面向对象的使用，一个使用实例

汽车租赁系统。

设计思路：分别去写一个汽车父类，三个子类分别是卡车类，公共汽车类，小汽车类。一个汽车管理类，一个测试类来实现

父类：

public abstract class MotoVehicle {
	private String number;//车牌号
	private String brand;//车型
	private int dayPrice;//日租金
	
	public MotoVehicle(){}
	public MotoVehicle(String number,String brand,int dayPrice){
		this.number = number;
		this.brand = brand;
		this.dayPrice = dayPrice;
	}
	public String getNumber() {
		return number;
	}
	public void setNumber(String number) {
		this.number = number;
	}
	public String getBrand() {
		return brand;
	}
	public void setBrand(String brand) {
		this.brand = brand;
	}
	public int getDayPrice() {
		return dayPrice;
	}
	public void setDayPrice(int dayPrice) {
		this.dayPrice = dayPrice;
	}
	public abstract double sumPrice(int day);

}

小汽车类：

public class Car1 extends MotoVehicle {
	private String type;
	
	public Car1(){}
	public Car1(String number,String brand,int dayPrice,String type){
		super(number,brand,dayPrice);
		this.type = type;
	}
	public void setType(String type){
		this.type = type;
	}
	public String getType(){
		return  type;
	}
	public double sumPrice(int day) {
		double price = this.getDayPrice()*day; 
		if(day>=7 && day<30){
			price *= 0.9; 
		}else if(day>=30 && day<150){
			price *= 0.8;
		}
		else if(day>=150){
			price *= 0.7;
		}
		return price;

	}

}

公共汽车类：

public class Bus extends MotoVehicle{
	private int seatCount;
	public Bus(){}
	public Bus(String number,String brand,int dayPrice,int seatCount){
		super(number,brand,dayPrice);
		this.seatCount = seatCount;
	}
	

	public int getSeatCount() {
		return seatCount;
	}
	public void setSeatCount(int seatCount) {
		this.seatCount = seatCount;
	}
	public double sumPrice(int day) {
		double price = this.getDayPrice()*day;
		if(day>=3 && day<7){
			price *= 0.9; 
		}else if(day>=7 && day<30){
			price *= 0.8;
		}
		else if(day>=30 && day<150){
			price *= 0.7;
		}
		else if(day>=150){
			price *= 0.6;
		}
		return price;
	}

}

大卡车：

public class BigCar extends MotoVehicle {
	private int dun;
	
	public BigCar(){}
	public BigCar(String number,String brand,int dayPrice,int dun){
		super(number,brand,dayPrice);
		this.dun = dun;
	}
	public int getDun() {
		return dun;
	}
	public void setDun(int dun) {
		this.dun = dun;
	}
	public double sumPrice(int day) {
		double price = this.getDun()*this.getDayPrice()*day; 
		return price;

	}

}

汽车管理类：

public class MotoManager {
	MotoVehicle[] motos = new MotoVehicle[12];
	public void init(){
	//初始化汽车
	motos[0] = new Car1("京NY54689","宝马",800,"X6");
	motos[1] = new Car1("京NT85258","宝马",600,"500i");
	motos[2] = new Car1("京NS12356","别克",300,"林荫大道");
	motos[3] = new Car1("京NC96874","别克",600,"别克GL8");
	motos[4] = new Bus("京CT56566","金杯",800,16);
	motos[5] = new Bus("京CE96542","金龙",800,16);
	motos[6] = new Bus("京CQ41236","金杯",1500,34);
	motos[7] = new Bus("京CY12345","金龙",1500,34);
	motos[8] = new BigCar("京CJ56235","中型卡车",50,10);
	motos[9] = new BigCar("京CY85236","大型卡车",50,50);
	motos[10] = new BigCar("京CY35268","中型卡车",50,20);
	motos[11] = new BigCar("京CY88888","大型卡车",50,100);
	
