Configuring Virtual IP

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lee79

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-05 21:17:09 发布

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分类专栏：硬件网络文章标签： Windows Linux XP UP Solaris

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Configuring IP addresses

Overview

When you create and start the network, the simulator will dynamically configure the specified IP address of the devices in your system. For example, if you create a network with IP address 200.201.202.1 to 200.201.202.10, the IP address will be dynamically configured in the system when each agent instance is started. This facility is supported in Windows NT, 2000, XP, Linux and Solaris OS, when the system is started with Admin user access.

NOTE : Do not assign addresses that are already used by existing devices in your network. The IP addresses you give to the simulated devices must be unique within the network on which the simulation is running.

Creating and Deleting Virtual IPs from a batch/shell script

To create virtual IPs from a batch/shell script:

Run CreateVIP.bat/sh file from <SimulatorHome>/bin/cmdline directory.
Specify the starting IP address and the number of devices for which the virtual IPs must be created and click OK . The specified number of virtual ips will be created.

Syntax : CreateVIP.bat <Starting IP Address> <No. of IP Addresses to be created>

Example : CreateVIP.bat 192.168.1.1 100

To delete virtual IPs from a batch/shell script:

Run DeleteVIP.bat/sh file from <SimulatorHome>/bin/cmdline directory.
Specify the starting IP address and the number of virtual IPs to be deleted and click OK . The specified number of virtual ips will be deleted from the system.

Syntax : DeleteVIP.bat <Starting IP Address> <No. of IP Addresses to be deleted>

Example :DeleteVIP.bat 192.168.1.1 100

Manual Configuration of Virtual IP address

The links given below will guide you to configure the virtual ip address, manually. Select the appropriate links based on the OS used.

Configuring Virtual IP Address in Windows NT

The procedure to configure multiple virtual IP addresses in Windows NT is given below. This procedure can be performed only by an user with admin privilege.

Click on the Start Menu on the Taskbar and choose Control Panel .
Double-click Network among the components displayed in the Control Panel. This opens up a Network dialog with 5 tabs.
Choose the Protocols tab and click on TCP / IP Protocol from listed protocols.
Click on Properties button when TCP / IP Protocol is selected.
This brings up the Microsoft TCP / IP properties dialog ; choose IP Address tab .
Click the Advanced button ; this will bring the Advanced IP addressing with the Adapter Name shown above the configured IP addresses in your system.
Click Add to display the TCP/ IP Address dialog. Specify IP Address and the corresponding Subnet Mask .
Re-start the system for the changes to take effect.

Configuring Virtual IP Address in Windows XP/2000/ ME/2003

The procedure to configure virtual IP addresses in bulk under Windows XP/2000/ME is given below. This procedure can be performed only by an user with admin privilege.

Click on the Start Menu and choose Settings .
Among the listed items select Network and Dial-up connections .
Select Local area connection from the items under Network and Dial-up connections ; this opens with the general information on Local area connection status.
Click on the Properties button. The Local area connection properties dialog opens listing all the protocols.
Choose Internet Protocol ( TCP / IP ) and click on the Properties button.
The Internet Protocol TCP / IP Properties dialog is invoked. Click on the Advanced button at the bottom of the dialog. The Advanced TCP / IP settings dialog displays all the configured IP addresses in your system.
Click Add button next to the displayed IP addresses to add an IP address with a corresponding sub-net mask.
You will have to re-start the system for the changes to take effect.

Configuring Virtual IP Address in bulk under Windows 2000

The procedure to configure virtual IP addresses in bulk under Windows 2000 is given below. This procedure can be performed only by an user with admin privilege.

Select Start ->Run and type regedt32 in the run dialog ( or you can type it on the DOS prompt) .
This will bring up the Registry Editor - HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE on Local Machine screen.
Choose the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE on the tree displayed on the left hand side.
Choose the path : HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE -> System -> CurrentControlSet -> Services > NetBT -> Parameters -> Interfaces . Here, you will find a series of Tcpip_{labels} under Interfaces, an example is shown below: Tcpip_{2B34C0C3_FCA8_486C_8559_989429901786}
Select all the Tcpip_{labels} listed to check if the right hand side data content which has Netbios Options:REG_DWORD :0x1 and make a note of this Tcpip_{ label } .
Search for this label under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE ->System -> CurrentControlSet -> Services -> Tcpip -> Parameters -> Interfaces . Here, you will find the same Tcpip_{label } (that you had noted down in point 5). When you select this, the right side data content will display IP address and properties.
Double click on the IP address field . This opens a Multi-String editor where the virtual IP addresses you want have to be keyed in. You can cut and paste to minimise the time for large number of IPs .
When you have finished entering the IP addresses, select the subnetmask field ( 255.255.255.0) in the right hand side. This opens a Multi-String editor where the subnetmask you want have to be keyed in. Enter the same number of subnetmasks(255.255.255.0) as the number of IPs.
You will have to re-start the system for the changes to take effect.
Now you should be able to ping these virtual IP addresses. Also, make sure that there are no conflicts in the network ( i.e the virtual IP you have configured is not already being used by some other user).

