Querying data

Geodatabase应用程序编程接口（API）提供了许多不同的方式来查询表和要素类。本主题介绍如何使用query filters, spatial filters, and QueryDefs对数据进行查询。

1.IQueryFilter interface

// Create the query filter.
IQueryFilter queryFilter = new QueryFilterClass();

// Select the fields to be returned—the name and address of the businesses.
queryFilter.SubFields = "NAME, ADDRESS";

// Set the filter to return only restaurants.
queryFilter.WhereClause = "TYPE = 'Restaurant'";

// Use the PostfixClause to alphabetically order the set by name.
IQueryFilterDefinition queryFilterDef = (IQueryFilterDefinition)queryFilter;
queryFilterDef.PostfixClause = "ORDER BY NAME";

// Output the returned names and addresses.
int nameIndex = table.FindField("NAME");
int addressIndex = table.FindField("ADDRESS");
using (ComReleaser comReleaser = new ComReleaser())
{
  ICursor cursor = table.Search(queryFilter, true);
  comReleaser.ManageLifetime(cursor);
  IRow row = null;
  while ((row = cursor.NextRow()) != null)
  {
    String name = Convert.ToString(row.get_Value(nameIndex));
    String address = Convert.ToString(row.get_Value(addressIndex));
    Console.WriteLine("{0} - {1}", name, address);
  }
}

2.ISpatialFilter interface

// Create the envelope and define its position.
IEnvelope envelope = new EnvelopeClass();
envelope.PutCoords(-84.4078, 33.7787, -84.3856, 33.7997);

// Create the spatial filter and set its spatial constraints.
ISpatialFilter spatialFilter = new SpatialFilterClass
{
  Geometry = envelope,
  GeometryField = featureClass.ShapeFieldName,
  SpatialRel = esriSpatialRelEnum.esriSpatialRelIntersects
};

// Set the attribute constraints and subfields.
// You want to exclude ramps, highways and interstates.
spatialFilter.WhereClause = "NAME <> 'Ramp' AND PRE_TYPE NOT IN ('Hwy', 'I')";
spatialFilter.SubFields = "NAME, TYPE";

// Execute the query, displaying the roads returned.
int nameIndex = featureClass.FindField("NAME");
int typeIndex = featureClass.FindField("TYPE");
using (ComReleaser comReleaser = new ComReleaser())
{
  IFeatureCursor featureCursor = featureClass.Search(spatialFilter, true);
  comReleaser.ManageLifetime(featureCursor);
  IFeature feature = null;
  while ((feature = featureCursor.NextFeature()) != null)
  {
    String roadName = Convert.ToString(feature.get_Value(nameIndex));
    String roadType = Convert.ToString(feature.get_Value(typeIndex));
    Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}, Type: {1}", roadName, roadType);
  }
}

//if a geometry bag is being used as the filter's query geometry, create a spatial index for the geometry bag before being assigned //to the geometry property. This can drastically increase the query's efficiency. The following code example shows how to do this:

// Cast the bag to the ISpatialIndex interface.
ISpatialIndex spatialIndex = (ISpatialIndex)geometryBag;
spatialIndex.AllowIndexing = true;
spatialIndex.Invalidate();

3.IQueryDef interface

// Create the QueryDef.
IQueryDef2 queryDef2 = (IQueryDef2)featureWorkspace.CreateQueryDef();

// Specify the table and fields to query.
queryDef2.Tables = "Cities";
queryDef2.SubFields = "Name, Pop1996";
queryDef2.PostfixClause = "ORDER BY Pop1996 DESC";


// Execute the query.
using (ComReleaser comReleaser = new ComReleaser())
{
  ICursor cursor = queryDef2.Evaluate2(true);
  comReleaser.ManageLifetime(cursor);
  int nameIndex = cursor.FindField("Name");
  int pop1996Index = cursor.FindField("Pop1996");
  IRow row = null;
  while ((row = cursor.NextRow()) != null)
  {
    String cityName = Convert.ToString(row.get_Value(nameIndex));
    int population = Convert.ToInt32(row.get_Value(pop1996Index));
    Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", cityName, population);
  }
}

通过创建游标 QueryDef 可用于生成一个虚拟表或要素类。

// Create a reference to a TableQueryName object.
IQueryName2 queryName2 = new TableQueryNameClass();
queryName2.PrimaryKey = String.Empty;

// Specify the query definition.
queryName2.QueryDef = queryDef;

// Get a name object for the workspace.
IDataset dataset = (IDataset)workspace;
IWorkspaceName workspaceName = (IWorkspaceName)dataset.FullName;

// Cast the TableQueryName object to the IDatasetName interface and open it.
IDatasetName datasetName = (IDatasetName)queryName2;
datasetName.WorkspaceName = workspaceName;
datasetName.Name = tableName;
IName name = (IName)datasetName;

// Open the name object and get a reference to a table object.
ITable table = (ITable)name.Open();

4.WHERE clauses