object-c --语法系列(一)

  创建 classes

   @interface

    

#import<Foundation/NSObject.h>  

    /*NSObject:NeXTStep Object 的缩写*/   
@interface Fration:NSObjecct


   /*继承(inheritance) class: Parent */
{
   int numerator;
   int denominator; 
   /*instance variables*/
}
  
-(void) print;
-(void )setNumerator:(int) d;
-(void)setDenominator:(int) d;
-(int) numerator;
-(int) denominator;
  /*Instance methods跟在成员变量后，格式为 scope| (returnType) methodName:(parameterlType)parmeter|Name*/
@end
 /*Interface 以一个@end作为结束*/






@Implementation
     Fraction.m
  
#import "Fration.h"
#import <stdio.h>

@implementation Fration
-(void) print
 {
    printf("%i/%i",numerator,denomintor);

-(void) setNumerator:(int) n
{
    numerator=n;
}

-(void) setDenominator:(int) d
{
   denominator=d;
}

-(int) denominator
{
   return denominator;
}

-(int) numerator
{
  return numerator;
 }

interface+implements
#import<stdio.h>
#impoet  "Fraction.h"

int main(int argc,const char *argv[])
{
    //create a new instance
    Fraction * frac=[[Fraction alloc] init];  /* 在oc中，呼叫method的方法是[object method] c++ object->method()*/
    /*[object init]是一个建钩子(constructor)呼叫，负责初始化对象中的所有变量，它呼叫了，[FRACTION ALLOC]传回的instance上的nit method*/
    //set the values
    /*呼叫了 frac上的setNumeraton 传入1作为参数*/
    [frac setNumeraton: 1];
    [frac setDenominator: 3];
    //print it
    printf("The fraction is:");
    [frac print];
    printf("\n");
     //free memory
    /*继承自NSObject*/
    [frac release];
    return 0;
}
     Fraction alloc 做了两件事情，呼叫了Fraction class的alloc method，malloc内存