本文基于JDK1.8学习与分析String源码。
public final class String implements java.io.Serializable, Comparable<String>, CharSequenceString类是我们日常开发中最常用到的JDK类之一。而源码为我们提供了非常丰富的方法，能够实现项目中的各式各样对字符串操作的需求。比如我们熟悉的返回字符串长度的length()，返回字符串中指定位置的字符charAt，字符串转大小写的toUpperCase()/toLowerCase()，字符串拼接conncat()，字符串前后空格去除trim()，字符串比较、字符串截取、字符串格式化、其他类型数据和字符串转换等等。
基于JDK源码，笔者分析每个方法的使用说明，希望与各位一起学习：
package java.lang;
import java.io.ObjectStreamField;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.Formatter;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.StringJoiner;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException;
/**
* @author Lee Boynton
* @author Arthur van Hoff
* @author Martin Buchholz
* @author Ulf Zibis
* @see java.lang.Object#toString()
* @see java.lang.StringBuffer
* @see java.lang.StringBuilder
* @see java.nio.charset.Charset
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public final class String implements java.io.Serializable, Comparable<String>, CharSequence {
private final char value[];
private int hash;
private static final long serialVersionUID = -6849794470754667710L;
private static final ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields =
new ObjectStreamField[0];
/**
* 构造方法
*/
public String() {
this.value = "".value;
}
public String(String original) {
this.value = original.value;
this.hash = original.hash;
}
public String(char value[]) {
this.value = Arrays.copyOf(value, value.length);
}
public String(char value[], int offset, int count) {
if (offset < 0) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(offset);
}
if (count <= 0) {
if (count < 0) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(count);
}
if (offset <= value.length) {
this.value = "".value;
return;
}
}
if (offset > value.length - count) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(offset + count);
}
this.value = Arrays.copyOfRange(value, offset, offset+count);
}
public String(int[] codePoints, int offset, int count) {
if (offset < 0) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(offset);
}
if (count <= 0) {
if (count < 0) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(count);
}
if (offset <= codePoints.length) {
this.value = "".value;
return;
}
}
if (offset > codePoints.length - count) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(offset + count);
}
final int end = offset + count;
int n = count;
for (int i = offset; i < end; i++) {
int c = codePoints[i];
if (Character.isBmpCodePoint(c))
continue;
else if (Character.isValidCodePoint(c))
n++;
else throw new IllegalArgumentException(Integer.toString(c));
}
final char[] v = new char[n];
for (int i = offset, j = 0; i < end; i++, j++) {
int c = codePoints[i];
if (Character.isBmpCodePoint(c))
v[j] = (char)c;
else
Character.toSurrogates(c, v, j++);
}
this.value = v;
}
/**
* 已废弃
* 构造方法
*/
@Deprecated
public String(byte ascii[], int hibyte, int offset, int count) {
checkBounds(ascii, offset, count);
char value[] = new char[count];
if (hibyte == 0) {
for (int i = count; i-- > 0;) {
value[i] = (char)(ascii[i + offset] & 0xff);
}
} else {
hibyte <<= 8;
for (int i = count; i-- > 0;) {
value[i] = (char)(hibyte | (ascii[i + offset] & 0xff));
}
}
this.value = value;
}
/**
* 已废弃
* 构造方法
*/
@Deprecated
public String(byte ascii[], int hibyte) {
this(ascii, hibyte, 0, ascii.length);
}
private static void checkBounds(byte[] bytes, int offset, int length) {
if (length < 0)
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(length);
if (offset < 0)
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(offset);
if (offset > bytes.length - length)
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(offset + length);
}
public String(byte bytes[], int offset, int length, String charsetName)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
if (charsetName == null)
throw new NullPointerException("charsetName");
checkBounds(bytes, offset, length);
this.value = StringCoding.decode(charsetName, bytes, offset, length);
}
