Query & Filtering 与多字符串多字段查询

在 Elasticsearch 中,有Query 和 Filter 两种不同
的 Context
● Query Context:相关性算分
● Filter Context:不需要算分( Yes or No),
可以利⽤ Cache, 获得更好的性能

复合查询: bool Query

bool 查询
● ⼀个 bool 查询,是⼀个或者多个查询⼦句的组合
○ 总共包括 4 种⼦句。其中 2 种会影响算分,2 种不影响算分
● 相关性并不只是全⽂本检索的专利。也适⽤于 yes | no 的⼦句,匹配的⼦句越多,相关性评分
越⾼。如果多条查询⼦句被合并为⼀条复合查询语句 ,⽐如 bool 查询,则每个查询⼦句计算
得出的评分会被合并到总的相关性评分中。

● ⼦查询可以任意顺序出现
● 可以嵌套多个查询
● 如果你的 bool 查询中,没有 must 条件,
should 中必须⾄少满⾜⼀条查询

#基本语法
POST /products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool" : {
      "must" : {
        "term" : { "price" : "30" }
      },
      "filter": {
        "term" : { "avaliable" : "true" }
      },
      "must_not" : {
        "range" : {
          "price" : { "lte" : 10 }
        }
      },
      "should" : [
        { "term" : { "productID.keyword" : "JODL-X-1937-#pV7" } },
        { "term" : { "productID.keyword" : "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3" } }
      ],
      "minimum_should_match" :1
    }
  }
}

{
  "took" : 6,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 1,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 2.2039728,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "products",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "3",
        "_score" : 2.2039728,
        "_source" : {
          "price" : 30,
          "avaliable" : true,
          "productID" : "JODL-X-1937-#pV7"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

如何解决结构化查询 – “包含⽽不是相等”的问题

#改变数据模型,增加字段。解决数组包含而不是精确匹配的问题
POST /newmovies/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{ "title" : "Father of the Bridge Part II","year":1995, "genre":"Comedy","genre_count":1 }
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{ "title" : "Dave","year":1993,"genre":["Comedy","Romance"],"genre_count":2 }

#must,有算分
POST /newmovies/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {"term": {"genre.keyword": {"value": "Comedy"}}},
        {"term": {"genre_count": {"value": 1}}}

      ]
    }
  }
}

{
  "took" : 1,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 1,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 1.2111092,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "newmovies",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 1.2111092,
        "_source" : {
          "title" : "Father of the Bridge Part II",
          "year" : 1995,
          "genre" : "Comedy",
          "genre_count" : 1
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

#Filter。不参与算分,结果的score是0
POST /newmovies/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "filter": [
        {"term": {"genre.keyword": {"value": "Comedy"}}},
        {"term": {"genre_count": {"value": 1}}}
        ]

    }
  }
}

{
  "took" : 1,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 1,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 0.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "newmovies",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 0.0,
        "_source" : {
          "title" : "Father of the Bridge Part II",
          "year" : 1995,
          "genre" : "Comedy",
          "genre_count" : 1
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

Query Context – 影响算分

#Query Context
POST /products/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{ "price" : 10,"avaliable":true,"date":"2018-01-01", "productID" : "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3" }
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{ "price" : 20,"avaliable":true,"date":"2019-01-01", "productID" : "KDKE-B-9947-#kL5" }
{ "index": { "_id": 3 }}
{ "price" : 30,"avaliable":true, "productID" : "JODL-X-1937-#pV7" }
{ "index": { "_id": 4 }}
{ "price" : 30,"avaliable":false, "productID" : "QQPX-R-3956-#aD8" }

GET products/_search
POST /products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        {
          "term": {
            "productID.keyword": {
              "value": "JODL-X-1937-#pV7"}}
        },
        {"term": {"avaliable": {"value": true}}
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}
 

{
  "took" : 3,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 3,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 1.5606477,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "products",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "3",
        "_score" : 1.5606477,
        "_source" : {
          "price" : 30,
          "avaliable" : true,
          "productID" : "JODL-X-1937-#pV7"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "products",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 0.35667494,
        "_source" : {
          "price" : 10,
          "avaliable" : true,
          "date" : "2018-01-01",
          "productID" : "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "products",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_score" : 0.35667494,
        "_source" : {
          "price" : 20,
          "avaliable" : true,
          "date" : "2019-01-01",
          "productID" : "KDKE-B-9947-#kL5"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

bool 嵌套
● 实现了 should not 的逻辑

POST /products/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "term": {
          "price": "30"
        }
      },
      "should": [
        {
          "bool": {
            "must_not": {
              "term": {
                "avaliable": "false"
              }
            }
          }
        }
      ],
      "minimum_should_match": 1
    }
  }
}

