Python requests基本使用

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-11 22:33:10 发布

KingCruel

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-11 22:33:10 发布

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分类专栏： Python 文章标签： python 开发语言后端

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/kingcruel/article/details/121344580

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本文介绍了Python的requests库，包括全局安装、项目内安装、GET请求基础及带参数请求、下载图片、POST请求（'Content-Type':'application/json'和'Content-Type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'）等操作。通过实例展示了requests库在API调用和文件下载中的应用。

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1、Requests 全局安装
使用pip安装命令，打开doc窗口，输入【pip install requests】可以查看是否安装成功

pip install requests
pip install redis

2、项目内安装
文件 - 设置

项目 - Python 解释器

安装

3、get 基础请求

import requests

baidu_url = requests.get("https://www.baidu.com")
print(baidu_url.status_code)

4、get 参数请求

import requests

douban_url = "https://movie.douban.com/j/search_subjects"
douban_query = {
    "type": "movie",
    "tag": "华语",
    "page_limit": 20,
    "page_start": 0
}
douban_header = {
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36"
}
douban_request = requests.get(douban_url, params=douban_query, headers=douban_header)
# 打印请求的返回状态
print(douban_request.status_code)
# 打印请求的header
print(douban_request.request.headers)
# 打印结果
print(douban_request.json())

5、下载图片

import requests

douban_url = "https://movie.douban.com/j/search_subjects"
douban_query = {
    "type": "movie",
    "tag": "华语",
    "page_limit": 20,
    "page_start": 0
}
douban_header = {
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36"
}
douban_request = requests.get(douban_url, params=douban_query, headers=douban_header)
# 打印请求的返回状态
print(douban_request.status_code)
# 打印请求的header
print(douban_request.request.headers)
# 打印结果
print(douban_request.json())
# 请求返回的结果
douban_res_data = douban_request.json()
# 从结果中获取指定信息
subjects = douban_res_data.get('subjects')

for subjects in subjects:
    print(subjects.get('title'),subjects.get('cover'))
    file_name = subjects.get('title')
    file_url = subjects.get('cover')
    r = requests.get(file_url, headers=douban_header)
    with open(file_name+'.jpg', mode='wb') as file:
        file.write(r.content)

6、post 请求【'Content-Type': 'application/json'】

import requests

url = "http://10.20.100.200:8095/api/user"
req_body = {
    "user_name": "string",
    "user_code": "string"
}
req = requests.post(url, json=req_body) # 'Content-Type': 'application/json'
print(req.status_code)
print(req.request.headers)

7、post 请求【'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'】

import requests

url = "http://10.20.100.200:8095/api/user"
req_body = {
    "user_name": "string",
    "user_code": "string"
}
req = requests.post(url, data=req_body) # 'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
print(req.status_code)
print(req.request.headers)

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