复习
先前写过两个读取摄像头数据的小Demo复习内容:
OpenCV获取摄像头数据并显示在窗口里 Python实现
从摄像头中读取数据并写入文件
Cameo
这次是一个功能更加强大的Demo不仅仅是将摄像头获取的视频数据显示在窗口中,而且还可以通过快捷键来实现截屏、保存视频数据。
首先我们先来看看Cameo的主程序:
# -- coding: utf-8 --
import cv2
import os
from managers import WindowManager, CaptureManager
class Cameo(object):
def __init__(self):
'''创建一个窗口,写上按键的回调方法'''
self._windowManager = WindowManager('Cameo', self.onKeypress)
'''告诉程序数据来自摄像头, 还有镜面效果'''
self._captureManager = CaptureManager(cv2.VideoCapture(0), self._windowManager, True)
def run(self):
"""Run the main loop."""
self._windowManager.createWindow()
while self._windowManager.isWindowCreated:
'''这里的enterFrame就是告诉程序从摄像头中取数据'''
self._captureManager.enterFrame()
'''下面的这个frame是原始帧数据,这里没有做任何修改,后面的教程会对这个帧数据进行修改'''
frame = self._captureManager._frame
'''exitFrame看起来是像是退出的意思,其实主要功能都是在这里方法里实现的,截屏、录像都是在这里'''
self._captureManager.exitFrame()
self._windowManager.processEvents()
def onKeypress(self, keycode):
'''
快捷键设置:
当按下“空格”键的时候,会进行抓屏。
当按下‘tab’键的时候,就开始或者停止录像。
当然相应的目录也会生成图片或者视频文件
'''
if keycode == 32:#space
'''告诉程序,截屏保存的文件名字'''
self._captureManager.writeImage('changeOnePixel.png')
elif keycode == 9:#tab
if not self._captureManager.isWritingVideo:
'''告诉程序,录像保存的文件名字'''
self._captureManager.startWritingVideo('record.avi')
else:
self._captureManager.stopWritingVideo()
elif keycode == 27: #escape
self._windowManager.destroyWindow()
if __name__=="__main__":
Cameo().run()
功能类的实现
# -- coding: utf-8 --
import cv2
import numpy
import time
class CaptureManager(object):
def __init__(self, capture, previewWindowManager = None, shouldMirrorPreview = False):
self.previewWindowManager = previewWindowManager
self.shouldMirrorPreview = shouldMirrorPreview
self._capture = capture
self._channel = 0
self._enteredFrame = False
self._frame = None
self._imageFilename = None
self._videoFilename = None
self._videoEncoding = None
self._videoWriter = None
self._startTime = None
self._framesElapsed = long(0)
self._fpsEstimate = None
@property
def channel(self):
return self._channel
@channel.setter
def channel(self, value):
if self._channel != value:
self._channel = value
self._frame = None
@property
def frame(self):
if self._enteredFrame and self._frame is None:
_, self._frame = self._capture.retrieve()
return self._frame
@property
def isWritingImage(self):
return self._imageFilename is not None
@property
def isWritingVideo(self):
return self._videoFilename is not None
def enterFrame(self):
"""Capture the next frame, if any"""
assert not self._enteredFrame, \
'previous enterFrame() had no mathcing exitFrame'
if self._capture is not None:
self._enteredFrame = self._capture.grab()
'''程序里最复杂的就是这方法了,担负了视频显示、视频视频录制、截屏保存的功能。'''
def exitFrame (self):
"""Draw to the window. Write to files. Release the frame"""
if self.frame is None:
self._enteredFrame = False
return
if self._framesElapsed == 0:
self._startTime = time.time()
else:
timeElapsed = time.time() - self._startTime
self._fpsEstimate = self._framesElapsed / timeElapsed
self._framesElapsed += 1
if self.previewWindowManager is not None:
if self.shouldMirrorPreview:
mirroredFrame = numpy.fliplr(self._frame).copy()
self.previewWindowManager.show(mirroredFrame)
else:
self.previewWindowManager.show(self._frame)
'''将生成截屏文件'''
if self.isWritingImage:
cv2.imwrite(self._imageFilename, self._frame)
self._imageFilename = None
'''在这里进行录像'''
self._writeVideoFrame()
self._frame = None
self._enteredFrame = False
def writeImage(self, filename):
"""Wirte the next exited frame to an image file."""
self._imageFilename = filename
def startWritingVideo(self, filename, encodeing = cv2.VideoWriter_fourcc('I', '4', '2', '0')):
"""Start wirting exited frames to a video file."""
self._videoFilename = filename
self._videoEncoding = encodeing
def stopWritingVideo(self):
"""Stop writing eited frames to a video file."""
self._videoFilename = None
self._videoEncodding = None
self._videoWriter = None
def _writeVideoFrame(self):
if not self.isWritingVideo:
return
if self._videoWriter is None:
fps = self._capture.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FPS)
if fps == 0.0:
if self._framesElapsed < 20:
return
else:
fps = self._fpsEstimate
size = (int(self._capture.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH)), int(self._capture.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT)))
self._videoWriter = cv2.VideoWriter(self._videoFilename, self._videoEncoding, fps, size)
self._videoWriter.write(self._frame)
class WindowManager(object):
def __init__(self, windowName, keypressCallback = None):
self.keypressCallback = keypressCallback
self._windowName = windowName
self._isWindowCreated = False
@property
def isWindowCreated(self):
return self._isWindowCreated
def createWindow(self):
cv2.namedWindow(self._windowName)
self._isWindowCreated = True
def show(self, frame):
cv2.imshow(self._windowName, frame)
def destroyWindow(self):
cv2.destroyWindow(self._windowName)
self._isWindowCreated = False
def processEvents(self):
keycode = cv2.waitKey(1)
if self.keypressCallback is not None and keycode != 255:
#Discard any non-ASCII info encoded by GTK.
keycode &= 0xFF
self.keypressCallback(keycode)