通过上面学习,知道python与matplotlib交互有三种方式,与GUI交互采用第三种方法面向对象法。 首先知道Matplotlib的常见对象Figure,FigureCanvas,Axes。
需要导入一下几个模块:
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import FigureCanvasWxAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import numpy as np
首先简单介绍一下FigureCanvs 这是一个wxWidgets对象,继承自wxPanel,故可以通过其嵌入到wxWidgets应用程序。下面学习一个简单的实例:
from numpy import arange, sin, pi
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import FigureCanvasWxAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import wx
class CanvasFrame(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self):
wx.Frame.__init__(self,None,-1,
'CanvasFrame',size=(550,350))
self.SetBackgroundColour(wx.NamedColor("WHITE"))
self.figure = Figure()
self.axes = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
t = arange(0.0,3.0,0.01)
s = sin(2*pi*t)
self.axes.plot(t,s)
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self, -1, self.figure)
self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
self.sizer.Add(self.canvas, 1, wx.LEFT | wx.TOP | wx.GROW)
self.SetSizer(self.sizer)
self.Fit()
class App(wx.App):
def OnInit(self):
'Create the main window and insert the custom frame'
frame = CanvasFrame()
frame.Show(True)
return True
app = App(0)
app.MainLoop()
同笔记1介绍的面向对象方法基本一致,最后将figure加到FigureCanvas上面即可完成图像的绘制。
再前面导入from matplotlib.backends.backend_wx import NavigationToolbar2Wx可以创建导航工具栏,需要添加BoxSizer()对象来控制排版。