no guarantees as to the iteration order of the set; 
 * in particular, it does not guarantee that the order will remain constant over time.  This class permits the <tt>null</tt> element.
 * 这个类实现了set 接口，并且有hash 表的支持(实际上是HashMap)，它不保证集合的迭代顺序
 * This class offers constant time performance for the basic operations(<tt>add</tt>, <tt>remove</tt>, <tt>contai