【C++】类的继承

最新推荐文章于 2022-10-20 11:50:44 发布

Pioneer_0619

最新推荐文章于 2022-10-20 11:50:44 发布

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分类专栏： C++ 文章标签： c++

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/l634007854/article/details/120790146

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这段代码展示了C++中派生类如何继承基类的构造函数和析构函数，并实现自己的构造和析构过程。通过`Derived::Derived(int base, int derived): Base(base)`初始化基类成员，同时定义派生类的成员。在`main`函数中创建`Derived`对象并调用`print`方法显示成员变量的值。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class Base {
 private:
   int base;
 public:
   Base();
   Base(int base);
   ~Base();
   void print();
};
Base::Base() {
   base = 0;
   cout << "Base's default constructor called." << endl;
}

Base::Base(int base) {
   this->base = base;
   cout << "Base's constructor called." << endl;
}

Base::~Base() {
   cout << "Base's destructor called." << endl;
}

void Base::print(){
    cout << "base = " <<base << endl;
}

class Derived:public Base{
    private:
    int derived;
    
    public:
    Derived();
    Derived(int base,int derived);
    ~Derived();
    void print();
};

    Derived::Derived(){
        derived = 0;
        cout << "Derived's default constructor called." << endl;
    }
    
    Derived::Derived(int base,int derived):Base(base), //这是派生类的定义
    derived(derived){
        //这是给derived赋值，等价于 this->derived = derived;
        cout<<"Derived's constrcutor called." << endl;
    }
    
    Derived::~Derived(){
        cout<<"Derived's destructor called."<<endl;
    }
    
    void Derived::print(){
        Base::print();
        cout <<"derived ="<<derived <<endl;
    }
    
    int main(){
        Derived obj(5,6);
        obj.print();
        return 0;
    }

和下面这种方式是等价的，（其实就变了一句）

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class Base {
 private:
   int base;
 public:
   Base();
   Base(int base);
   ~Base();
   void print();
};
Base::Base() {
   base = 0;
   cout << "Base's default constructor called." << endl;
}

Base::Base(int base) {
   this->base = base;
   cout << "Base's constructor called." << endl;
}

Base::~Base() {
   cout << "Base's destructor called." << endl;
}

void Base::print(){
    cout << "base = " <<base << endl;
}

class Derived:public Base{
    private:
    int derived;
    
    public:
    Derived();
    Derived(int base,int derived);
    ~Derived();
    void print();
};

    Derived::Derived(){
        derived = 0;
        cout << "Derived's default constructor called." << endl;
    }
    
    Derived::Derived(int base,int derived):Base(base) //这是派生类的定义
    {
        //这是给derived赋值，等价于 this->derived = derived;
        this->derived = derived;
        cout<<"Derived's constrcutor called." << endl;
    }
    
    Derived::~Derived(){
        cout<<"Derived's destructor called."<<endl;
    }
    
    void Derived::print(){
        Base::print();
        cout <<"derived ="<<derived <<endl;
    }
    
    int main(){
        Derived obj(5,6);
        obj.print();
        return 0;
    }
    ~~~