使用 RSA 加密技术首先需要知道几个技术概念：
Base64：
1. 是一种基于64个可打印字符来表示二进制数据的表示方法。
2. Base64常用于在通常处理文本数据的场合，表示、传输、存储一些二进制数据
3. 通俗的说法是将二进制数据和文本字符串进行互转的一种格式
RSA
1. RSA 加密，它一种加密算法配合的特定的机制完成加密功能
2. RSA加密是对数据的字节数组（byte[]）进行加密的,所以，需要使用Base64编码进行解码和解码
3. RSA 的加密机制是先用RSA秘钥生成器生成一个公钥，一个秘钥，用公钥对信息加密，用私钥对信息解密
### Base64 编码的工具类Java代码(直接使用）
package com.jerry.util;
/**
* 将字节数组进行编码解码为Base64格式的工具类
*/
public class RSABase64 {
static private final int BASELENGTH = 128;
static private final int LOOKUPLENGTH = 64;
static private final int TWENTYFOURBITGROUP = 24;
static private final int EIGHTBIT = 8;
static private final int SIXTEENBIT = 16;
static private final int FOURBYTE = 4;
static private final int SIGN = -128;
static private final char PAD = '=';
static private final boolean fDebug = false;
static final private byte[] base64Alphabet = new byte[BASELENGTH];
static final private char[] lookUpBase64Alphabet = new char[LOOKUPLENGTH];
static {
for (int i = 0; i < BASELENGTH; ++i) {
base64Alphabet[i] = -1;
}
for (int i = 'Z'; i >= 'A'; i--) {
base64Alphabet[i] = (byte) (i - 'A');
}
for (int i = 'z'; i >= 'a'; i--) {
base64Alphabet[i] = (byte) (i - 'a' + 26);
}
for (int i = '9'; i >= '0'; i--) {
base64Alphabet[i] = (byte) (i - '0' + 52);
}
base64Alphabet['+'] = 62;
base64Alphabet['/'] = 63;
for (int i = 0; i <= 25; i++) {
lookUpBase64Alphabet[i] = (char) ('A' + i);
}
for (int i = 26, j = 0; i <= 51; i++, j++) {
lookUpBase64Alphabet[i] = (char) ('a' + j);
}
for (int i = 52, j = 0; i <= 61; i++, j++) {
lookUpBase64Alphabet[i] = (char) ('0' + j);
}
lookUpBase64Alphabet[62] = (char) '+';
lookUpBase64Alphabet[63] = (char) '/';
}
private static boolean isWhiteSpace(char octect) {
return (octect == 0x20 || octect == 0xd || octect == 0xa || octect == 0x9);
}
private static boolean isPad(char octect) {
return (octect == PAD);
}
private static boolean isData(char octect) {
return (octect < BASELENGTH && base64Alphabet[octect] != -1);
}
/**
* Encodes hex octects into Base64
*
* @param binaryData Array containing binaryData
* @return Encoded Base64 array
*/
public static String encode(byte[] binaryData) {
if (binaryData == null) {
return null;
}
int lengthDataBits = binaryData.length * EIGHTBIT;
if (lengthDataBits == 0) {
return "";
}
int fewerThan24bits = lengthDataBits % TWENTYFOURBITGROUP;
int numberTriplets = lengthDataBits / TWENTYFOURBITGROUP;
int numberQuartet = fewerThan24bits != 0 ? numberTriplets + 1 : numberTriplets;
char encodedData[] = null;
encodedData = new char[numberQuartet * 4];
byte k = 0, l = 0, b1 = 0, b2 = 0, b3 = 0;
int encodedIndex = 0;
int dataIndex = 0;
if (fDebug) {
System.out.println("number of triplets = " + numberTriplets);
}
for (int i = 0; i < numberTriplets; i++) {
b1 = binaryData[dataIndex++];
b2 = binaryData[dataIndex++];
b3 = binaryData[dataIndex++];
if (fDebug) {
System.out.println("b1= " + b1 + ", b2= " + b2 + ", b3= " + b3);
}
l = (byte) (b2 & 0x0f);
k = (byte) (b1 & 0x03);
byte val1 = ((b1 & SIGN) == 0) ? (byte) (b1 >> 2) : (byte) ((b1) >> 2 ^ 0xc0);
byte val2 = ((b2 & SIGN) == 0) ? (byte) (b2 >> 4) : (byte) ((b2) >> 4 ^ 0xf0);
byte val3 = ((b3 & SIGN) == 0) ? (byte) (b3 >> 6) : (byte) ((b3) >> 6 ^ 0xfc);
if (fDebug) {
System.out.println("val2 = " + val2);
System.out.println("k4 = " + (k << 4));
System.out.println("vak = " + (val2 | (k << 4)));
}
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[val1];
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[val2 | (k << 4)];
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[(l << 2) | val3];
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[b3 & 0x3f];
}
// form integral number of 6-bit groups
if (fewerThan24bits == EIGHTBIT) {
b1 = binaryData[dataIndex];
k = (byte) (b1 & 0x03);
if (fDebug) {
System.out.println("b1=" + b1);
System.out.println("b1<<2 = " + (b1 >> 2));
}
byte val1 = ((b1 & SIGN) == 0) ? (byte) (b1 >> 2) : (byte) ((b1) >> 2 ^ 0xc0);
