利用RMAN备份集手动建立Dataguard备库
之前的帖子使用的都是duplicate在线传输方式搭建备库，现已通过实验验证可以通过手动的方式建立ADG备库。
1、主库全备
run
{
backup database format '/u01/rman/fulldb_%d_%U.bak' tag 'full_db';
backup archivelog all format '/u01/rman/fullarch_%d_%U.bak' tag 'full_arch';
backup current controlfile format '/u01/rman/control_%U_.bak' tag 'full_control';
}
2、在主库创建standby 控制文件
SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/u01/rman/control01.ctl';
3、主库的RMAN备份传送到备库
[oracle@pri ~]$ scp /u01/rman/*.bak oracle@std:/u01/rman
[oracle@pri ~]$ scp /u01/rman/control01.ctl oracle@std:/u01/rman
4、备库创建对应的pfile
[oracle@std dbs]$ cat initorcl.ora
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_trail='NONE'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_unique_name='std'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=300m
*.processes=1000
*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
*.sga_target=700m
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(std,orcl)'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=/u01/arch/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=std'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=orcl LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc'
*.FAL_SERVER='orcl'
*.fal_client='std'
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/std/orcl/'
*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/std/orcl/'
*.standby_file_management=AUTO
5、启动到nomount注册rman备份目录
startup nomount;
RMAN> restore controlfile from '/u01/rman/control_0gtmlnai_1_1_.bak';
Starting restore at 2019/01/06 17:41:38
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl
Finished restore at 2019/01/06 17:41:45
RMAN> alter database mount;
database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
RMAN> catalog start with '/u01/rman';
searching for all files that match the pattern /u01/rman
List of Files Unknown to the Database
=====================================
File Name: /u01/rman/control_0gtmlnai_1_1_.bak
Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes
cataloging files...
cataloging done
List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /u01/rman/control_0gtmlnai_1_1_.bak
6、还原数据文件到备库（指向相对应目录）
查询主库数据文件路径
SQL> select
2 'set newname for datafile ' || file# || ' to ' || '''' || name || '''' || ';'
3 from v$datafile;
'SETNEWNAMEFORDATAFILE'||FILE#||'TO'||''''||NAME||''''||';'
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
set newname for datafile 1 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 2 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 3 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 4 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 5 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/admin.dbf';
run
{
allocate channel c1 device type disk;
allocate channel c2 device type disk;
allocate channel c3 device type disk;
set newname for datafile 1 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/std/orcl/system01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 2 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/std/orcl/sysaux01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 3 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/std/orcl/undotbs01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 4 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/std/orcl/users01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 5 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/std/orcl/admin.dbf';
restore database;
switch datafile all;
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
release channel c3;
}
输出过程：
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: c1
channel c1: SID=16 device type=DISK
allocated channel: c2
channel c2: SID=20 device type=DISK
allocated channel: c3
channel c3: SID=21 device type=DISK
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting restore at 2019/01/06 18:16:48
channel c1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel c1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/std/orcl/system01.dbf
channel c1: restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/std/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
channel c1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/std/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
channel c1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/std/orcl/users01.dbf
channel c1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/std/orcl/admin.dbf
channel c1: reading from backup piece /u01/rman/fulldb_ORCL_0dtmln3a_1_1.bak
channel c1: piece handle=/u01/rman/fulldb_ORCL_0dtmln3a_1_1.bak tag=FULL_DB
channel c1: restored backup piece 1
channel c1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:36
Finished restore at 2019/01/06 18:18:24
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP=996862706 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/std/orcl/system01.dbf
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=9 STAMP=996862706 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/std/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=10 STAMP=996862706 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/std/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=11 STAMP=996862706 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/std/orcl/users01.dbf
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=12 STAMP=996862706 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/std/orcl/admin.dbf
released channel: c1
released channel: c2
released channel: c3
7、使用standby控制文件替换原数据文件
RMAN> shutdown immediate;
[oracle@std orcl]$ cp /u01/rman/control01.ctl .
[oracle@std orcl]$ ll
total 9808
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 10043392 Jan 6 18:24 control01.ctl
[oracle@std orcl]$ cp control01.ctl control02.ctl
8、打开备库的日志应用（开启MRP)
SQL> startup mount;
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect;
Database altered.
SQL> !ps -ef|grep mrp
oracle 4505 1 2 18:28 ? 00:00:00 ora_mrp0_orcl
oracle 4512 4433 0 18:28 pts/5 00:00:00 /bin/bash -c ps -ef|grep mrp
oracle 4514 4512 0 18:28 pts/5 00:00:00 grep mrp
观察MRP以及RFS进程
SQL> SELECT PROCESS, STATUS,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,BLOCK#,BLOCKS, DELAY_MINS FROM V$MANAGED_STANDBY;
PROCESS STATUS THREAD#
--------------------------- ------------------------------------ ----------
SEQUENCE# BLOCK# BLOCKS DELAY_MINS
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
ARCH CONNECTED 0
0 0 0 0
ARCH CLOSING 1
99 26624 1186 0
ARCH CONNECTED 0
0 0 0 0
PROCESS STATUS THREAD#
--------------------------- ------------------------------------ ----------
SEQUENCE# BLOCK# BLOCKS DELAY_MINS
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
ARCH CONNECTED 0
0 0 0 0
RFS IDLE 0
0 0 0 0
RFS IDLE 1
100 275 1 0
PROCESS STATUS THREAD#
--------------------------- ------------------------------------ ----------
SEQUENCE# BLOCK# BLOCKS DELAY_MINS
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
RFS IDLE 0
0 0 0 0
MRP0 APPLYING_LOG 1
99 19897 27809 0
RFS IDLE 0
0 0 0 0
9 rows selected.
9、打开备库到open状态
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-10456: cannot open standby database; media recovery session may be in
progress
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect;
Database altered.
10、检查备库日志以及应用情况
SQL> select thread#,sequence#,first_time,next_time,applied from v$archived_log where applied='NO';
no rows selected
SQL> SELECT PROCESS, STATUS,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,BLOCK#,BLOCKS, DELAY_MINS FROM V$MANAGED_STANDBY;
PROCESS STATUS THREAD#
--------------------------- ------------------------------------ ----------
SEQUENCE# BLOCK# BLOCKS DELAY_MINS
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
ARCH CONNECTED 0
0 0 0 0
ARCH CLOSING 1
99 26624 1186 0
ARCH CONNECTED 0
0 0 0 0
PROCESS STATUS THREAD#
--------------------------- ------------------------------------ ----------
SEQUENCE# BLOCK# BLOCKS DELAY_MINS
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
ARCH CONNECTED 0
0 0 0 0
RFS IDLE 0
0 0 0 0
RFS IDLE 1
100 396 1 0
PROCESS STATUS THREAD#
--------------------------- ------------------------------------ ----------
SEQUENCE# BLOCK# BLOCKS DELAY_MINS
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
RFS IDLE 0
0 0 0 0
MRP0 APPLYING_LOG 1
100 396 102400 0
RFS IDLE 0
0 0 0 0
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