{
  "took" : 2,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 1,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 1.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "products",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "3",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "price" : 30,
          "avaliable" : true,
          "productID" : "JODL-X-1937-#pV7"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

查询语句的结构,会对相关度算分产⽣影响

POST /animals/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        { "term": { "text": "brown" }},
        { "term": { "text": "red" }},
        { "term": { "text": "quick"   }},
        { "term": { "text": "dog"   }}
      ]
    }
  }
}

● 同⼀层级下的竞争字段,具有有相同的权重
● 通过嵌套 bool 查询,可以改变对算分的影响

POST /animals/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        { "term": { "text": "quick" }},
        { "term": { "text": "dog"   }},
        {
          "bool":{
            "should":[
               { "term": { "text": "brown" }},
                 { "term": { "text": "brown" }},
            ]
          }

        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

两个下级的权重才等于一个上级的权重

控制字段的 Boosting

● Boosting 是控制相关度的⼀种⼿段
● 索引,字段 或查询⼦条件
● 参数 boost的含义
● 当 boost > 1 时,打分的相关度相对性提升
● 当 0 < boost < 1 时,打分的权重相对性降低
● 当 boost < 0 时,贡献负分

POST /blogs/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{"title":"Apple iPad", "content":"Apple iPad,Apple iPad" }
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{"title":"Apple iPad,Apple iPad", "content":"Apple iPad" }


POST blogs/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        {"match": {
          "title": {
            "query": "apple,ipad",
            "boost": 1.1
          }
        }},

        {"match": {
          "content": {
            "query": "apple,ipad",
            "boost":1
          }
        }}
      ]
    }
  }
}

{
  "took" : 2,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 2,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 0.9264678,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "blogs",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_score" : 0.9264678,
        "_source" : {
          "title" : "Apple iPad,Apple iPad",
          "content" : "Apple iPad"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "blogs",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 0.92284876,
        "_source" : {
          "title" : "Apple iPad",
          "content" : "Apple iPad,Apple iPad"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

POST blogs/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        {"match": {
          "title": {
            "query": "apple,ipad",
            "boost": 1.1
          }
        }},

        {"match": {
          "content": {
            "query": "apple,ipad",
            "boost":2 //提高boost值
          }
        }}
      ]
    }
  }
}

{
  "took" : 3,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 2,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 1.3812573,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "blogs",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 1.3812573,
        "_source" : {
          "title" : "Apple iPad",
          "content" : "Apple iPad,Apple iPad"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "blogs",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_score" : 1.3486862,
        "_source" : {
          "title" : "Apple iPad,Apple iPad",
          "content" : "Apple iPad"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

POST news/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "match":{"content":"apple"}
      }
    }
  }
}

{
  "took" : 1,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 3,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 0.17280532,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "news",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "3",
        "_score" : 0.17280532,
        "_source" : {
          "content" : "Apple employee like Apple Pie and Apple Juice"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "news",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 0.16786805,
        "_source" : {
          "content" : "Apple Mac"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "news",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_score" : 0.16786805,
        "_source" : {
          "content" : "Apple iPad"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

POST news/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "match":{"content":"apple"}
      },
      "must_not": {
        "match":{"content":"pie"}
      }
    }
  }
}

{
  "took" : 1,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 2,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 0.16786805,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "news",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 0.16786805,
        "_source" : {
          "content" : "Apple Mac"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "news",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_score" : 0.16786805,
        "_source" : {
          "content" : "Apple iPad"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

POST news/_search
{
  "query": {
    "boosting": {
      "positive": {
        "match": {
          "content": "apple"
        }
      },
      "negative": {
        "match": {
          "content": "pie"
        }
      },
      "negative_boost": 0.5
    }
  }
}

{
  "took" : 1,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 3,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 0.16786805,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "news",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 0.16786805,
        "_source" : {
          "content" : "Apple Mac"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "news",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_score" : 0.16786805,
        "_source" : {
          "content" : "Apple iPad"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "news",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "3",
        "_score" : 0.08640266,
        "_source" : {
          "content" : "Apple employee like Apple Pie and Apple Juice"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

 

  • 0
    点赞
  • 0
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论

“相关推荐”对你有帮助么?

  • 非常没帮助
  • 没帮助
  • 一般
  • 有帮助
  • 非常有帮助
提交
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值