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[val1];
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[k << 4];
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = PAD;
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = PAD;
} else if (fewerThan24bits == SIXTEENBIT) {
b1 = binaryData[dataIndex];
b2 = binaryData[dataIndex + 1];
l = (byte) (b2 & 0x0f);
k = (byte) (b1 & 0x03);
byte val1 = ((b1 & SIGN) == 0) ? (byte) (b1 >> 2) : (byte) ((b1) >> 2 ^ 0xc0);
byte val2 = ((b2 & SIGN) == 0) ? (byte) (b2 >> 4) : (byte) ((b2) >> 4 ^ 0xf0);
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[val1];
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[val2 | (k << 4)];
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = lookUpBase64Alphabet[l << 2];
encodedData[encodedIndex++] = PAD;
}
return new String(encodedData);
}
/**
* Decodes Base64 data into octects
*
* @param encoded string containing Base64 data
* @return Array containind decoded data.
*/
public static byte[] decode(String encoded) {
if (encoded == null) {
return null;
}
char[] base64Data = encoded.toCharArray();
// remove white spaces
int len = removeWhiteSpace(base64Data);
if (len % FOURBYTE != 0) {
return null;//should be divisible by four
}
int numberQuadruple = (len / FOURBYTE);
if (numberQuadruple == 0) {
return new byte[0];
}
byte decodedData[] = null;
byte b1 = 0, b2 = 0, b3 = 0, b4 = 0;
char d1 = 0, d2 = 0, d3 = 0, d4 = 0;
int i = 0;
int encodedIndex = 0;
int dataIndex = 0;
decodedData = new byte[(numberQuadruple) * 3];
for (; i < numberQuadruple - 1; i++) {
if (!isData((d1 = base64Data[dataIndex++])) || !isData((d2 = base64Data[dataIndex++]))
|| !isData((d3 = base64Data[dataIndex++]))
|| !isData((d4 = base64Data[dataIndex++]))) {
return null;
}//if found "no data" just return null
b1 = base64Alphabet[d1];
b2 = base64Alphabet[d2];
b3 = base64Alphabet[d3];
b4 = base64Alphabet[d4];
decodedData[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (b1 << 2 | b2 >> 4);
decodedData[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (((b2 & 0xf) << 4) | ((b3 >> 2) & 0xf));
decodedData[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (b3 << 6 | b4);
}
if (!isData((d1 = base64Data[dataIndex++])) || !isData((d2 = base64Data[dataIndex++]))) {
return null;//if found "no data" just return null
}
b1 = base64Alphabet[d1];
b2 = base64Alphabet[d2];
d3 = base64Data[dataIndex++];
d4 = base64Data[dataIndex++];
if (!isData((d3)) || !isData((d4))) {//Check if they are PAD characters
if (isPad(d3) && isPad(d4)) {
if ((b2 & 0xf) != 0)//last 4 bits should be zero
{
return null;
}
byte[] tmp = new byte[i * 3 + 1];
System.arraycopy(decodedData, 0, tmp, 0, i * 3);
tmp[encodedIndex] = (byte) (b1 << 2 | b2 >> 4);
return tmp;
} else if (!isPad(d3) && isPad(d4)) {
b3 = base64Alphabet[d3];
if ((b3 & 0x3) != 0)//last 2 bits should be zero
{
return null;
}
byte[] tmp = new byte[i * 3 + 2];
System.arraycopy(decodedData, 0, tmp, 0, i * 3);
tmp[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (b1 << 2 | b2 >> 4);
tmp[encodedIndex] = (byte) (((b2 & 0xf) << 4) | ((b3 >> 2) & 0xf));
return tmp;
} else {
return null;
}
} else { //No PAD e.g 3cQl
b3 = base64Alphabet[d3];
b4 = base64Alphabet[d4];
decodedData[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (b1 << 2 | b2 >> 4);
decodedData[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (((b2 & 0xf) << 4) | ((b3 >> 2) & 0xf));
decodedData[encodedIndex++] = (byte) (b3 << 6 | b4);
}
return decodedData;
}
/**
* remove WhiteSpace from MIME containing encoded Base64 data.
*
* @param data the byte array of base64 data (with WS)
* @return the new length
*/
private static int removeWhiteSpace(char[] data) {
if (data == null) {
return 0;
}
// count characters that's not whitespace
int newSize = 0;
int len = data.length;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
