LNMP分离搭建

kiyomi_de

已于 2024-06-04 11:39:14 修改

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文章标签： android

于 2019-08-27 19:53:17 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/kiyomi_de/article/details/100106464

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环境说明

服务器	ip地址	应用	操作系统
httpd	192.168.199.176	nginx	centos7/redhat7
mysql	192.168.199.155	mysql	centos7/redhat7
php	192.168.199.156	php	centos7/redhat7

安装nginx：

创建系统用户nginx

[root@lihuaixin ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

安装依赖环境

[root@lihuaixin ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel gd-devel gcc gcc-c++
[root@lihuaixin ~]# yum -y groups mark install 'Development Tools'

创建日志存放目录

[root@lihuaixin ~]# mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
[root@lihuaixin ~]# chown -R nginx.nginx /var/log/nginx

下载nginx

[root@lihuaixin ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@lihuaixin src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz

编译安装

[root@lihuaixin src]# ls
debug  kernels  nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz
[root@lihuaixin src]# tar xf nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz 
[root@lihuaixin src]# cd nginx-1.14.0
[root@lihuaixin nginx-1.14.0]# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
> --user=nginx \
> --group=nginx \
> --with-debug \
> --with-http_ssl_module \
> --with-http_realip_module \
> --with-http_gunzip_module \
> --with-http_gzip_static_module \
> --with-http_stub_status_module \
> --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
> --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log
编译过程略。。
[root@lihuaixin nginx-1.14.0]# make -j $(grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l) && make install
编译过程略。。

安装nginx后的配置：
设置环境变量

[root@lihuaixin ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[root@lihuaixin ~]# . /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh

启动nginx

[root@lihuaixin ~]# nginx
[root@lihuaixin ~]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128           *:80                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128           *:22                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100    127.0.0.1:25                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128          :::22                       :::*                  
LISTEN      0      100         ::1:25                       :::*

安装mysql：
安装依赖包

[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel

创建用户和组

[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@qiaobenhuannai src]# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
[root@qiaobenhuannai src]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin -g 306 -u 306 mysql

下载二进制格式的mysql软件包

[root@qiaobenhuannai src]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.22-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@qiaobenhuannai src]# ls
debug  kernels  mysql-5.7.22-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@qiaobenhuannai src]# tar xf mysql-5.7.22-el7-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@qiaobenhuannai src]# cd /usr/local/
[root@qiaobenhuannai local]# ls
bin  games    lib    libexec                              sbin   src
etc  include  lib64  mysql-5.7.22-el7-x86_64  share
[root@qiaobenhuannai local]# ln -sv mysql-5.7.22-el7-x86_64/ mysql
"mysql" -> "mysql-5.7.22-el7-x86_64/"
[root@qiaobenhuannai local]# ll
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 3月  10 2016 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 3月  10 2016 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 3月  10 2016 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 3月  10 2016 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 3月  10 2016 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 3月  10 2016 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 3月  10 2016 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root  36 8月   9 16:51 mysql -> mysql-5.7.22-el7-x86_64/
drwxr-xr-x  9 root root 129 8月   9 16:49 mysql-5.7.22-el7-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 3月  10 2016 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root  49 3月  22 05:40 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 3月  10 2016 src

修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组

[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# ll /usr/local/mysql -d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 36 8月   9 16:51 /usr/local/mysql -> mysql-5.7.22-el7-x86_64/

添加环境变量

[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql
bin  COPYING  docs  include  lib  man  README  share  support-files
[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/path/to/somewhere:/root/bin

建立数据存放目录

[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@qiaobenhuannai mysql]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@qiaobenhuannai mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
[root@qiaobenhuannai mysql]# ll /opt/
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 6 8月   9 16:58 data

初始化数据库

[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data/
2019-08-09T09:03:18.377614Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2019-08-09T09:03:19.505559Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2019-08-09T09:03:19.702416Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2019-08-09T09:03:19.781667Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 885dea72-ba84-11e9-b0d7-000c292d42f9.
2019-08-09T09:03:19.784018Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2019-08-09T09:03:19.788513Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: /_Kip9WmiMs%
[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# echo "/_Kip9WmiMs%" > pass
[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# cat pass 
/_Kip9WmiMs%