public String(byte bytes[], int offset, int length, Charset charset) {
if (charset == null)
throw new NullPointerException("charset");
checkBounds(bytes, offset, length);
this.value = StringCoding.decode(charset, bytes, offset, length);
}
public String(byte bytes[], String charsetName)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
this(bytes, 0, bytes.length, charsetName);
}
public String(byte bytes[], Charset charset) {
this(bytes, 0, bytes.length, charset);
}
public String(byte bytes[], int offset, int length) {
checkBounds(bytes, offset, length);
this.value = StringCoding.decode(bytes, offset, length);
}
public String(byte bytes[]) {
this(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
}
public String(StringBuffer buffer) {
synchronized(buffer) {
this.value = Arrays.copyOf(buffer.getValue(), buffer.length());
}
}
public String(StringBuilder builder) {
this.value = Arrays.copyOf(builder.getValue(), builder.length());
}
String(char[] value, boolean share) {
this.value = value;
}
/**
* 字符串的长度
*/
public int length() {
return value.length;
}
/**
* 判断字符串是否为空
*/
public boolean isEmpty() {
return value.length == 0;
}
/**
* 返回字符串指定下标的字符
*/
public char charAt(int index) {
if ((index < 0) || (index >= value.length)) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
}
return value[index];
}
/**
* 返回指定索引处字符的ascii码
*/
public int codePointAt(int index) {
if ((index < 0) || (index >= value.length)) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
}
return Character.codePointAtImpl(value, index, value.length);
}
/**
* 返回指定索引处字符前一个字符的ascii码
*/
public int codePointBefore(int index) {
int i = index - 1;
if ((i < 0) || (i >= value.length)) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
}
return Character.codePointBeforeImpl(value, index, 0);
}
/**
* 返回此String指定范围内的元素个数
*/
public int codePointCount(int beginIndex, int endIndex) {
if (beginIndex < 0 || endIndex > value.length || beginIndex > endIndex) {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
}
return Character.codePointCountImpl(value, beginIndex, endIndex - beginIndex);
}
/**
* 根据指定字符下标偏移，如果超过字符串长度就抛数组越界异常
*/
public int offsetByCodePoints(int index, int codePointOffset) {
if (index < 0 || index > value.length) {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
}
return Character.offsetByCodePointsImpl(value, 0, value.length,
index, codePointOffset);
}
void getChars(char dst[], int dstBegin) {
System.arraycopy(value, 0, dst, dstBegin, value.length);
}
/**
* 将此字符串中的字符复制到目标字符数组中
*/
public void getChars(int srcBegin, int srcEnd, char dst[], int dstBegin) {
if (srcBegin < 0) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(srcBegin);
}
if (srcEnd > value.length) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(srcEnd);
}
if (srcBegin > srcEnd) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(srcEnd - srcBegin);
}
System.arraycopy(value, srcBegin, dst, dstBegin, srcEnd - srcBegin);
}
/**
* 废弃方法
*/
@Deprecated
public void getBytes(int srcBegin, int srcEnd, byte dst[], int dstBegin) {
if (srcBegin < 0) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(srcBegin);
}
if (srcEnd > value.length) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(srcEnd);
}
if (srcBegin > srcEnd) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(srcEnd - srcBegin);
}
Objects.requireNonNull(dst);
int j = dstBegin;
int n = srcEnd;
int i = srcBegin;
char[] val = value; /* avoid getfield opcode */
while (i < n) {
dst[j++] = (byte)val[i++];
}
}
/**
* 获取指定字符串的字节ascii数组
*/
public byte[] getBytes(String charsetName)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
if (charsetName == null) throw new NullPointerException();
return StringCoding.encode(charsetName, value, 0, value.length);
}
/**
* 使用给定的charset将该String编码为字节序列
*/
public byte[] getBytes(Charset charset) {
if (charset == null) throw new NullPointerException();
return StringCoding.encode(charset, value, 0, value.length);
}
/**
* 将此 String编码为字节序列，将结果存储到新的字节数组中
*/
public byte[] getBytes() {