if (!isWhiteSpace(data[i])) {
data[newSize++] = data[i];
}
}
return newSize;
}
}
RSA 工具类
package com.jerry.util;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
/**
* RSA 加密界面工具类
*
*/
public class RSAEncrypt
{
private final static String DESKEY = "12345678";
/**
* 字节数据转字符串专用集合
*/
private static final char[] HEX_CHAR = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6',
'7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f' };
public static void genKeyPair(String filePath){
KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = null;
try{
// 1. 创建秘钥生成器
keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
}catch(NoSuchAlgorithmException e){
System.out.println("没有这个算法");
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 2.初始化秘钥对生成器（1024位长度的加密)
keyPairGen.initialize(2048, new SecureRandom());
// 3.生成一个秘钥对
KeyPair keypair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
// 4.得到私钥和公钥
RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keypair.getPrivate();
RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keypair.getPublic();
// 5.得到公钥私钥字符串
try{
// 5.1 得到公钥字符串
String publicKeyString = RSABase64.encode(publicKey.getEncoded());
System.out.println("加密前的公钥为:"+publicKeyString);
String desPublicKeyString = Des2.encode(DESKEY, publicKeyString);
System.out.println("加密后的公钥为:"+desPublicKeyString);
// 5.2得到私钥字符串
String privateKeyString = RSABase64.encode(privateKey.getEncoded());
System.out.println("加密前的私钥为:"+privateKeyString);
String desPrivateKeyString = Des2.encode(DESKEY, privateKeyString);
System.out.println("加密后的私钥为:"+desPrivateKeyString);
// 6. 将秘钥对写入到文件
FileWriter pubfw = new FileWriter(filePath + "/publicKey");
FileWriter prifw = new FileWriter(filePath + "/privateKey");
BufferedWriter pubbw = new BufferedWriter(pubfw);
BufferedWriter pribw = new BufferedWriter(prifw);
pubbw.write(desPublicKeyString);
pribw.write(desPrivateKeyString);
System.out.println("将公钥私钥已存入文件中");
pubbw.flush();
pubbw.close();
pubfw.close();
pribw.flush();
pribw.close();
prifw.close();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 从文件中输入流中加载公钥
*
* @param in
* 公钥输入流
* @throws Exception
* 加载公钥时产生的异常
*/
public static String loadPublicKeyByFile(String path) throws Exception {
try {
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(path
+ "/publicKey"));
String readLine = null;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
while ((readLine = br.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(readLine);
}
br.close();
String desPublickeyString = sb.toString();
System.out.println("读取公钥前的字符串为:"+desPublickeyString);
String publicKeyString = new String(Des2.decode(DESKEY, RSABase64.decode(desPublickeyString)));
System.out.println("经过DES解密后的公钥的字符串为:"+publicKeyString);
return publicKeyString;
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new Exception("公钥数据流读取错误");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("公钥输入流为空");
}
}
/**
* 从字符串中加载公钥
*
* @param publicKeyStr
* 公钥数据字符串
* @throws Exception
* 加载公钥时产生的异常
*/
public static RSAPublicKey loadPublicKeyByStr(String publicKeyStr)
throws Exception {
try {
byte[] buffer = RSABase64.decode(publicKeyStr);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(buffer);
return (RSAPublicKey) keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("无此算法");
} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
throw new Exception("公钥非法");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("公钥数据为空");
}
}
/**
* 从文件中加载私钥
*
* @param keyFileName
* 私钥文件名
* @return 是否成功
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String loadPrivateKeyByFile(String path) throws Exception {
try {
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(path
+ "/privateKey"));
String readLine = null;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
while ((readLine = br.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(readLine);
