Linux 中对标准输入进行键盘事件监听

1. 通过 fcntl 函数改变标准输入的 read 模式为非阻塞状态，这样当我们读取键盘字符时就可以非阻塞程序。

#include <fcntl.h>
int flags = fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_GETFL, 0);
fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK);

2. 编写检测键盘事件程序(转载自：http://blog.csdn.net/alangdangjia/article/details/27697721)

#include <termios.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
static struct termios initial_settings, new_settings;
static int peek_character = -1;
void init_keyboard(void);
void close_keyboard(void);
int kbhit(void);
int readch(void);
void init_keyboard()
{
    tcgetattr(0,&initial_settings);
    new_settings = initial_settings;
    new_settings.c_lflag |= ICANON;
    new_settings.c_lflag |= ECHO;
    new_settings.c_lflag |= ISIG;
    new_settings.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
    new_settings.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
    tcsetattr(0, TCSANOW, &new_settings);

    int flags = fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_GETFL, 0);
    fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK);
}

void close_keyboard()
{
    tcsetattr(0, TCSANOW, &initial_settings);
}

int kbhit()
{
    unsigned char ch;
    int nread;

    if (peek_character != -1) return 1;
    new_settings.c_cc[VMIN]=0;
    tcsetattr(0, TCSANOW, &new_settings);
    nread = read(0,&ch,1);	//非阻塞读取stdin一个字符
    new_settings.c_cc[VMIN]=1;
    tcsetattr(0, TCSANOW, &new_settings);
    if(nread == 1)
    {
        peek_character = ch;
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}

int readch()
{
    char ch;

    if(peek_character != -1)
    {
        ch = peek_character;
        peek_character = -1;
        return ch;
    }
    read(0,&ch,1);
    return ch;
}

main程序：

int mian()
{
    init_keyboard();
    while (true) {
        kbhit();
        int ret_read = readch();
        if(ret_read == 10)  //当遇到ENTER按下事件退出监测
        {
            break;
        } 
    }
    close_keyboard();
}