SpringMVC环境搭建及helloword程序

1.环境准备

IDE： eclipse Version: Mars Release (4.5.0)

JDK：jdk1.8.0_51

JRE：jre1.8.0_51

spring 

jar包下载：http://maven.springframework.org/release/org/springframework/spring/4.1.7.RELEASE

   源码下载：https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/tags

jstl.jar 和standard.jar包下载：（jsp页面需要用到）

http://repo2.maven.org/maven2/javax/servlet/jstl/

http://repo2.maven.org/maven2/taglibs/standard/

common-logging （spring核心容器必须依赖common-logging jar包）

jar包下载：http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-logging/download_logging.cgi

2. hellow word程序

需求：商品列表查询

2.1 创建一个 Dynamic Web project

2.2 添加以上的jar包

2.3 配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
  <display-name>springMVCFirst</display-name>
  
 <!--  <servlet>
 	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
 	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
 	
 	<init-param>
 		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
 		<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
 	</init-param>
 </servlet>
 -->
   <!-- springmvc前端控制器 -->
  <servlet>
  	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
  	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  	<!-- contextConfigLocation配置springmvc加载的配置文件（配置处理器映射器、适配器等等）
  	如果不配置contextConfigLocation，默认加载的是/WEB-INF/servlet名称-serlvet.xml（springmvc-servlet.xml）
  	 -->
  	<init-param>
  		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  		<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
  	</init-param>
  </servlet>
 <servlet-mapping>
 	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
 	<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
 	
 </servlet-mapping>
  
</web-app>

2.4 对应数据库items 表格的po类Items

package com.bupt.springmvc.po;

import java.util.Date;

public class Items {
    private Integer id;

    private String name;

    private Float price;

    private String pic;

    private Date createtime;

    private String detail;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name == null ? null : name.trim();
    }

    public Float getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(Float price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public String getPic() {
        return pic;
    }

    public void setPic(String pic) {
        this.pic = pic == null ? null : pic.trim();
    }

    public Date getCreatetime() {
        return createtime;
    }

    public void setCreatetime(Date createtime) {
        this.createtime = createtime;
    }

    public String getDetail() {
        return detail;
    }

    public void setDetail(String detail) {
        this.detail = detail == null ? null : detail.trim();
    }
}

2.5controller程序 ItemsController

package com.bupt.springmvc.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

import com.bupt.springmvc.po.Items;

public class ItemsController implements Controller {

	@Override
	public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		
		List<Items> itemsList = new ArrayList<Items>();
		
		Items items_1 = new Items();
		items_1.setName("联想笔记本");
		items_1.setPrice(6000f);
		items_1.setDetail("ThinkPad T430 联想笔记本电脑！");
		
		Items items_2 = new Items();
		items_2.setName("苹果手机");
		items_2.setPrice(5000f);
		items_2.setDetail("iphone6苹果手机！");
		
		itemsList.add(items_1);
		itemsList.add(items_2);

		ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
		//相当 于request的setAttribut，在jsp页面中通过itemsList取数据
		modelAndView.addObject("itemsList", itemsList);
		
		modelAndView.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/items/itemsList.jsp");
		
		
		return modelAndView;
		
	}

}

</pre><pre>

2.6 jsp 视图显示页面itemsList.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"  prefix="fmt"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>查询商品列表</title>
</head>
<body> 
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/item/queryItem.action" method="post">
查询条件：
<table width="100%" border=1>
<tr>
<td><input type="submit" value="查询"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
商品列表：
<table width="100%" border=1>
<tr>
	<td>商品名称</td>
	<td>商品价格</td>
	<td>生产日期</td>
	<td>商品描述</td>
	<td>操作</td>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${itemsList }" var="item">
<tr>
	<td>${item.name }</td>
	<td>${item.price }</td>
	<td><fmt:formatDate value="${item.createtime}" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"/></td>
	<td>${item.detail }</td>
	
	<td><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/item/editItem.action?id=${item.id}">修改</a></td>

</tr>
</c:forEach>

</table>
</form>
</body>

</html>

2.7 springmvc.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
    
    
    <!-- 适配器 -->
 	<bean class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter" /> 
 	<!-- 映射器 -->
 	<bean class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
 	<!-- 视图解析器 -->
 	<bean class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"/>
 	<!-- 配置handler -->
 	<bean name="/queryItems.action" class="com.bupt.springmvc.controller.ItemsController" />
 	
 </beans>    

2.8部署测试

在调试窗口显示servers: windows --> show view--> servers

双击servers下的Tomcat v8.0 Server at localhost， 

--> 左下角的module-->add web module,将工程添加进去

        -->edit -->去掉自动加载项。

选择Tomcat v8.0 Server at localhost，右键-->debug

在浏览器栏输入：http://localhost:8080/springmvcfirst1208/queryItems.action

3.几个小错误

3.1HTTP Status 500 - Error instantiatingservlet class org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.class

<servlet>
  	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
  	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  	<!-- contextConfigLocation配置springmvc加载的配置文件（配置处理器映射器、适配器等等）
  	如果不配置contextConfigLocation，默认加载的是/WEB-INF/servlet名称-serlvet.xml（springmvc-servlet.xml）
  	 -->
  	<init-param>
  		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  		<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
  	</init-param>
  </servlet>

</pre><pre name="code" class="html" style="color: rgb(73, 73, 73); line-height: 18px;">

org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet这儿后面加了.class，复制的时候，直接在dispatcherServlet.class上选择copyQualified name，就是这么个结果org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.class

3.2 HTTPStatus 500 - Servlet.init() for servlet springmvc threw exception

<bean name="/queryItems.action" class="com/bupt/springmvc/controller/ItemsController" />

这儿class名字格式写错了。应该是下面这样的。

<bean name="/queryItems.action" class="com.bupt.springmvc.controller.ItemsController" />