}
br.close();
String desresultString = sb.toString();
System.out.println("读取私钥前的字符串为:"+desresultString);
String privateKeyString = new String(Des2.decode(DESKEY, RSABase64.decode(desresultString)));
System.out.println("经过DES解密后的私钥的字符串为:"+privateKeyString);
return privateKeyString;
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new Exception("私钥数据读取错误");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("私钥输入流为空");
}
}
public static RSAPrivateKey loadPrivateKeyByStr(String privateKeyStr)
throws Exception {
try {
byte[] buffer = RSABase64.decode(privateKeyStr);
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(buffer);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
return (RSAPrivateKey) keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("无此算法");
} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
throw new Exception("私钥非法");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("私钥数据为空");
}
}
/**
* 公钥加密过程
*
* @param publicKey
* 公钥
* @param plainTextData
* 明文数据
* @return
* @throws Exception
* 加密过程中的异常信息
*/
public static byte[] encrypt(RSAPublicKey publicKey, byte[] plainTextData)
throws Exception {
if (publicKey == null) {
throw new Exception("加密公钥为空, 请设置");
}
Cipher cipher = null;
try {
// 使用默认RSA
cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
// cipher= Cipher.getInstance("RSA", new BouncyCastleProvider());
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
byte[] output = cipher.doFinal(plainTextData);
return output;
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("无此加密算法");
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
throw new Exception("加密公钥非法,请检查");
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
throw new Exception("明文长度非法");
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
throw new Exception("明文数据已损坏");
}
}
/**
* 私钥加密过程
*
* @param privateKey
* 私钥
* @param plainTextData
* 明文数据
* @return
* @throws Exception
* 加密过程中的异常信息
*/
public static byte[] encrypt(RSAPrivateKey privateKey, byte[] plainTextData)
throws Exception {
if (privateKey == null) {
throw new Exception("加密私钥为空, 请设置");
}
Cipher cipher = null;
try {
// 使用默认RSA
cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
byte[] output = cipher.doFinal(plainTextData);
return output;
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("无此加密算法");
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
throw new Exception("加密私钥非法,请检查");
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
throw new Exception("明文长度非法");
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
throw new Exception("明文数据已损坏");
}
}
/**
* 私钥解密过程
*
* @param privateKey
* 私钥
* @param cipherData
* 密文数据
* @return 明文字节数组
* @throws Exception
* 解密过程中的异常信息
*/
public static byte[] decrypt(RSAPrivateKey privateKey, byte[] cipherData)
throws Exception {
if (privateKey == null) {
throw new Exception("解密私钥为空, 请设置");
}
Cipher cipher = null;
try {
// 使用默认RSA
cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
// cipher= Cipher.getInstance("RSA", new BouncyCastleProvider());
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
byte[] output = cipher.doFinal(cipherData);
return output;
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("无此解密算法");
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
throw new Exception("解密私钥非法,请检查");
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
throw new Exception("密文长度非法");
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
throw new Exception("密文数据已损坏");
}
}
/**
* 公钥解密过程
*
* @param publicKey
* 公钥
* @param cipherData
* 密文数据
* @return 明文字节数组
* @throws Exception
* 解密过程中的异常信息
*/
public static byte[] decrypt(RSAPublicKey publicKey, byte[] cipherData)
throws Exception {
if (publicKey == null) {
throw new Exception("解密公钥为空, 请设置");
}
Cipher cipher = null;
try {
// 使用默认RSA
cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
