PPA是什么?
PPA的缩写是Personal Package Archives。简单的说就是社区中大家可以贡献出你自己的package,然后大家可以通过添加你的PPA,然后下载安装你提供的package。所以PPA是一种很常见的安装软件的方式
怎么使用PPA安装?
我们以安装最新版的nodejs为例:
sudo apt-get update #更新
sudo apt-get install python-software-properties #这里面含有add-apt-repository
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:chris-lea/node.js #添加PPA
sudo apt-get update #更新
sudo apt-get install nodejs #安装nodejs,这样你得到的就是最新的nodejs安装包进行安装
验证安装结果:
nodejs -v
=> v0.10.29
如何在Puppet中使用PPA?
参考Puppet Learning中的Ordering一章:http://docs.puppetlabs.com/learning/ordering.html
exec { 'init-update':
command => 'apt-get update',
path => '/usr/bin'
}
class { 'apt':
always_apt_update => true,
require => Exec['init-update']
}
anchor { 'nodejs::repo': }
apt::ppa { 'ppa:chris-lea/node.js':
before => Anchor['nodejs::repo'],
}
package { 'nodejs':
require => Anchor['nodejs::repo']
}
很多软件、运行时都有自己的、或者第三方提供的还算靠谱的package,使用PPA的方式进行安装,能够让你学会一种方法,就可以安装多种软件。比如,安装ruby2.1:
anchor { 'ruby::repo': }
apt::ppa { 'ppa:brightbox/ruby-ng':
before => Anchor['ruby::repo']
}
package { 'ruby2.1':
require => Anchor['ruby::repo']
}
当然,也有稍微特殊一点儿的,需要你提供更多输入的安装。比如安装oracle java时,你需要accept license
anchor { 'java8::repo': }
apt::ppa { 'ppa:webupd8team/java':
before => Anchor['java8::repo']
}
exec { 'select-oracle-jdk-license':
command => 'echo oracle-java8-installer shared/accepted-oracle-license-v1-1 select true | /usr/bin/debconf-set-selections',
path => '/bin'
}
package { 'oracle-java8-installer':
require => [ Anchor['java8::repo'], Exec['select-oracle-jdk-license'] ]
}
如何在Ansible中使用PPA?
- name: update apt cache (if out of date)
#Updates it only every 4 hours
apt: update_cache=yes cache_valid_time={{ 60*60*4 }}
sudo: true
- name: Make sure the ansible required dependencies are installed
apt:
pkg: python-pycurl
state: present
- name: Add the ruby2 repository
apt_repository:
repo: ppa:brightbox/ruby-ng
state: present
- name: Install the ruby2 package
apt:
pkg: ruby2.1
state: present
参考资料:
puppet cookbook:http://www.puppetcookbook.com/posts/restart-a-service-when-a-file-changes.html