return StringCoding.encode(value, 0, value.length);
}
/**
* 将此字符串与指定对象进行比较
*/
public boolean equals(Object anObject) {
if (this == anObject) {
return true;
}
if (anObject instanceof String) {
String anotherString = (String)anObject;
int n = value.length;
if (n == anotherString.value.length) {
char v1[] = value;
char v2[] = anotherString.value;
int i = 0;
while (n-- != 0) {
if (v1[i] != v2[i])
return false;
i++;
}
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/**
* 将此字符串与指定的StringBuffer进行内容比较
*/
public boolean contentEquals(StringBuffer sb) {
return contentEquals((CharSequence)sb);
}
private boolean nonSyncContentEquals(AbstractStringBuilder sb) {
char v1[] = value;
char v2[] = sb.getValue();
int n = v1.length;
if (n != sb.length()) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if (v1[i] != v2[i]) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
/**
* 将此字符串与指定的CharSequence进行内容比较
*/
public boolean contentEquals(CharSequence cs) {
if (cs instanceof AbstractStringBuilder) {
if (cs instanceof StringBuffer) {
synchronized(cs) {
return nonSyncContentEquals((AbstractStringBuilder)cs);
}
} else {
return nonSyncContentEquals((AbstractStringBuilder)cs);
}
}
if (cs instanceof String) {
return equals(cs);
}
char v1[] = value;
int n = v1.length;
if (n != cs.length()) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if (v1[i] != cs.charAt(i)) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
/**
* 忽略大小写将此字符串与指定字符串比较
*/
public boolean equalsIgnoreCase(String anotherString) {
return (this == anotherString) ? true
: (anotherString != null)
&& (anotherString.value.length == value.length)
&& regionMatches(true, 0, anotherString, 0, value.length);
}
/**
* 按字典顺序比较两个字符串
*/
public int compareTo(String anotherString) {
int len1 = value.length;
int len2 = anotherString.value.length;
int lim = Math.min(len1, len2);
char v1[] = value;
char v2[] = anotherString.value;
int k = 0;
while (k < lim) {
char c1 = v1[k];
char c2 = v2[k];
if (c1 != c2) {
return c1 - c2;
}
k++;
}
return len1 - len2;
}
public static final Comparator<String> CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER
= new CaseInsensitiveComparator();
private static class CaseInsensitiveComparator
implements Comparator<String>, java.io.Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 8575799808933029326L;
public int compare(String s1, String s2) {
int n1 = s1.length();
int n2 = s2.length();
int min = Math.min(n1, n2);
for (int i = 0; i < min; i++) {
char c1 = s1.charAt(i);
char c2 = s2.charAt(i);
if (c1 != c2) {
c1 = Character.toUpperCase(c1);
c2 = Character.toUpperCase(c2);
if (c1 != c2) {
c1 = Character.toLowerCase(c1);
c2 = Character.toLowerCase(c2);
if (c1 != c2) {
return c1 - c2;
}
}
}
}
return n1 - n2;
}
private Object readResolve() { return CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER; }
}
/**
* 按字典顺序比较两个字符串(忽略大小写)
*/
public int compareToIgnoreCase(String str) {
return CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER.compare(this, str);
}
/**
* 判断两个字符串区域是否相等
*/
public boolean regionMatches(int toffset, String other, int ooffset,
int len) {
char ta[] = value;
int to = toffset;
char pa[] = other.value;
int po = ooffset;
if ((ooffset < 0) || (toffset < 0)
|| (toffset > (long)value.length - len)
|| (ooffset > (long)other.value.length - len)) {
return false;
}
while (len-- > 0) {
if (ta[to++] != pa[po++]) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
/**
* 判断两个字符串区域是否相等
*/
public boolean regionMatches(boolean ignoreCase, int toffset,
String other, int ooffset, int len) {
char ta[] = value;
int to = toffset;
char pa[] = other.value;
int po = ooffset;
if ((ooffset < 0) || (toffset < 0)
|| (toffset > (long)value.length - len)
|| (ooffset > (long)other.value.length - len)) {
return false;
}
while (len-- > 0) {
char c1 = ta[to++];
char c2 = pa[po++];
if (c1 == c2) {
continue;
}
if (ignoreCase) {
char u1 = Character.toUpperCase(c1);
char u2 = Character.toUpperCase(c2);
if (u1 == u2) {
continue;
}
if (Character.toLowerCase(u1) == Character.toLowerCase(u2)) {
continue;
}
}
return false;
}
return true;
}
/**
* 偏移后是否以某个字符子串开始
*/
public boolean startsWith(String prefix, int toffset) {
char ta[] = value;
int to = toffset;
char pa[] = prefix.value;
int po = 0;
int pc = prefix.value.length;
if ((toffset < 0) || (toffset > value.length - pc)) {
return false;
}
while (--pc >= 0) {
if (ta[to++] != pa[po++]) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
/**
* 是否以某个字符子串开始
*/
public boolean startsWith(String prefix) {
return startsWith(prefix, 0);
}
/**
* 是否以某个字符子串结尾
*/
public boolean endsWith(String suffix) {
return startsWith(suffix, value.length - suffix.value.length);
}
/**
* 返回字符串的哈希码
*/
public int hashCode() {
int h = hash;
if (h == 0 && value.length > 0) {
char val[] = value;
for (int i = 0; i < value.length; i++) {
h = 31 * h + val[i];
}
hash = h;
}
return h;
}
/**
* 字符的索引位置
*/
public int indexOf(int ch) {
return indexOf(ch, 0);
}
public int indexOf(int ch, int fromIndex) {
final int max = value.length;
if (fromIndex < 0) {
fromIndex = 0;
} else if (fromIndex >= max) {
return -1;
}
if (ch < Character.MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINT) {
final char[] value = this.value;
for (int i = fromIndex; i < max; i++) {
if (value[i] == ch) {
return i;
}
}
return -1;
} else {
return indexOfSupplementary(ch, fromIndex);
}
}
private int indexOfSupplementary(int ch, int fromIndex) {
if (Character.isValidCodePoint(ch)) {
final char[] value = this.value;
final char hi = Character.highSurrogate(ch);
final char lo = Character.lowSurrogate(ch);
final int max = value.length - 1;
for (int i = fromIndex; i < max; i++) {
if (value[i] == hi && value[i + 1] == lo) {
return i;
}
}
}
return -1;
}
/**
* 字符最后一次出现的索引位置
*/
public int lastIndexOf(int ch) {
return lastIndexOf(ch, value.length - 1);
}
public int lastIndexOf(int ch, int fromIndex) {
if (ch < Character.MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINT) {
final char[] value = this.value;
int i = Math.min(fromIndex, value.length - 1);
for (; i >= 0; i--) {
if (value[i] == ch) {
return i;
}
}
return -1;
} else {
return lastIndexOfSupplementary(ch, fromIndex);
}
}
private int lastIndexOfSupplementary(int ch, int fromIndex) {
if (Character.isValidCodePoint(ch)) {
final char[] value = this.value;
char hi = Character.highSurrogate(ch);
char lo = Character.lowSurrogate(ch);
int i = Math.min(fromIndex, value.length - 2);
for (; i >= 0; i--) {
if (value[i] == hi && value[i + 1] == lo) {
return i;
}
}
}
return -1;
}
/**
* 字符索引位置
*/
public int indexOf(String str) {
return indexOf(str, 0);
}
public int indexOf(String str, int fromIndex) {
return indexOf(value, 0, value.length,
str.value, 0, str.value.length, fromIndex);
}
static int indexOf(char[] source, int sourceOffset, int sourceCount,
String target, int fromIndex) {
return indexOf(source, sourceOffset, sourceCount,
target.value, 0, target.value.length,
fromIndex);
}
static int indexOf(char[] source, int sourceOffset, int sourceCount,
char[] target, int targetOffset, int targetCount,
int fromIndex) {
if (fromIndex >= sourceCount) {
return (targetCount == 0 ? sourceCount : -1);
}
if (fromIndex < 0) {
fromIndex = 0;
}
if (targetCount == 0) {
return fromIndex;
}
char first = target[targetOffset];
int max = sourceOffset + (sourceCount - targetCount);
for (int i = sourceOffset + fromIndex; i <= max; i++) {
if (source[i] != first) {
while (++i <= max && source[i] != first);
}
if (i <= max) {
int j = i + 1;
int end = j + targetCount - 1;
for (int k = targetOffset + 1; j < end && source[j]
== target[k]; j++, k++);
if (j == end) {
return i - sourceOffset;
}
}
}
return -1;
}
/**
* 返回指定子字符串最后一次出现的字符串中的索引
*/
public int lastIndexOf(String str) {
return lastIndexOf(str, value.length);
}
public int lastIndexOf(String str, int fromIndex) {
return lastIndexOf(value, 0, value.length,
str.value, 0, str.value.length, fromIndex);
}
static int lastIndexOf(char[] source, int sourceOffset, int sourceCount,