Configuring Virtual IP Address in Windows in DHCP mode

The procedure to configure virtual IP addresses in windows with DHCP mode is the same as Configuring Virtual IP Address in bulk under Windows 2000 .

Configuring Virtual IP Address in Linux

Invoke the linuxconf tool. ( type linuxconf in the shell prompt and press Enter ). For starting this tool you have to be logged in as Super user.
In the displayed menu, select the menu item : IP Aliases for virtual hosts and press Enter . This will display the two interfaces eth0 and lo. ( Ethernet interfaces in Linux are called by such names as eth0 and eth1)
Select eth0 and press Enter . This will show all the IP aliases configured for the selected interface.
In the field IP alias or range, enter the desired IP address or the range with a corresponding Netmask.

Example

IP alias or range : 177.177.177.1-25
Netmask : 255.255.255.0

Note :

These commands have to be executed with the super user privilege.
You will have to re-start the system for the changes to take effect.
When you are configuring a large number of IP address, it might take a long time to boot up.

Using the following command, we can configure Virtual IPs in the Linux box at run-time without re-booting the machine or re-starting the network.

ifconfig eth0:1 172.19.1.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 up

ifconfig eth0:3 172.19.1.3 netmask 255.255.255.0 up

The interface number must be unique for each interface (for example eth0:1, eth0:2 etc). The same interfaces can be made down by using the following command.

ifconfig eth0:1 172.19.1.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 down

ifconfig eth0:3 172.19.1.3 netmask 255.255.255.0 down

Note :

These commands have to be executed with the super user privilege.
It can be used in versions up to 7.2
The configurations will not be available when you re-start your system.

Configuring Virtual IP Address in Solaris

Follow the three simple steps that will help you to configure virtual IP address :

Edit the /etc/hosts file and add additional IP addresses, along with the associated hostname. For example : To add 192.168.0.1 (web1) and 192.168.0.2 (web2) to the system, enter in the following manner.

192.168.0.1 web1
192.168.0.2 web2

The system needs to be configured for the newly added IP addresses.

Create the startup files so that the system will automatically add the new IP addresses upon bootup.

a. Create new files in the /etc directory. The file names should follow the following convention according to the new ip address added.

hostname.hme0:1
hostname.hme0:2

b. The contents of these files will be a single line with the respective hostname entered. For example:

- 
File Name

Contents

hostname.hme0:1

hostname.hme0:2

web1

web2

File Name	Contents
hostname.hme0:1 hostname.hme0:2	web1 web2

The file "hostname.hme0:1" will contain "web1" and "hostname.hme0:2" will contain "web2".

If you look in the "/etc" directory, you will find a file named "hostname.hme0" (which is the real interface, the :n represents the virtual interface). In this file, you will find the name of your system. If you look in the "/etc/hosts" file, you will find your IP address.

Now you have configured virtual IP address for two new interfaces that you have added ( .hme0:1 and .hme0:2 .

To activate this virtual IP address, you have to provide the following commands :

# ifconfig hme0:1 plumb

# ifconfig hme0:2 plumb

The system startup in Solaris searches the "/etc" directory for files named "hostname.*". When it finds one or more of these files, it reads the hostname from them, looks up the hostname in the "/etc/hosts" file for a match, and if found, configures the interface with the IP address of the match.

Please re-boot your system for the virtual IP address to be configured in your system.

(OR)

To configure the interface without re-starting the system , use the "ifconfig" command. To add the two IP addresses, type:

# ifconfig hme0:1 192.168.0.1 up

# ifconfig hme0:2 192.168.0.2 up

After having issued these two commands, the system would recognize the new IP addresses immediately, without re-booting the system.