MySQL-底层设置

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-21 17:53:05 发布

kk_lina

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-21 17:53:05 发布

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分类专栏： MySQL 文章标签： mysql 数据库

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/kk_lina/article/details/126111215

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一、字符集

1.1、字符集设置

查看数据库字符集

show create database table_name;
show variables like 'character_%';

查看数据库比较级
```
show variables like 'collation_%';
```
修改字符集(mysql8.0不需要修改，默认字符集为utf-8)
查看mysql安装目录
```
select @@datadir;
select @@basedir;
```
修改配置文件查看my.cnf应该存在的位置
```
mysql --help|grep 'my.cnf'
```

mac版本默认没有my.cnf配置文件，可以找一个配置文件，将配置文件拷贝到上面查到的目录中的一个地址

# Example MySQL config file for small systems.  
#  
# This is for a system with little memory (<= 64M) where MySQL is only used  
# from time to time and it's important that the mysqld daemon  
# doesn't use much resources.  
#  
# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of  
# locations which depend on the deployment platform.  
# You can copy this option file to one of those  
# locations. For information about these locations, see:  
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html  
#  
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.  
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program  
# with the "--help" option.  

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients  
[client]  
default-character-set=utf8  
#password   = your_password  
port        = 3306 
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock  

# Here follows entries for some specific programs  

# The MySQL server   
[mysqld]  
default-storage-engine=INNODB  
character-set-server=utf8  
collation-server=utf8_general_ci  
port        = 3306 
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock  
skip-external-locking  
key_buffer_size = 16K  
max_allowed_packet = 1M  
table_open_cache = 4 
sort_buffer_size = 64K  
read_buffer_size = 256K  
read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K  
net_buffer_length = 2K  
thread_stack = 128K  

# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,  
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.  
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.  
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows  
# (using the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!  
#   
#skip-networking  
server-id   = 1

# Uncomment the following if you want to log updates  
log-bin=mysql-bin  

# binary logging format - mixed recommended  
#binlog_format=mixed  

# Causes updates to non-transactional engines using statement format to be  
# written directly to binary log. Before using this option make sure that  
# there are no dependencies between transactional and non-transactional  
# tables such as in the statement INSERT INTO t_myisam SELECT * FROM  
# t_innodb; otherwise, slaves may diverge from the master.  
#binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates=TRUE  

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables  
#innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data  
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend  
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data  
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %  
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high  
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M  
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M  
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size  
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M  
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M  
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 

[mysqldump]  
quick  
max_allowed_packet = 16M  

[mysql]  
no-auto-rehash  
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL  
#safe-updates  

[myisamchk]  
key_buffer_size = 8M  
sort_buffer_size = 8M  

[mysqlhotcopy]  
interactive-timeout

[mysqld] 
transaction-isolation=READ-COMMITTED

修改文件权限，不然启动会报错
```
sudo chmod 664 my.cnf    
```
重新启动mysql，启动失败的话就重新启动一下电脑；
```
systemctl restart mysqld;
```
登录mysql，执行
```
show variables like 'character_%';
```
mysql字符修改成功

修改数据库或表字符

alter database database_name charset utf8;
alter table table_name charset utf8;

查看数据库和表字符

show create database database_name;
show create table table_name;