// cipher= Cipher.getInstance("RSA", new BouncyCastleProvider());
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
byte[] output = cipher.doFinal(cipherData);
return output;
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("无此解密算法");
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
throw new Exception("解密公钥非法,请检查");
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
throw new Exception("密文长度非法");
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
throw new Exception("密文数据已损坏");
}
}
/**
* 字节数据转十六进制字符串
*
* @param data
* 输入数据
* @return 十六进制内容
*/
public static String byteArrayToString(byte[] data) {
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
// 取出字节的高四位 作为索引得到相应的十六进制标识符 注意无符号右移
stringBuilder.append(HEX_CHAR[(data[i] & 0xf0) >>> 4]);
// 取出字节的低四位 作为索引得到相应的十六进制标识符
stringBuilder.append(HEX_CHAR[(data[i] & 0x0f)]);
if (i < data.length - 1) {
stringBuilder.append(' ');
}
}
return stringBuilder.toString();
}
/**
* 传入路径和字符保存内容
* 用于将加密的字符串保存到文件中
* @param path 文件路径
* @param text 字符内容
*/
public static void saveTextByPath(String path,String text) throws Exception {
try {
FileWriter pubfw = new FileWriter(path);
BufferedWriter pubbw = new BufferedWriter(pubfw);
pubbw.write(text);
System.out.println("加密字符已存入已存入文件中");
pubbw.flush();
pubbw.close();
pubfw.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new Exception("加密字符数据流存入错误");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("加密字符输入流为空");
}
}
}
RSA 加密解密工具
package persion.jerry.util;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
/**
* RSA 加密界面工具
*
*/
public class RSAEncrypt
{
/**
* 字节数据转字符串专用集合
*/
private static final char[] HEX_CHAR = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6',
'7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f' };
private static final String RSA = "RSA";
// filePath 需要包含生成文件的文件名比较 privateKey.txt
public static void genKeyPair(String filePath){
KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = null;
try{
// 1. 创建秘钥生成"
keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(RSA);
}catch(NoSuchAlgorithmException e){
System.out.println("There is no such algorithm");
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 2.初始化秘钥对生成器（算法长度可以定义1024或者2048)
keyPairGen.initialize(2048, new SecureRandom());
// 3.生成公钥私钥
KeyPair keypair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
// 4.得到私钥和公钥
RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keypair.getPrivate();
RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keypair.getPublic();
// 5.得到公钥私钥字符"
try{
// 5.1 得到公钥字符（将公钥的bytes数组形式用base64转换为String类型的数据）
String publicKeyString = RSABase64.encode(publicKey.getEncoded());
// 5.2得到私钥字符（将私钥的bytes数组形式用base64转换为String类型的数据）
String privateKeyString = RSABase64.encode(privateKey.getEncoded());
// 6. 将秘钥对写入到文件中
FileWriter pubfw = new FileWriter(filePath);
FileWriter prifw = new FileWriter(filePath);
BufferedWriter pubbw = new BufferedWriter(pubfw);
BufferedWriter pribw = new BufferedWriter(prifw);
pubbw.write(publicKeyString);
pribw.write(privateKeyString);
System.out.println("将公钥私钥已存入文件 "+filePath+"中");
pubbw.flush();
pubbw.close();
pubfw.close();
pribw.flush();
pribw.close();
prifw.close();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 从文件中输入流中加载公钥
*
* @param in 公钥输入
* @throws Exception 加载公钥时产生的异常
*/
public static String loadPublicKeyByFile(String path) throws Exception {
try {
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(path));
String readLine = null;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
while ((readLine = br.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(readLine);
}
br.close();
String publickeyString = sb.toString();
System.out.println("公钥的字符串为："+publickeyString);
return publickeyString;
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new Exception("Public key data stream read wrong");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("The public key input stream is empty");
