全球DEM30米下载

参考ASTER GDEM

1. 基础知识

1.1弧秒

1弧度秒：弧度制，1弧度=60弧分=3600弧秒=180°/pi
所以，1弧秒=1弧度/3600
=0.015915’=0.015915’*206265=32.82707475米
1弧度=180/pi/3600=206264.806247’
弧秒介绍
弧秒是角度的单位，是度、分、秒的“秒”。因为单指“秒”时既可能是时间，也可能是角度，为了区分起见英文表述时就说，例如“20 seconds of arc”,用以区别 20 秒时间，人们常常翻译成“xx 弧秒”，其实就是表示角度的秒。
１弧度= 57.296角度=57.296*60 arcmin = 57.296*3600 arcsec
envi官方解释

Measuring in Arc-Seconds
Some USGS DEM data is stored in a format that utilizes three, five, or 30 arc-seconds of longitude and latitude to register cell values. The geographic reference system treats the globe as if it were a sphere divided into 360 equal parts called degrees. Each degree is subdivided into 60 minutes. Each minute is composed of 60 seconds. Said differently, an arc-second represents the distance of latitude or longitude traversed on the earth’s surface while traveling one second (1/3600th of a degree).
At the equator, an arc-second of longitude approximately equals an arc-second of latitude, which is 1/60th of a nautical mile (or 101.27 feet or 30.87 meters). Arc-seconds of latitude remain nearly constant, while arc-seconds of longitude decrease in a trigonometric cosine-based fashion as one moves toward the earth’s poles. At 49 degrees north latitude, along the northern boundary of the Concrete sheet, an arc-second of longitude equals 30.87 meters * 0.6561 (cos 49°) or 20.250 meters. Ideally, a three arc-second grid cell on the north edge of the Concrete sheet measures 60.75 meters along its north side and 92.60 meters along its east and west sides.
2DEM数据介绍
DEM介绍
2.1DLR
美国srtm1，3 c波段：30米，90分辨率
德国的dlr x波段：覆盖不全，10米，信噪比低
2.2 ASTER-GDEM V2
30米，以信噪比降低来换取分辨率的提高，但也比SRTM 3好。