ubuntu-14.04安装jdk1.8.0_144与配置环境变量

1.源码包准备:

首先到官网下载jdk，http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

2、解压源码包

通过终端在/usr/local目录下新建java文件夹，命令行：

sudo mkdir /usr/local/java

然后将下载到压缩包拷贝到java文件夹中，命令行：

进入jdk源码包所在目录

cp jdk-8u25-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/java  

然后进入java目录，命令行：

cd /usr/local/java  

解压压缩包，命令行：

sudo tar xvf jdk-8u25-linux-x64.tar.gz  

然后可以把压缩包删除，命令行：

sudo rm jdk-8u25-linux-x64.tar.gz  

3、设置jdk环境变量

这里采用全局设置方法，它是是所有用户的共用的环境变量

$sudo gedit ~/.bashrc  

打开之后在末尾添加

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_144  
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH
export ANDROID_JAVA_HOME=$/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_144
export ANDROID_JAVA_TOOLCHAIN=$/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_144/bin/

 

请记住，在上述添加过程中，等号两侧不要加入空格，不然会出现“不是有效的标识符”，因为source /etc/profile 时不能识别多余到空格，会理解为是路径一部分。

 

然后保存。

4、检验是否安装成功
在终端输入如下命令

java -version

 

本机环境变量配置如下

# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)
# for examples

# If not running interactively, don't do anything
case $- in
    *i*) ;;
      *) return;;
esac

# don't put duplicate lines or lines starting with space in the history.
# See bash(1) for more options
HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth

# append to the history file, don't overwrite it
shopt -s histappend

# for setting history length see HISTSIZE and HISTFILESIZE in bash(1)
HISTSIZE=1000
HISTFILESIZE=2000

# check the window size after each command and, if necessary,
# update the values of LINES and COLUMNS.
shopt -s checkwinsize

# If set, the pattern "**" used in a pathname expansion context will
# match all files and zero or more directories and subdirectories.
#shopt -s globstar

# make less more friendly for non-text input files, see lesspipe(1)
[ -x /usr/bin/lesspipe ] && eval "$(SHELL=/bin/sh lesspipe)"

# set variable identifying the chroot you work in (used in the prompt below)
if [ -z "${debian_chroot:-}" ] && [ -r /etc/debian_chroot ]; then
    debian_chroot=$(cat /etc/debian_chroot)
fi

# set a fancy prompt (non-color, unless we know we "want" color)
case "$TERM" in
    xterm-color) color_prompt=yes;;
esac

# uncomment for a colored prompt, if the terminal has the capability; turned
# off by default to not distract the user: the focus in a terminal window
# should be on the output of commands, not on the prompt
#force_color_prompt=yes

if [ -n "$force_color_prompt" ]; then
    if [ -x /usr/bin/tput ] && tput setaf 1 >&/dev/null; then
	# We have color support; assume it's compliant with Ecma-48
	# (ISO/IEC-6429). (Lack of such support is extremely rare, and such
	# a case would tend to support setf rather than setaf.)
	color_prompt=yes
    else
	color_prompt=
    fi
fi

if [ "$color_prompt" = yes ]; then
    PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\W\[\033[00m\]\$ '
else
    PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\W\$ '
fi
unset color_prompt force_color_prompt

# If this is an xterm set the title to user@host:dir
case "$TERM" in
xterm*|rxvt*)
    PS1="\[\e]0;${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h: \W\a\]$PS1"
    ;;
*)
    ;;
esac

# enable color support of ls and also add handy aliases
if [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then
    test -r ~/.dircolors && eval "$(dircolors -b ~/.dircolors)" || eval "$(dircolors -b)"
    alias ls='ls --color=auto'
    #alias dir='dir --color=auto'
    #alias vdir='vdir --color=auto'

    alias grep='grep --color=auto'
    alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'
    alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'
fi

# some more ls aliases
alias ll='ls -alF'
alias la='ls -A'
alias l='ls -CF'
alias ..5='cd ../../../../../'

# Add an "alert" alias for long running commands.  Use like so:
#   sleep 10; alert
alias alert='notify-send --urgency=low -i "$([ $? = 0 ] && echo terminal || echo error)" "$(history|tail -n1|sed -e '\''s/^\s*[0-9]\+\s*//;s/[;&|]\s*alert$//'\'')"'

# Alias definitions.
# You may want to put all your additions into a separate file like
# ~/.bash_aliases, instead of adding them here directly.
# See /usr/share/doc/bash-doc/examples in the bash-doc package.

if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then
    . ~/.bash_aliases
fi

# enable programmable completion features (you don't need to enable
# this, if it's already enabled in /etc/bash.bashrc and /etc/profile
# sources /etc/bash.bashrc).
if ! shopt -oq posix; then
  if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then
    . /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
  elif [ -f /etc/bash_completion ]; then
    . /etc/bash_completion
  fi
fi
export PATH=/home/pateo/mtk/mtk-tools/mtktools/mtk-toolchain/gnuarm-4.2.1/image-tools:$PATH
export PATH=/home/pateo/mtk/mtk-tools/mtktools/mtk-toolchain/gnuarm-4.4.1/cross-tools/usr/local/bin:$PATH
export PATH=/home/pateo/mtk/mtk-tools/mtktools/mtk-toolchain/vfp_4.5.1_2.6.27_cortex-a9-rhel4/i686/bin:$PATH

export ANT_HOME=/home/pateo/apache-ant-1.8.2


export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_144  
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$ANT_HOME/bin:$PATH
export ANDROID_JAVA_HOME=$/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_144
export ANDROID_JAVA_TOOLCHAIN=$/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_144/bin/

export PATH=/home/pateo/software/AndroidStudio/sdk/platform-tools/:$PATH

#export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.7.0_76
#export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
#export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
#export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$ANT_HOME/bin:$PATH
#export ANDROID_JAVA_HOME=$/usr/local/jdk1.7.0_76
#export ANDROID_JAVA_TOOLCHAIN=$/usr/local/jdk1.7.0_76/bin/

#export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64
#export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
#export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
#export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$ANT_HOME/bin:$PATH
#export ANDROID_JAVA_HOME=$/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64
#export ANDROID_JAVA_TOOLCHAIN=$/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/bin/



#export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.6.0_45
#export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
#export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
#export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$ANT_HOME/bin:$PATH
#export ANDROID_JAVA_HOME=$/usr/local/java/jdk1.6.0_45
#export ANDROID_JAVA_TOOLCHAIN=$/usr/local/java/jdk1.6.0_45/bin/


#export PATH=/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_45/bin:$ANT_HOME/bin:$PATH
#export ANDROID_JAVA_HOME=$/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_45
#export ANDROID_JAVA_TOOLCHAIN=$/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_45/bin/
#export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_45
#export PATH

export PATH="$PATH:/home/pateo/software/flutter/flutter/bin"
unset USERNAME