}
}
/**
* 从字符串中加载公"
*
* @param publicKeyStr
* 公钥数据字符"
* @throws Exception
* 加载公钥时产生的异常
*/
public static RSAPublicKey loadPublicKeyByStr(String publicKeyStr)
throws Exception {
try {
byte[] buffer = RSABase64.decode(publicKeyStr);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(RSA);
X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(buffer);
return (RSAPublicKey) keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("无此算法");
} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
throw new Exception("公钥非法");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("公钥数据为空");
}
}
/**
* 从文件中加载私钥
*
* @param keyFileName
* 私钥文件"
* @return 是否成功
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String loadPrivateKeyByFile(String path) throws Exception {
try {
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(path));
String readLine = null;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
while ((readLine = br.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(readLine);
}
br.close();
return sb.toString();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new Exception("私钥数据读取错误");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("私钥输入流为");
}
}
/**
* 将私钥字符串转换成私钥对象
* @param privateKeyStr
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static RSAPrivateKey loadPrivateKeyByStr(String privateKeyStr)
throws Exception {
try {
byte[] buffer = RSABase64.decode(privateKeyStr);
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(buffer);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(RSA);
return (RSAPrivateKey) keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("无此算法");
} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
throw new Exception("私钥非法");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("私钥数据为空");
}
}
/**
* 公钥加密过程
*
* @param publicKey
* 公钥
* @param plainTextData
* 明文数据
* @return
* @throws Exception
* 加密过程中的异常信息
*/
public static byte[] encrypt(RSAPublicKey publicKey, byte[] plainTextData)
throws Exception {
if (publicKey == null) {
throw new Exception("加密公钥为空, 请设");
}
Cipher cipher = null;
try {
// 使用默认RSA
cipher = Cipher.getInstance(RSA);
// cipher= Cipher.getInstance(RSA, new BouncyCastleProvider());
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
byte[] output = cipher.doFinal(plainTextData);
return output;
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("无此加密算法");
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
throw new Exception("加密公钥非法,请检");
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
throw new Exception("明文长度非法");
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
throw new Exception("明文数据已损");
}
}
/**
* 私钥加密过程
*
* @param privateKey
* 私钥
* @param plainTextData
* 明文数据
* @return
* @throws Exception
* 加密过程中的异常信息
*/
public static byte[] encrypt(RSAPrivateKey privateKey, byte[] plainTextData)
throws Exception {
if (privateKey == null) {
throw new Exception("加密私钥为空, 请设");
}
Cipher cipher = null;
try {
// 使用默认RSA
cipher = Cipher.getInstance(RSA);
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
byte[] output = cipher.doFinal(plainTextData);
return output;
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("无此加密算法");
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
throw new Exception("加密私钥非法,请检");
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
throw new Exception("明文长度非法");
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
throw new Exception("明文数据已损");
}
}
/**
* 私钥解密过程
*
* @param privateKey
* 私钥
* @param cipherData
* 密文数据
* @return 明文
* @throws Exception
* 解密过程中的异常信息
*/
public static byte[] decrypt(RSAPrivateKey privateKey, byte[] cipherData)
throws Exception {
if (privateKey == null) {
throw new Exception("解密私钥为空, 请设");
}
Cipher cipher = null;
try {
// 使用默认RSA
cipher = Cipher.getInstance(RSA);
// cipher= Cipher.getInstance(RSA, new BouncyCastleProvider());
