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Executor、ExecutorService、Executors三者的区别:
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UML简要类图关系
层次关系
public interface ExecutorService extends Executor {}
public abstract class AbstractExecutorService implements ExecutorService {}
public interface ScheduledExecutorService extends ExecutorService {}
public class ThreadPoolExecutor extends AbstractExecutorService {}
public class ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor extends ThreadPoolExecutor implements ScheduledExecutorService {}
区别
1.ExecutorService 接口继承了Executor 接口,是Executor 的子接口。
2.Executor接口中定义了execute()方法,用来接收一个Runnable接口的对象,
而ExecutorService接口中定义的submit()方法可以接收Runnable和Callable接口对象。
3.Executor接口中execute()方法不返回任何结果,而ExecutorService接口中submit()方法可以通过一个 Future 对象返回运算结果。
4.Executor和ExecutorService除了允许客户端提交一个任务,ExecutorService 还提供用来控制线程池的方法。
比如:调用 shutDown() 方法终止线程池。
5.Executors 类提供工厂方法用来创建不同类型的线程池。比如:
Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor() 创建一个只有一个线程的线程池,
Executors.newFixedThreadPool(int numOfThreads)来创建固定线程数的线程池,
Executors.newCachedThreadPool()创建一个可缓存线程池,如果线程池长度超过处理需要,可灵活回收空闲线程,若无可回收,则新建线程。
Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(int corePoolSize) 创建一个线程池,它可安排在给定延迟后运行命令或者定期地执行。
三者部分源代码
public interface Executor {
void execute(Runnable command);
}
public interface ExecutorService extends Executor {
void shutdown();
List<Runnable> shutdownNow();
boolean isShutdown();
boolean isTerminated();
boolean awaitTermination(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException;
<T> Future<T> submit(Callable<T> task);
<T> Future<T> submit(Runnable task, T result);
Future<?> submit(Runnable task);
<T> List<Future<T>> invokeAll(Collection<? extends Callable<T>> tasks) throws InterruptedException;
<T> List<Future<T>> invokeAll(Collection<? extends Callable<T>> tasks, throws InterruptedException;
<T> T invokeAny(Collection<? extends Callable<T>> tasks) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException;