poj 2631 1985 hdoj 2196 <树的直径>

Roads in the North

Time Limit: 1000MS		Memory Limit: 65536K
Total Submissions: 2502		Accepted: 1226

Description

Building and maintaining roads among communities in the far North is an expensive business. With this in mind, the roads are build such that there is only one route from a village to a village that does not pass through some other village twice. 
Given is an area in the far North comprising a number of villages and roads among them such that any village can be reached by road from any other village. Your job is to find the road distance between the two most remote villages in the area. 

The area has up to 10,000 villages connected by road segments. The villages are numbered from 1. 

Input

Input to the problem is a sequence of lines, each containing three positive integers: the number of a village, the number of a different village, and the length of the road segment connecting the villages in kilometers. All road segments are two-way.

Output

You are to output a single integer: the road distance between the two most remote villages in the area.

Sample Input

5 1 6
1 4 5
6 3 9
2 6 8
6 1 7

Sample Output

22

Source

The UofA Local 1999.10.16

树的直径 即树中任意两点距离的最大值。

求树的直径：

步骤1：从任意一点p求最远点Q。
此最远点Q必是树的直径的一个顶点--

当p点在树的直径上时，Q一定是树的直径的一个顶点。
当p点不在树的直径上，则p到Q必然于树的直径相交于一点O,那么O到Q必然就是树的直径的后半段了，Q依然是树的直径的一个顶点。


步骤2：从Q点求最远距离。

不定数组用queue和vector相比较--vector在存储和查询时更高效

queue代码超时：

#include<cstdio>
#include<queue>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
struct no{
    int dian;
    int chang;
    bool friend operator <(no xx,no yy)
    {
        return xx.chang>yy.chang;
    }
} now,qian;
struct node {
    int ge;
    queue <no> s1,s2;
}dian[10100];
int n,ll,chang;
void bfs(int ii)
{
    ll=0;chang=0;
    bool fafe[10100];
    memset(fafe,true,sizeof(fafe));
    priority_queue<no> que;fafe[ii]=false;
    for (int i=0;i<dian[ii].ge;i++)
    {
        now=dian[ii].s1.front();
        dian[ii].s1.pop();
        dian[ii].s2.push(now);
        que.push(now);
        fafe[now.dian]=false;
    }
    while (!que.empty())
    {
        now=que.top();
        que.pop();
        ll=now.dian;chang=now.chang;
        for (int i=0;i<dian[now.dian].ge;i++)
        {
            qian=dian[now.dian].s1.front();
            dian[now.dian].s1.pop();
            dian[now.dian].s2.push(qian);
            if (fafe[qian.dian])
            {
                qian.chang+=now.chang;
                que.push(qian);
                fafe[qian.dian]=false;
            }
        }
    }
}
void dfs(int ii)
{
    ll=0;chang=0;
    bool fafe[10100];
    memset(fafe,true,sizeof(fafe));
    priority_queue<no> que;fafe[ii]=false;
    for (int i=0;i<dian[ii].ge;i++)
    {
        now=dian[ii].s2.front();
        dian[ii].s2.pop();
        que.push(now);
        fafe[now.dian]=false;
    }
    while (!que.empty())
    {
        now=que.top();
        que.pop();
        ll=now.dian;chang=now.chang;
        for (int i=0;i<dian[now.dian].ge;i++)
        {
            qian=dian[now.dian].s2.front();
            dian[now.dian].s2.pop();
            if (fafe[qian.dian])
            {
                qian.chang+=now.chang;
                que.push(qian);
                fafe[qian.dian]=false;
            }
        }
    }
}
int main()
{
    int a,b,c;
    n=0;
    for (int i=0;i<10100;i++)
        dian[i].ge=0;
    while (scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c)==3)
    {
        now.dian=b;now.chang=c;
        dian[a].s1.push(now);
        dian[a].ge++;
        now.dian=a;
        dian[b].s1.push(now);
        dian[b].ge++;
        n=max(n,max(a,b));
    }
    bfs(1);
   // printf("%d\n",ll);
    dfs(ll);
    printf("%d\n",chang);
    //printf("chu\n");
    return 0;
}

vector代码：

#include<cstdio>
#include<queue>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
struct no{
    int dian;
    int chang;
    bool friend operator <(no xx,no yy)
    {
        return xx.chang>yy.chang;
    }
} now,qian;
struct node {
    int ge;
    vector <int > chang ;
    vector <int > dian ;
}dian[10100];
int n,ll,chang,dd,cl;
void bfs(int ii)
{
    ll=0;chang=0;
    bool fafe[10100];
    memset(fafe,true,sizeof(fafe));
    priority_queue<no> que;fafe[ii]=false;
    for (int i=0;i<dian[ii].ge;i++)
    {
        dd=dian[ii].dian[i];
        cl=dian[ii].chang[i];
        now.chang=cl;
        now.dian=dd;
        que.push(now);
        fafe[dd]=false;
    }
    while (!que.empty())
    {
        qian=que.top();
        que.pop();
        ll=qian.dian;chang=qian.chang;ii=qian.dian;
        for (int i=0;i<dian[ii].ge;i++)
        {
            dd=dian[ii].dian[i];
            cl=dian[ii].chang[i];
            now.chang=cl+qian.chang;
            now.dian=dd;
            if (fafe[dd])
            {
                que.push(now);
                fafe[dd]=false;
            }
        }
    }
}
int main()
{
    int a,b,c;
    n=0;
    for (int i=0;i<10100;i++)
    dian[i].ge=0;
    while (~scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c))
    {
        dian[a].dian.push_back(b);
        dian[a].chang.push_back(c);
        dian[a].ge++;
        dian[b].dian.push_back(a);
        dian[b].chang.push_back(c);
        dian[b].ge++;
        n=max(n,max(a,b));
    }
    bfs(1);
   // printf("%d\n",ll);
    bfs(ll);
    printf("%d\n",chang);
    return 0;
}