	}
	//租车代码，所以要使用汽车类作为返回值，返回汽车的类型
	//下面代码就是返回给用户一个租车的类型
	public MotoVehicle zuChe(String brand,String type,int seat,int dun){
		MotoVehicle moto = null;
		for(MotoVehicle m : motos){
			if(m instanceof Car1){
				Car1 car = (Car1)m;
				if(car.getBrand().equals(brand) && car.getType().equals(type)){
					moto = car;
					break;
				}
			}else if(m instanceof Bus){ 
				Bus bus = (Bus)m;
				if(bus.getBrand().equals(brand) && bus.getSeatCount() == seat){
					moto = bus;
					break;
				}
				else if(m instanceof BigCar){
					BigCar bcar = (BigCar)m;
					if(bcar.getBrand().equals(brand) && bcar.getDun()==dun){
						moto = bcar;
						break;
					}
				}
			}
		}
			return moto;
		}
}

最后一个测试类：

public static void main(String[] args) {
		Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
		MotoManager mtmg = new MotoManager();
		mtmg.init(); 
		System.out.println("**************欢迎使用租车公司系统****************");
		String brand = null;
		String type = "";
		int seat = 0;
		int dun=0;
		String str = null;
		double sumMoney = 0;
		double money =0;
		do{
			
			System.out.println("请选择您要租车的类型（1、轿车    2、客车   3、卡车）：");
			int n = input.nextInt();
//			String brand = null;
//			String type = "";
//			int seat = 0;
//			int dun=0;
			switch(n){
			case 1:{
				seat = 0;
				dun = 0;
				System.out.println("请选择您想要租的类型（1、宝马    2、别克）：");
				int m = input.nextInt();
				if(m == 1){
					brand = "宝马";
					System.out.println("请选择您想要租的车型号（1、X6    2、500i）：");
					type = (input.nextInt() == 1)?"X6":"500i";
				}
				else if(m == 2){
					brand = "别克";
					System.out.println("请选择您想要租的车型号（1、林荫大道    2、别克GL8）：");
					type = (input.nextInt() == 1)?"林荫大道":"别克GL8";
				}
				break;
			}
			case 2:{
				type = "";
				dun = 0;
				System.out.println("请选择您想要租的类型（1、金杯    2、金龙）：");
				int m1 = input.nextInt();
				if(m1 == 1){
					brand = "金杯";
					System.out.println("请选择车的座位数（1、16   2、34）：");
					seat = (input.nextInt()==1)?16:34;
				}
				else if(m1 == 2){
					brand = "金龙";
					System.out.println("请选择车的座位数（1、16   2、34）：");
					seat = (input.nextInt()==1)?16:34;
				}
				break;
			}
			case 3:{
				type = "";
				seat = 0;
				System.out.println("请选择您想要租的卡车类型（1、中型卡车    2、大型卡车）：");
				int m2 = input.nextInt();
				if(m2 == 1){
					brand = "中型卡车";
					System.out.println("请选择车的吨位数（1、10   2、20）：");
					dun = (input.nextInt()==1)?10:20;
				}else if(m2 == 2){
					brand = "大型卡车";
					System.out.println("请选择车的吨位数（1、50   2、100）：");
					dun = (input.nextInt()==1)?50:100;
				}
				break;
			}
			default:{
				System.out.println("输入有误！请按照提示正确输入：");
				n = input.nextInt();
			}
		}
			MotoVehicle motos = mtmg.zuChe(brand,type,seat,dun);
			System.out.println("请输入您要租赁的天数：");
			int day = input.nextInt();
			money = motos.sumPrice(day); 
			System.out.println("租车成功，您租的是"+motos.getBrand()+",请按照车牌号"+motos.getNumber()+"提车。");
			System.out.println("您本次需要支付租金："+money);
			sumMoney +=money;
			System.out.print("是否继续租车（y/n）:");
			str = input.next();
			}while(str.equals("y"));
			
			System.out.println("本次租车总共"+sumMoney+"元");
			System.out.println("谢谢您的使用！！");
	}