【12c】RMAN 与 DataGuard

由于主库和备库的db_name相同的，只是db_unique_name不同，可以使用备库进行数据库的备份，从而减轻主库备份的负担。本篇演示DataGuard环境下RMAN工具的使用。

1 查看主库RMAN配置

[oracle@sz ~]$ rman target / catalog rman/rman@catdb



Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Sun Apr 26 21:49:56 2020



Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.



connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1565938253)

connected to recovery catalog database



RMAN> show all;



RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name ORCL are:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default

CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default

CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default

CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default

CONFIGURE DB_UNIQUE_NAME 'orcl' CONNECT IDENTIFIER 'shzhen';

CONFIGURE DB_UNIQUE_NAME 'orcldg' CONNECT IDENTIFIER 'shhai';

CONFIGURE RMAN OUTPUT TO KEEP FOR 7 DAYS; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO APPLIED ON ALL STANDBY;

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_orcl.f'; # default



RMAN>

2 查看备库RMAN配置

[oracle@sh ~]$ rman target / catalog rman/rman@catdb



Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Sun Apr 26 21:50:16 2020



Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.



connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1565938253)

connected to recovery catalog database



RMAN> show all;



RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name ORCLDG are:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default

CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default

CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default

CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default

CONFIGURE DB_UNIQUE_NAME 'orcl' CONNECT IDENTIFIER 'shzhen';

CONFIGURE DB_UNIQUE_NAME 'orcldg' CONNECT IDENTIFIER 'shhai';

CONFIGURE RMAN OUTPUT TO KEEP FOR 7 DAYS; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_orcldg.f'; # default



RMAN>

3 备库进行数据库的备份

对主备用数据库进行RMAN配置后，接下来就可以将物理备库作为RMAN的目标数据库进行连接，将原来在主库上的备份操作完全移至备库。由于备库本质上是主库的物理副本，因此，不论在主库备份，还是在备库备份，在恢复和还原数据库时，两者时通用的、可以互换的，但需注意的是，在RMAN中查看和管理备份时，它们还是和dB_UNIQUE_NAME相关联的。

[oracle@sh ~]$ rman target sys/system@shhai catalog rman/rman@catdb



Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Sun Apr 26 22:49:07 2020



Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.



connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1565938253)

connected to recovery catalog database



RMAN> backup database plus archivelog;





Starting backup at 26-APR-20

current log archived at primary database

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=21 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set

channel ORA_