四种启动模式经常忘记, 在这里用例子记录下.
主要介绍SingleTask 和SingleInstance, 两个Activity用来测试,分别是TaskOne 和 TaskTwo.
TaskOne有两个Activity, 代码如下:
public class ActivityOne extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{
private static final String TAG = "One +FredCao";
private Button btnOne;
private Context mContext;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_activity_one);
btnOne = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btnOne);
btnOne.setOnClickListener(this);
mContext = this;
Log.d(TAG, "onCreate: " + ", taskId is: " + this.getTaskId() + ", processId is: " + android.os.Process.myPid());
}
@Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
Log.d(TAG, "onPause: " + ", taskId is: " + this.getTaskId() + ", processId is: " + android.os.Process.myPid());
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy: " + ", taskId is: " + this.getTaskId() + ", processId is: " + android.os.Process.myPid());
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
Log.d(TAG, "onResume: " + ", taskId is: " + this.getTaskId() + ", processId is: " + android.os.Process.myPid());
}
@Override
protected void onStart() {
super.onStart();
Log.d(TAG, "onStart: " + ", taskId is: " + this.getTaskId() + ", processId is: " + android.os.Process.myPid());
}
@Override
protected void onStop() {
super.onStop();
Log.d(TAG, "onStop: " + ", taskId is: " + this.getTaskId() + ", processId is: " + android.os.Process.myPid());
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch(v.getId()) {
case R.id.btnOne:
Intent intent = new Intent(this, ActivityTwo.class);
startActivity(intent);
}
}
}
ActivityTwo代码一样,都是打印了很多log.
配置文件是这样的,其中ActivityOne的启动模式是singleInstance, ActivityTwo是默认.
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme"
>
<activity
android:name=".ActivityOne"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:launchMode="singleInstance">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity android:name=".ActivityTwo">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.com.fred"/>
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
TaskTwo包含三个Activity, 代码如下:
public class ActivityOne extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{
private static final String TAG = "1 +FredCao";
private Button btnOne;
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.buttonOne:
Intent intent = new Intent(this, ActivityTwo.class);
startActivity(intent);
overridePendingTransition(android.R.anim.slide_in_left,android.R.anim.slide_out_right);
}
}
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
btnOne = (Button)findViewById(R.id.buttonOne);
btnOne.setOnClickListener(this);
Log.d(TAG, "onCreate: " + ", taskId is: " + this.getTaskId() + ", processId is: " + android.os.Process.myPid());
}
@Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
Log.d(TAG, "onPause: " + ", taskId is: " + this.getTaskId() + ", processId is: " + android.os.Process.myPid());
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy: " + ", taskId is: " + this.getTaskId() + ", processId is: " + android.os.Process.myPid());
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
Log.d(TAG, "onResume: " + ", taskId is: " + this.getTaskId() + ", processId is: " + android.os.Process.myPid());
}
@Override
protected void onStart() {
super.onStart();
Log.d(TAG, "onStart: " + ", taskId is: " + this.getTaskId() + ", processId is: " + android.os.Process.myPid());
}
@Override
protected void onStop() {
super.onStop();
Log.d(TAG, "onStop: " + ", taskId is: " + this.getTaskId() + ", processId is: " + android.os.Process.myPid());
}
@Override
protected void onNewIntent(Intent intent) {
super.onNewIntent(intent);
Log.d(TAG, "onNewIntent: " + ", taskId is: " + this.getTaskId() + ", processId is: " + android.os.Process.myPid());
}
}
配置文件如下, ActivityTwo启动模式是singleTask,其余是默认.
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<activity
android:name=".ActivityOne"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:alwaysRetainTaskState="true"
>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity android:name=".ActivityTwo"
android:launchMode="singleTask">
<intent-filter>
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
<action android:name="com.example.fredwang.tasktwo.LAUNCHER"/>
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity android:name=".ActivityThree">
<intent-filter>
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
测试步骤,Launch TaskOne, 然后可以按按钮launch TaskTwo.
Activity的启动步骤如下:
TaskOne中打开Activity的Log 如下, 可以看到,由于ActivityOne的启动模式是SingleInstance, 所以ActivityTwo的Task id和ActivityOne的不一样. 但是进程ID却是一样的,说明两个Activity是运行在同一个Application 的进程中.