String target, int fromIndex) {
return lastIndexOf(source, sourceOffset, sourceCount,
target.value, 0, target.value.length,
fromIndex);
}
static int lastIndexOf(char[] source, int sourceOffset, int sourceCount,
char[] target, int targetOffset, int targetCount,
int fromIndex) {
int rightIndex = sourceCount - targetCount;
if (fromIndex < 0) {
return -1;
}
if (fromIndex > rightIndex) {
fromIndex = rightIndex;
}
if (targetCount == 0) {
return fromIndex;
}
int strLastIndex = targetOffset + targetCount - 1;
char strLastChar = target[strLastIndex];
int min = sourceOffset + targetCount - 1;
int i = min + fromIndex;
startSearchForLastChar:
while (true) {
while (i >= min && source[i] != strLastChar) {
i--;
}
if (i < min) {
return -1;
}
int j = i - 1;
int start = j - (targetCount - 1);
int k = strLastIndex - 1;
while (j > start) {
if (source[j--] != target[k--]) {
i--;
continue startSearchForLastChar;
}
}
return start - sourceOffset + 1;
}
}
/**
* 字符串截取，从给定索引开始
*/
public String substring(int beginIndex) {
if (beginIndex < 0) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(beginIndex);
}
int subLen = value.length - beginIndex;
if (subLen < 0) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(subLen);
}
return (beginIndex == 0) ? this : new String(value, beginIndex, subLen);
}
/**
* 从给定范围截取字符串
*/
public String substring(int beginIndex, int endIndex) {
if (beginIndex < 0) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(beginIndex);
}
if (endIndex > value.length) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(endIndex);
}
int subLen = endIndex - beginIndex;
if (subLen < 0) {
throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(subLen);
}
return ((beginIndex == 0) && (endIndex == value.length)) ? this
: new String(value, beginIndex, subLen);
}
/**
* 字符子串
*/
public CharSequence subSequence(int beginIndex, int endIndex) {
return this.substring(beginIndex, endIndex);
}
/**
* 字符串拼接并返回拼接后的字符串
*/
public String concat(String str) {
if (str.isEmpty()) {
return this;
}
int len = value.length;
int otherLen = str.length();
char buf[] = Arrays.copyOf(value, len + otherLen);
str.getChars(buf, len);
return new String(buf, true);
}
/**
* 字符替换
*/
public String replace(char oldChar, char newChar) {
if (oldChar != newChar) {
int len = value.length;
int i = -1;
char[] val = value;
while (++i < len) {
if (val[i] == oldChar) {
break;
}
}
if (i < len) {
char buf[] = new char[len];
for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
buf[j] = val[j];
}
while (i < len) {
char c = val[i];
buf[i] = (c == oldChar) ? newChar : c;
i++;
}
return new String(buf, true);
}
}
return this;
}
/**
* 判断字符串是否匹配给定的正则表达式
*/
public boolean matches(String regex) {
return Pattern.matches(regex, this);
}
/**
* 判断字符串是否包含某个字符子串
*/
public boolean contains(CharSequence s) {
return indexOf(s.toString()) > -1;
}
/**
* 替换第一次出现字符子串并返回替换后的字符串
*/
public String replaceFirst(String regex, String replacement) {
return Pattern.compile(regex).matcher(this).replaceFirst(replacement);
}
/**
* 替换所有字符子串并返回替换后的字符串
*/
public String replaceAll(String regex, String replacement) {
return Pattern.compile(regex).matcher(this).replaceAll(replacement);
}
/**
* 替换字符子串并返回替换后的字符串
*/
public String replace(CharSequence target, CharSequence replacement) {
return Pattern.compile(target.toString(), Pattern.LITERAL).matcher(
this).replaceAll(Matcher.quoteReplacement(replacement.toString()));
}
/**
* 以指定字符子串为界，将String转为String数组,数组元素个数为limit
*/
public String[] split(String regex, int limit) {
char ch = 0;
if (((regex.value.length == 1 &&
".$|()[{^?*+\\".indexOf(ch = regex.charAt(0)) == -1) ||
(regex.length() == 2 &&
regex.charAt(0) == '\\' &&
(((ch = regex.charAt(1))-'0')|('9'-ch)) < 0 &&
((ch-'a')|('z'-ch)) < 0 &&
((ch-'A')|('Z'-ch)) < 0)) &&
(ch < Character.MIN_HIGH_SURROGATE ||
ch > Character.MAX_LOW_SURROGATE))
{
int off = 0;
int next = 0;
boolean limited = limit > 0;
ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
while ((next = indexOf(ch, off)) != -1) {