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
byte[] output = cipher.doFinal(cipherData);
return output;
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("无此解密算法");
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
throw new Exception("解密私钥非法,请检");
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
throw new Exception("密文长度非法");
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
throw new Exception("密文数据已损");
}
}
/**
* 公钥解密过程
*
* @param publicKey
* 公钥
* @param cipherData
* 密文数据
* @return 明文
* @throws Exception
* 解密过程中的异常信息
*/
public static byte[] decrypt(RSAPublicKey publicKey, byte[] cipherData)
throws Exception {
if (publicKey == null) {
throw new Exception("解密公钥为空, 请设");
}
Cipher cipher = null;
try {
// 使用默认RSA
cipher = Cipher.getInstance(RSA);
// cipher= Cipher.getInstance(RSA, new BouncyCastleProvider());
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
byte[] output = cipher.doFinal(cipherData);
return output;
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("无此解密算法");
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
throw new Exception("解密公钥非法,请检");
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
throw new Exception("密文长度非法");
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
throw new Exception("密文数据已损");
}
}
/**
* 字节数据转十六进制字符串
*
* @param data
* 输入数据
* @return 十六进制内容
*/
public static String byteArrayToString(byte[] data) {
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
// 取出字节的高四位 作为索引得到相应的十六进制标识符 注意无符号右"
stringBuilder.append(HEX_CHAR[(data[i] & 0xf0) >>> 4]);
// 取出字节的低四位 作为索引得到相应的十六进制标识符
stringBuilder.append(HEX_CHAR[(data[i] & 0x0f)]);
if (i < data.length - 1) {
stringBuilder.append(' ');
}
}
return stringBuilder.toString();
}
/**
* 保存字符串到指定的路径
* @param path
* @param text
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void saveTextByPath(String path,String text) throws Exception {
try {
FileWriter pubfw = new FileWriter(path);
BufferedWriter pubbw = new BufferedWriter(pubfw);
pubbw.write(text);
System.out.println("加密字符已存入已存入文件");
pubbw.flush();
pubbw.close();
pubfw.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new Exception("加密字符数据流读取错");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("加密字符输入流为");
}
}
}
测试方法
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
/**
* 测试生成秘钥对--> 使用公钥加密 --> 使用私钥解密的类
* @author jerry
*
*/
public class MainRSATest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String filepath = "C:/rsatemp/"; // 路径
String plainText="this String need to jiami"; // 待加密的字符串
// ------- 1 --生成公钥 和私钥(第一次执行)--------
RSAEncrypt.genKeyPair(filepath); // 1.1 调用生成方法生成，填入生公钥秘钥的存放路径
System.out.println("--------------公钥加密私钥解密过程-------------------");
// ------- 2 --公钥加密字符串过程---------------
// 2.1 将字符串转换成字节数组
byte[] byteArrayplainText = plainText.getBytes();
// 2.2 根据路径获取公钥字符串
String publickeyString = RSAEncrypt.loadPublicKeyByFile(filepath);
// 2.3 根据公钥字符串转换为公钥对象
RSAPublicKey rsaPublicKey = RSAEncrypt.loadPublicKeyByStr(publickeyString);
// 2.4 根据公钥和待加密的字节数组进行加密，返回字节数组密文
byte[] cipherData=RSAEncrypt.encrypt(rsaPublicKey,byteArrayplainText);
// 2.5 将字节数组按照base64编码格式编码，转换成加密后字符串密文
String cipher = RSABase64.encode(cipherData);
// ------- 3 --私钥解密过程--------------------
// 3.1 将加密好的字符串密文转换为字节数组
byte[] miwenbyteArray = RSABase64.decode(cipher);
// 3.2 根据路径获取密文的字符串
String privatekeyString = RSAEncrypt.loadPrivateKeyByFile(filepath);
// 3.3 将密文字符串转换为密文对象
RSAPrivateKey rsaprivateKey = RSAEncrypt.loadPrivateKeyByStr(privatekeyString);
// 3.4 使用秘钥对象和加密数据进行解密，输出解密后的字节数据
byte[] res = RSAEncrypt.decrypt(rsaprivateKey,miwenbyteArray);
// 3.5 创建String对象传入数组转换成可识别的字符串
String restr = new String(res);
System.out.println("原文："+plainText);
System.out.println("加密并经过Base64编码后的文字："+cipher);
System.out.println("解密后的文字："+restr);
}
}
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