Cow Marathon

Time Limit: 2000MS		Memory Limit: 30000K
Total Submissions: 4771		Accepted: 2348
Case Time Limit: 1000MS

Description

After hearing about the epidemic of obesity in the USA, Farmer John wants his cows to get more exercise, so he has committed to create a bovine marathon for his cows to run. The marathon route will include a pair of farms and a path comprised of a sequence of roads between them. Since FJ wants the cows to get as much exercise as possible he wants to find the two farms on his map that are the farthest apart from each other (distance being measured in terms of total length of road on the path between the two farms). Help him determine the distances between this farthest pair of farms. 

Input

* Lines 1.....: Same input format as "Navigation Nightmare".

Output

* Line 1: An integer giving the distance between the farthest pair of farms. 

Sample Input

7 6
1 6 13 E
6 3 9 E
3 5 7 S
4 1 3 N
2 4 20 W
4 7 2 S

Sample Output

52

Hint

The longest marathon runs from farm 2 via roads 4, 1, 6 and 3 to farm 5 and is of length 20+3+13+9+7=52. 

Source

USACO 2004 February

1.题目虽然既给了点数也给了边数，但实际上边数永远是点数-1，也就是这始终是一棵树。
2.这是一颗无根树，边也都是无向边
3.那个什么nightmare的数据格式完全是坑人的，最后那个表示方向的字符无视掉就好

所以把上面代码的10100改成40100----------main中加入输n和m，方向只输入不需要记录就行了

Computer

Time Limit: 1000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 32768/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 5643    Accepted Submission(s): 2821

Problem Description

A school bought the first computer some time ago(so this computer's id is 1). During the recent years the school bought N-1 new computers. Each new computer was connected to one of settled earlier. Managers of school are anxious about slow functioning of the net and want to know the maximum distance Si for which i-th computer needs to send signal (i.e. length of cable to the most distant computer). You need to provide this information. 


Hint: the example input is corresponding to this graph. And from the graph, you can see that the computer 4 is farthest one from 1, so S1 = 3. Computer 4 and 5 are the farthest ones from 2, so S2 = 2. Computer 5 is the farthest one from 3, so S3 = 3. we also get S4 = 4, S5 = 4.

 

Input

Input file contains multiple test cases.In each case there is natural number N (N<=10000) in the first line, followed by (N-1) lines with descriptions of computers. i-th line contains two natural numbers - number of computer, to which i-th computer is connected and length of cable used for connection. Total length of cable does not exceed 10^9. Numbers in lines of input are separated by a space.

 

Output

For each case output N lines. i-th line must contain number Si for i-th computer (1<=i<=N).

 

Sample Input

  
  

   
   5
1 1
2 1
3 1
1 1
  
  

 

Sample Output

  
  

   
   3
2
3
4
4
  
  

 

Author

scnu

题意：求每个电脑到其他电脑的最远距离：

数的直径的应用：树上各点到距离其最远的点一定是树的直径的一个顶点--

所以我们可以先求出树的直径的两个顶点--然后从两个顶点求到每个点的距离--

每个电脑的最远距离就是到两个顶点距离的最大值

代码：

#include<cstdio>
#include<queue>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
int fer[10200];
struct node{
    int to,w;
    int next;
}bian[22000];
int head[10200];
struct node1 {
	int dian;
	int chang;
	bool friend operator <(node1 xx,node1 yy)
	{
		return xx.chang>yy.chang;
	}
}now,qian;
int length[10200][2];
int bfs(int xx,int lei)
{
	int lp=0;
	priority_queue<node1> que;
	bool fafe[10200];
	memset(fafe,true,sizeof(fafe));
	now.dian=xx;now.chang=0;
	que.push(now);
	fafe[xx]=false;
	int i,j,x,y;
	while (!que.empty())
    {
        now=que.top();
        que.pop();
        x=now.dian;
        if (lei==1)
            length[x][0]=now.chang;
        else if (lei==2)
            length[x][1]=now.chang;
      //  printf("0000   %d    %d\n",x,head[x]);
        lp=x;
        for (i=head[x];i!=-1;i=bian[i].next)
        {
       //     printf("%d   66\n",i);
            if (fafe[bian[i].to])
            {
                qian.dian=bian[i].to;
                qian.chang=now.chang+bian[i].w;
                fafe[bian[i].to]=false;
                que.push(qian);
            }
        }
    }
    return lp;
}
int main()
{
    int n;
    while (~scanf("%d",&n))
    {
        int a,b;
        memset(bian,0,sizeof(bian));
        for (int i=1;i<=n;i++)
            head[i]=-1;
        for (int i=2;i<=n;i++)
        {
            scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
            bian[2*i-4].to=a;
            bian[i*2-4].w=b;
            bian[2*i-4].next=head[i];
            head[i]=2*i-4;
            bian[2*i-3].to=i;
            bian[i*2-3].w=b;
            bian[2*i-3].next=head[a];
            head[a]=2*i-3;
        }
        memset(length,0,sizeof(length));
        int kai=bfs(1,0);
        int jie=bfs(kai,1);
        bfs(jie,2);
        for (int i=1;i<=n;i++)
            printf("%d\n",max(length[i][0],length[i][1]));
    }
    return 0;
}