if (!limited || list.size() < limit - 1) {
list.add(substring(off, next));
off = next + 1;
} else {
list.add(substring(off, value.length));
off = value.length;
break;
}
}
if (off == 0)
return new String[]{this};
if (!limited || list.size() < limit)
list.add(substring(off, value.length));
int resultSize = list.size();
if (limit == 0) {
while (resultSize > 0 && list.get(resultSize - 1).isEmpty()) {
resultSize--;
}
}
String[] result = new String[resultSize];
return list.subList(0, resultSize).toArray(result);
}
return Pattern.compile(regex).split(this, limit);
}
/**
* 以指定字符子串为界，将String转为String数组
*/
public String[] split(String regex) {
return split(regex, 0);
}
/**
* 拼接字符串
*/
public static String join(CharSequence delimiter, CharSequence... elements) {
Objects.requireNonNull(delimiter);
Objects.requireNonNull(elements);
StringJoiner joiner = new StringJoiner(delimiter);
for (CharSequence cs: elements) {
joiner.add(cs);
}
return joiner.toString();
}
public static String join(CharSequence delimiter,
Iterable<? extends CharSequence> elements) {
Objects.requireNonNull(delimiter);
Objects.requireNonNull(elements);
StringJoiner joiner = new StringJoiner(delimiter);
for (CharSequence cs: elements) {
joiner.add(cs);
}
return joiner.toString();
}
/**
* 基于Locale将字符串内字符转小写
*/
public String toLowerCase(Locale locale) {
if (locale == null) {
throw new NullPointerException();
}
int firstUpper;
final int len = value.length;
scan: {
for (firstUpper = 0 ; firstUpper < len; ) {
char c = value[firstUpper];
if ((c >= Character.MIN_HIGH_SURROGATE)
&& (c <= Character.MAX_HIGH_SURROGATE)) {
int supplChar = codePointAt(firstUpper);
if (supplChar != Character.toLowerCase(supplChar)) {
break scan;
}
firstUpper += Character.charCount(supplChar);
} else {
if (c != Character.toLowerCase(c)) {
break scan;
}
firstUpper++;
}
}
return this;
}
char[] result = new char[len];
int resultOffset = 0;
System.arraycopy(value, 0, result, 0, firstUpper);
String lang = locale.getLanguage();
boolean localeDependent =
(lang == "tr" || lang == "az" || lang == "lt");
char[] lowerCharArray;
int lowerChar;
int srcChar;
int srcCount;
for (int i = firstUpper; i < len; i += srcCount) {
srcChar = (int)value[i];
if ((char)srcChar >= Character.MIN_HIGH_SURROGATE
&& (char)srcChar <= Character.MAX_HIGH_SURROGATE) {
srcChar = codePointAt(i);
srcCount = Character.charCount(srcChar);
} else {
srcCount = 1;
}
if (localeDependent ||
srcChar == '\u03A3' ||
srcChar == '\u0130') {
lowerChar = ConditionalSpecialCasing.toLowerCaseEx(this, i, locale);
} else {
lowerChar = Character.toLowerCase(srcChar);
}
if ((lowerChar == Character.ERROR)
|| (lowerChar >= Character.MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINT)) {
if (lowerChar == Character.ERROR) {
lowerCharArray =
ConditionalSpecialCasing.toLowerCaseCharArray(this, i, locale);
} else if (srcCount == 2) {
resultOffset += Character.toChars(lowerChar, result, i + resultOffset) - srcCount;
continue;
} else {
lowerCharArray = Character.toChars(lowerChar);
}
int mapLen = lowerCharArray.length;
if (mapLen > srcCount) {
char[] result2 = new char[result.length + mapLen - srcCount];
System.arraycopy(result, 0, result2, 0, i + resultOffset);
result = result2;
}
for (int x = 0; x < mapLen; ++x) {
result[i + resultOffset + x] = lowerCharArray[x];
}
resultOffset += (mapLen - srcCount);
} else {
result[i + resultOffset] = (char)lowerChar;
}
}
return new String(result, 0, len + resultOffset);
}
/**
* 字符串内字符转小写
*/
public String toLowerCase() {
return toLowerCase(Locale.getDefault());
}
/**
* 基于Locale将字符串内字符转大写
*/
public String toUpperCase(Locale locale) {
if (locale == null) {
throw new NullPointerException();
}
int firstLower;
final int len = value.length;
scan: {
for (firstLower = 0 ; firstLower < len; ) {
int c = (int)value[firstLower];
int srcCount;
if ((c >= Character.MIN_HIGH_SURROGATE)
&& (c <= Character.MAX_HIGH_SURROGATE)) {
c = codePointAt(firstLower);
srcCount = Character.charCount(c);
} else {
srcCount = 1;