03-08 14:41:15.564 D/One +FredCao( 7736): onCreate: , taskId is: 126, processId is: 7736
03-08 14:41:15.574 D/One +FredCao( 7736): onStart: , taskId is: 126, processId is: 7736
03-08 14:41:15.594 D/One +FredCao( 7736): onResume: , taskId is: 126, processId is: 7736
03-08 14:41:19.654 D/One +FredCao( 7736): onPause: , taskId is: 126, processId is: 7736
03-08 14:41:19.694 D/Two +FredCao( 7736): OnCreate: , taskId is: 130, processId is: 7736
03-08 14:41:19.704 D/Two +FredCao( 7736): ProcessName: com.example.fredwang.taskone
03-08 14:41:19.704 D/Two +FredCao( 7736): onStart: , taskId is: 130, processId is: 7736
03-08 14:41:19.704 D/Two +FredCao( 7736): onResume: , taskId is: 130, processId is: 7736
03-08 14:41:20.104 D/One +FredCao( 7736): onStop: , taskId is: 126, processId is: 7736
TaskOne的ActivityTwo打开TaskTwo的ActivityTwo的Log如下,可以看出, Task id 和进程id都不一样.
03-08 14:41:20.854 D/Two +FredCao( 7736): onPause: , taskId is: 130, processId is: 7736
03-08 14:41:20.984 D/2 +FredCao( 7884): onCreate: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:20.984 D/2 +FredCao( 7884): onCreate: com.example.fredwang.tasktwo.ActivityTwo@22ac0548
03-08 14:41:20.994 D/2 +FredCao( 7884): onStart: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:20.994 D/2 +FredCao( 7884): onResume: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:21.334 D/Two +FredCao( 7736): onStop: , taskId is: 130, processId is: 7736
TaskTwo自己的Activity互相跳转的Log如下, 可以看出,三个Activity都是在一个Task中, 也在同一个进程中.
03-08 14:41:24.074 D/2 +FredCao( 7884): onPause: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:24.094 D/3 +FredCao( 7884): onCreate: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:24.094 D/3 +FredCao( 7884): onStart: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:24.104 D/3 +FredCao( 7884): onResume: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:24.564 D/2 +FredCao( 7884): onStop: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:26.234 D/3 +FredCao( 7884): onPause: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:26.264 D/1 +FredCao( 7884): onCreate: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:26.264 D/1 +FredCao( 7884): onStart: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:26.264 D/1 +FredCao( 7884): onResume: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:26.714 D/3 +FredCao( 7884): onStop: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:28.274 D/3 +FredCao( 7884): onDestroy: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:28.294 D/1 +FredCao( 7884): onPause: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:28.344 D/2 +FredCao( 7884): onNewIntent: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:28.344 D/2 +FredCao( 7884): onStart: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:28.344 D/2 +FredCao( 7884): onResume: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:28.844 D/1 +FredCao( 7884): onStop: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:28.844 D/1 +FredCao( 7884): onDestroy: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
到目前为止, 可以看出SingelInstance和SingleTask的不同之处, SingleInstace只允许一个Task中只有这一个Activity实例, 除了自己之外也不允许有其他的Activity实例. SingleTask却可以和其他的Activity实例在同一个Task中. 那到死SingleTask有什么用处. 我们看一下按back键的效果.
以下是按back键的log, 可以看出, TaskTwo中的ActivityTwo直接跳转到TaskOne的ActivityTwo了.
03-08 14:57:14.864 D/2 +FredCao( 7884): onPause: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:57:14.894 D/Two +FredCao( 7736): onStart: , taskId is: 130, processId is: 7736
03-08 14:57:14.894 D/Two +FredCao( 7736): onResume: , taskId is: 130, processId is: 7736
03-08 14:57:15.234 D/2 +FredCao( 7884): onStop: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:57:15.234 D/2 +FredCao( 7884): onDestroy: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
这是为什么呢?仔细看我们的TaskTwo中的Activity跳转的Log. 当我们ActivityOne重新跳转到ActivityTwo中的时候, ActivityThree首先onDestroy. 然后ActivityTwo回调了onNewIntent, 然后ActivityOne也被onDestroy了.
03-08 14:41:28.274 D/3 +FredCao( 7884): onDestroy: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:28.294 D/1 +FredCao( 7884): onPause: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:28.344 D/2 +FredCao( 7884): onNewIntent: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:28.344 D/2 +FredCao( 7884): onStart: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:28.344 D/2 +FredCao( 7884): onResume: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:28.844 D/1 +FredCao( 7884): onStop: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
03-08 14:41:28.844 D/1 +FredCao( 7884): onDestroy: , taskId is: 131, processId is: 7884
所以SingleTask的作用是, 当Task已经有了这个Activity之后, 如果后续的操作又重新跳转到相同的Activity, 那么在此Activity之上的所有Activity都会被强制销毁出栈.