此处最后会生成一个随机临时密码，每个人都不一样，建议保存下来方便后面改密码

配置mysql

[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/local/include/mysql
"/usr/local/include/mysql" -> "/usr/local/mysql/include/"
[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# ldconfig -v
ldconfig: 无法对 /libx32 进行 stat 操作: 没有那个文件或目录
ldconfig: 多次给出路径“/usr/lib”
ldconfig: 多次给出路径“/usr/lib64”
ldconfig: 无法对 /usr/libx32 进行 stat 操作: 没有那个文件或目录
/usr/lib64/mysql:
	libmysqlclient.so.18 -> libmysqlclient_r.so
/usr/local/mysql/lib:
	libmysqlclient.so.20 -> libmysqlclient.so.20.3.9
/lib:
/lib64:
	libarchive.so.13 -> libarchive.so.13.1.2
	libldb.so.1 -> libldb.so.1.1.29
	libsmbclient.so.0 -> libsmbclient.so.0.2.3
	libtdb.so.1 -> libtdb.so.1.3.12
	libtevent.so.0 -> libtevent.so.0.9.31
	libwbclient.so.0 -> libwbclient.so.0.13
	libtevent-util.so.0 -> libtevent-util.so.0.0.1
	libtalloc.so.2 -> libtalloc.so.2.1.9
	libsmbldap.so.0 -> libsmbldap.so.0
	libndr-standard.so.0 -> libndr-standard.so.0.0.1
	libnfsidmap.so.0 -> libnfsidmap.so.0.3.0
	libsmbconf.so.0 -> libsmbconf.so.0
	.....
	/lib/sse2: (hwcap: 0x0000000004000000)
/lib64/sse2: (hwcap: 0x0000000004000000)
/lib64/tls: (hwcap: 0x8000000000000000)

[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# ldconfig -p |grep mysql
	libmysqlclient.so.20 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.20
	libmysqlclient.so.18 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.18
	libmysqlclient.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so
	libmysqlclient.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so

生成配置文件

[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF

[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
EOF

配置启动服务脚本

[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# sed -ri 's#^(basedir=).*#\1/usr/local/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# sed -ri 's#^(datadir=).*#\1/opt/data#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld

启动mysql服务

[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/data/qiaobenhuannai.err'.
... SUCCESS! 
[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root       2904      1  0 11:35 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/data --pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid
mysql      3082   2904 22 11:35 pts/0    00:00:02 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/opt/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=qiaobenhuannai.err --pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root       3118   2859  0 11:35 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128       *:111                   *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128       *:22                    *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100    127.0.0.1:25                    *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128      :::111                  :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128      :::22                   :::*                  
LISTEN      0      100     ::1:25                   :::*                  
LISTEN      0      80       :::3306

修改数据库的密码
使用上面保存的临时密码登录

[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# cat pass 
/_Kip9WmiMs%
[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.22

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> set password = password('qiaobenhuannai');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye
[root@qiaobenhuannai ~]# mysql -uroot -pqiaobenhuannai
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.22 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

安装php：
由于后面要安装php但是本地源里没有，所有要先安装网络源

[root@huannai ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@huannai yum.repos.d]# ls
a.out  bendi.repo  redhat.repo  YY
[root@huannai yum.repos.d]# rm -rf *     删除本地源，否则冲突
[root@huannai yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@huannai yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's/\$releasever/7/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@huannai yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's/^enabled=.*/enabled=1/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@huannai yum.repos.d]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@huannai yum.repos.d]# cd
[root@huannai ~]# rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm

安装依赖包

[root@huannai ~]# yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel  libpcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel php72w-mysqlnd

可能需要一会，耐心等待

下载php

[root@huannai ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@huannai src]# wget http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-7.2.8.tar.xz

anz编译工具

[root@huannai ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++

编译安装php

[root@huannai src]# ls
debug  kernels  php-7.2.8.tar.xz
[root@huannai src]# tar xf php-7.2.8.tar.xz
[root@huannai src]# cd php-7.2.8
[root@huannai php-7.2.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7  \
> --with-config-file-path=/etc \
> --enable-fpm \
> --enable-inline-optimization \
> --disable-debug \
> --disable-rpath \
> --enable-shared \
> --enable-soap \
> --with-openssl \
> --enable-bcmath \
> --with-iconv \
> --with-bz2 \
> --enable-calendar \
> --with-curl \
> --enable-exif  \
> --enable-ftp \
> --with-gd \
> --with-jpeg-dir \
> --with-png-dir \
> --with-zlib-dir \
> --with-freetype-dir \
> --with-gettext \
> --enable-json \
> --enable-mbstring \
> --enable-pdo \
> --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
> --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
> --with-readline \
> --enable-shmop \
> --enable-simplexml \
> --enable-sockets \
> --enable-zip \
> --enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \
> --with-pear \
> --enable-pcntl \
> --enable-posix



   [root@qiaoben php-7.2.8]# make -j  1
    此处后面为系统核心数，在公司的可以留1核给其他用户使用可以使用top查看核心数，给的核心数越多越快，本机只有一核所以慢成狗
    编译过程略
    [root@qiaoben php-7.2.8]# make install
    安装过程略

安装后配置

[root@huannai php-7.2.8]# cd
[root@huannai ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/php7/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@huannai ~]# source /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@huannai ~]# which php
/usr/local/php7/bin/php
[root@huannai ~]# php -v
PHP 7.2.8 (cli) (built: Aug 10 2019 12:41:58) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies

配置php-fpm（必须在下面目录中完成）

[root@huannai ~]# cd /usr/src/php-7.2.8
[root@huannai php-7.2.8]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
cp：是否覆盖"/etc/php.ini"？ 
[root@huannai php-7.2.8]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@huannai php-7.2.8]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
[root@huannai php-7.2.8]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@huannai php-7.2.8]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

编辑php-fpm的配置文件（/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf）：

[root@huannai php-7.2.8]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
........
pm.max_children = 50    #最多同时提供50个进程提供50个并发服务
pm.start_servers = 5    #启动时启动5个进程
pm.min_spare_servers = 2    #最小空闲进程数
pm.max_spare_servers = 8    #最大空闲进程数
[root@huannai php-7.2.8]# tail /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
; files from a glob(3) pattern. This directive can be used everywhere in the
; file.
; Relative path can also be used. They will be prefixed by:
;  - the global prefix if it's been set (-p argument)
;  - /usr/local/php7 otherwise
include=/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf
pm.max_children = 50   
pm.start_servers = 5   
pm.min_spare_servers = 2  
pm.max_spare_servers = 8

启动php-fpm

[root@huannai ~]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm  done

默认情况下，fpm监听在127.0.0.1的9000端口，也可以使用如下命令验证其是否已经监听在相应的套接字

[root@huannai ~]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128       *:22                    *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100    127.0.0.1:25                    *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128    127.0.0.1:9000                  *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128      :::22                   :::*                  
LISTEN      0      100     ::1:25                   :::*                  
[root@huannai ~]# ps -ef |grep php
root      30819      1  0 13:25 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf)
nobody    30820  30819  0 13:25 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    30821  30819  0 13:25 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    30822  30819  0 13:25 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    30823  30819  0 13:25 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    30824  30819  0 13:25 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
root      30832   4066  0 13:25 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto php

以上在三个服务器上安装nginx，mysql，php后做如下操作

在nginx服务端：

[root@lihuaixin ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
error_log  logs/error.log;    #取消此行注释，开启错误日志

 server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  192.168.199.156;    #此处改为php端ip


location / {
            root   /www/qiaoben;            #为创建的存放index.php的目录
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;     #加入index.php
        }

location ~ \.php$ {                               #取消此处的所有注释，并修改配置
            root           /www/qiaoben;        #存放目录
            fastcgi_pass   192.168.199.156:9000;       #php端ip
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }

创建存放目录

[root@lihuaixin ~]# mkdir -p /www/qiaoben
[root@lihuaixin ~]# cd /www/qiaoben/
[root@lihuaixin qiaoben]# vim index.php 
<?php
    phpinfo();
?>

[root@lihuaixin ~]# chown root.root /www/
[root@lihuaixin ~]# chmod -R 777 /www/
[root@lihuaixin ~]# ll /www/qiaoben/
总用量 4
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 8月  27 18:38 index.php

在php服务端：

打开php的配置文件
[root@huannai ~]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
  listen = 192.168.199.156:9000		# 找到此行将自己的ip地址监听
  ;listen.allowed_clients = 192.168.199.176		#找到此行将nginx地址设置可访问

创建存放目录

[root@lihuaixin ~]# mkdir -p /www/qiaoben
[root@lihuaixin ~]# cd /www/qiaoben/
[root@lihuaixin qiaoben]# vim index.php 
<?php
    phpinfo();
?>

[root@lihuaixin ~]# chown root.root /www/
[root@lihuaixin ~]# chmod -R 777 /www/
[root@lihuaixin ~]# ll /www/qiaoben/
总用量 4
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 8月  27 18:38 index.php

php和nginx都要有网站目录并且路径相同文件相同

重启php服务和nginx服务

[root@lihuaixin ~]# nginx -s reload
State       Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128           *:80                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128           *:22                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100    127.0.0.1:25                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128          :::22                       :::*                  
LISTEN      0      100         ::1:25                       :::* 


[root@huannai ~]# service php-fpm restart
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done
Starting php-fpm  done
[root@huannai ~]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128           *:22                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100    127.0.0.1:25                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128    192.168.199.156:9000                      *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128          :::22                       :::*                  
LISTEN      0      100         ::1:25                       :::*

验证
修改/etc/hosts文件，添加域名与IP的映射
因为是要在Windows里验证，所以我们去修改Windows里的hosts文件
目录是C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc下的hosts，可以把它先拖到桌面用记事本修改保存，再拖回去，如果没有这个文件可以自行创建。

   加入以下域名和ip
  192.168.199.174   www.qiaoben.com

在这里插入图片描述

kiyomi_de

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LNMP分离搭建

环境说明服务器ip地址应用操作系统httpd192.168.199.176httpdcentos7/redhat7mysql192.168.199.155mysqlcentos7/redhat7php192.168.199.156phpcentos7/redhat7安装nginx：创建系统用户nginx[root@lihuaixin...
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