}
int upperCaseChar = Character.toUpperCaseEx(c);
if ((upperCaseChar == Character.ERROR)
|| (c != upperCaseChar)) {
break scan;
}
firstLower += srcCount;
}
return this;
}
int resultOffset = 0;
char[] result = new char[len]; /* may grow */
System.arraycopy(value, 0, result, 0, firstLower);
String lang = locale.getLanguage();
boolean localeDependent =
(lang == "tr" || lang == "az" || lang == "lt");
char[] upperCharArray;
int upperChar;
int srcChar;
int srcCount;
for (int i = firstLower; i < len; i += srcCount) {
srcChar = (int)value[i];
if ((char)srcChar >= Character.MIN_HIGH_SURROGATE &&
(char)srcChar <= Character.MAX_HIGH_SURROGATE) {
srcChar = codePointAt(i);
srcCount = Character.charCount(srcChar);
} else {
srcCount = 1;
}
if (localeDependent) {
upperChar = ConditionalSpecialCasing.toUpperCaseEx(this, i, locale);
} else {
upperChar = Character.toUpperCaseEx(srcChar);
}
if ((upperChar == Character.ERROR)
|| (upperChar >= Character.MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINT)) {
if (upperChar == Character.ERROR) {
if (localeDependent) {
upperCharArray =
ConditionalSpecialCasing.toUpperCaseCharArray(this, i, locale);
} else {
upperCharArray = Character.toUpperCaseCharArray(srcChar);
}
} else if (srcCount == 2) {
resultOffset += Character.toChars(upperChar, result, i + resultOffset) - srcCount;
continue;
} else {
upperCharArray = Character.toChars(upperChar);
}
int mapLen = upperCharArray.length;
if (mapLen > srcCount) {
char[] result2 = new char[result.length + mapLen - srcCount];
System.arraycopy(result, 0, result2, 0, i + resultOffset);
result = result2;
}
for (int x = 0; x < mapLen; ++x) {
result[i + resultOffset + x] = upperCharArray[x];
}
resultOffset += (mapLen - srcCount);
} else {
result[i + resultOffset] = (char)upperChar;
}
}
return new String(result, 0, len + resultOffset);
}
/**
* 字符串内字符转大写
*/
public String toUpperCase() {
return toUpperCase(Locale.getDefault());
}
/**
* 删除字符串前后空格
*/
public String trim() {
int len = value.length;
int st = 0;
char[] val = value;
while ((st < len) && (val[st] <= ' ')) {
st++;
}
while ((st < len) && (val[len - 1] <= ' ')) {
len--;
}
return ((st > 0) || (len < value.length)) ? substring(st, len) : this;
}
public String toString() {
return this;
}
/**
* 字符串转char数组
*/
public char[] toCharArray() {
char result[] = new char[value.length];
System.arraycopy(value, 0, result, 0, value.length);
return result;
}
/**
* 格式化的字符串
*/
public static String format(String format, Object... args) {
return new Formatter().format(format, args).toString();
}
public static String format(Locale l, String format, Object... args) {
return new Formatter(l).format(format, args).toString();
}
/**
* Object转String
*/
public static String valueOf(Object obj) {
return (obj == null) ? "null" : obj.toString();
}
/**
* char转String
*/
public static String valueOf(char data[]) {
return new String(data);
}
/**
* char转String
*/
public static String valueOf(char data[], int offset, int count) {
return new String(data, offset, count);
}
/**
* char转String，其中offset为偏移量，count为字符数
*/
public static String copyValueOf(char data[], int offset, int count) {
return new String(data, offset, count);
}
/**
* char转String
*/
public static String copyValueOf(char data[]) {
return new String(data);
}
/**
* boolean转String
*/
public static String valueOf(boolean b) {
return b ? "true" : "false";
}
/**
* char转String
*/
public static String valueOf(char c) {
char data[] = {c};
return new String(data, true);
}
/**
* int转String
*/
public static String valueOf(int i) {
return Integer.toString(i);
}
/**
* long转String
*/
public static String valueOf(long l) {
return Long.toString(l);
}
/**
* float转String
*/
public static String valueOf(float f) {
return Float.toString(f);
}
/**
* double转String
*/
public static String valueOf(double d) {
return Double.toString(d);
}
/**
* 当且仅当s.equals(t)为真时，s.intern()==t.intern()才为真
*/
public native String intern();
}
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