Free Space Management【每日一译】--2012-10-19

Free space can be managed automatically or manually.

空闲空间可以被自动或手动管理。

Free space can be managed automatically inside database segments. The in-segment
free/used space is tracked using bitmaps, as opposed to free lists. Automatic

segment-space management offers the following benefits:

空闲空间在数据段上被自动管理。在段内的空闲/使用空间是通过位图来跟踪，而不是

空闲列表。自动段空间管理提供了以下好处：

■ Ease of use
■ Better space utilization, especially for the objects with highly varying row sizes
■ Better run-time adjustment to variations in concurrent access

■ Better multi-instance behavior in terms of performance/space utilization

#使用简单

#更好的空间使用率，特别是对于行高度变化大小的对象

#在运行时期对于并行访问变化的调整。

You specify automatic segment-space management when you create a locally managed
tablespace. The specification then applies to all segments subsequently created in this

tablespace.

你指定自动段空间管理当你创建一个本地管理的表空间。这些参数将应用于后续创建在这个表

空间的所有段。

Availability and Optimization of Free Space in a Data Block
Two types of statements can increase the free space of one or more data blocks:
DELETE statements, and UPDATE statements that update existing values to smaller
values. The released space from these types of statements is available for subsequent
INSERT statements under the following conditions:

在数据块中的空闲空间的可用和优化

两种 类型的语句能增加一个或更多数据块的空闲空间：

DELETE语句和UPDATE语句，更新已经存在值为一个更小的值。从这些语句里释放的空间

对于后续INSERT语句要满足以下条件：

■ If the INSERT statement is in the same transaction and subsequent to the
statement that frees space, then the INSERT statement can use the space made
available.

如果INSERT语句在同一个事务并且随后释放空间语句，那么INSERT语句可以使用

变为可用的空间。

■ If the INSERT statement is in a separate transaction from the statement that frees
space (perhaps being run by another user), then the INSERT statement can use the
space made available only after the other transaction commits and only if the
space is needed.

如果插入语句在一个单独的空闲空间的语句事务里（可能正在被另一个用户运行），

那么插入的语句可以使用变为可用的空间在另一个事务提交并且空间需要被使用时候。

Released space may or may not be contiguous with the main area of free space in a
data block. Oracle coalesces the free space of a data block only when (1) an INSERT or
UPDATE statement attempts to use a block that contains enough free space to contain a
new row piece, and (2) the free space is fragmented so the row piece cannot be
inserted in a contiguous section of the block. Oracle does this compression only in
such situations, because otherwise the performance of a database system decreases
due to the continuous compression of the free space in data blocks.

释放空间可能或者不可能相连续的在一个数据块的主要空闲空间。ORACLE合并空间空间

在一个数据中仅当

（1）一个INSERT或UPDATE语句尝试去一个可以包含一个新行的足够空闲空间的数据块，

和（2）空闲空间碎裂以致于行块不能插入到这个块的相邻部份。ORACLE仅当在这两种情况下

做压缩，否则一个数据库系统性能下降因为在数据块中空闲空间的连续压缩。