Java 的 Base64、消息摘要算法加密

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-10 17:59:08 发布

leifchen90

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-10 17:59:08 发布

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分类专栏：【Java】文章标签：加密 Base64 MD5 SHA算法 MAC算法

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/leifchen90/article/details/84635839

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Java 的 Base64、消息摘要算法加密

常用术语

明文：待加密信息
密文：经过加密后的明文
加密：明文转为密文的过程
加密算法：明文转为密文的转换算法
加密密钥：通过加密算法进行加密操作的密钥
解密：密文转为明文的过程
解密算法：密文转为明文的转换算法
解密密钥：通过解密算法进行解密操作的密钥
柯克霍夫原则：数据的安全基于密钥而不是算法的保密

密码分类

名称	别名	详细说明
对称密码	单钥密码或私钥密码	指加密密钥与解密密钥相同
非对称密码	双钥密码或公钥密码	指加密密钥与解密密钥不同，密钥分公钥、私钥

Base64 算法

明文：Hello LeifChen
Base64 密文：SGVsbG8gTGVpZkNoZW4=

1 JDK 实现 Base64

import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;

public class Base64Utils {
    public static String jdkBase64(String str) {
        return new BASE64Encoder().encode(str.getBytes());
    }
}

2 Commons Codec 实现 Base64

引入依赖

    implementation 'commons-codec:commons-codec:1.11'

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;

public class Base64Utils {
    public static String commonsCodecBase64(String str) {
        return new String(Base64.encodeBase64(str.getBytes()));
    }
}

3 Bouncy Castle 实现 Base64

引入依赖

    implementation 'org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15on:1.60'

import org.bouncycastle.util.encoders.Base64;

public class Base64Utils {
    public static String bouncyCastleBase64(String str) {
        return new String(Base64.encode(str.getBytes()));
    }
}

消息摘要算法

明文：Hello LeifChen
MD5 密文：7a0b5a39272461d7ddfb6bc26be03225
SHA-1 密文：3a0f53933e985d95fc72ab913f1aa267231ee7eb
SHA-224 密文：499d695fd99fc87f40a3b4c53dcc29627c86d5983345ec482b1ffc5b
HmacMD5 密文(key = “aa”)：e192f1b893eacc32247cdaeb9a5bbe9c

1 MD(Message Digest)

算法	摘要长度	实现方
MD2	128	JDK
MD4	128	Bouncy Castle
MD5	128	JDK

MD 应用

1.1 JDK 实现 MD5

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;

import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;

public class MessageDigestUtils {
    public static String jdkMD5(String str) {
        try {
            MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
            return Hex.encodeHexString(md.digest(str.getBytes()));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

1.2 Commons Codec 实现 MD5

import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils;

public class MessageDigestUtils {
    public static String commonsCodecMD5(String str) {
        return DigestUtils.md5Hex(str);
    }
}

1.3 Bouncy Castle 实现 MD5

import org.bouncycastle.crypto.Digest;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.digests.MD5Digest;
import org.bouncycastle.util.encoders.Hex;

public class MessageDigestUtils {
    public static String bouncyCastleMD5(String str) {
        Digest digest = new MD5Digest();
        digest.update(str.getBytes(), 0, str.getBytes().length);
        byte[] md5Bytes = new byte[digest.getDigestSize()];
        digest.doFinal(md5Bytes, 0);
        return Hex.toHexString(md5Bytes);
    }
}

2 SHA(Secure Hash Algorithm)

算法	摘要长度	实现方
SHA-1	160	JDK
SHA-224	224	Bouncy Castle
SHA-256	256	JDK
SHA-384	384	JDK
SHA-512	512	JDK

SHA 应用

2.1 JDK 实现 SHA-1

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;

import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;

public class MessageDigestUtils {
    public static String jdkSHA1(String str) {
        try {
            MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA");
            md.update(str.getBytes());
            return Hex.encodeHexString(md.digest());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

2.2 Commons Codec 实现 SHA-1

import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils;

public class MessageDigestUtils {
    public static String commonsCodecSHA1(String str) {
        return DigestUtils.sha1Hex(str);
    }
}

2.3 Bouncy Castle 实现 SHA-1

import org.bouncycastle.crypto.Digest;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.digests.SHA1Digest;
import org.bouncycastle.util.encoders.Hex;

public class MessageDigestUtils {
    public static String bouncyCastleSHA1(String str) {
        Digest digest = new SHA1Digest();
        digest.update(str.getBytes(), 0, str.getBytes().length);
        byte[] sha1Bytes = new byte[digest.getDigestSize()];
        digest.doFinal(sha1Bytes, 0);
        return Hex.toHexString(sha1Bytes);
    }
}

2.4 Bouncy Castle 实现 SHA-224

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;

import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.Security;

public class MessageDigestUtils {
    public static String bouncyCastleSHA224(String str) {
        Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());
        try {
            MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA224");
            md.update(str.getBytes());
            return Hex.encodeHexString(md.digest());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

3 MAC(Message Authentication Code)

算法	摘要长度	实现方
HmacMD2	128	Bouncy Castle
HmacMD4	128	Bouncy Castle
HmacMD5	128	JDK
HmacSHA1	160	JDK
HmacSHA224	224	Bouncy Castle
HmacSHA256	256	JDK
HmacSHA384	384	JDK
HmacSHA512	512	JDK

MAC 应用

3.1 JDK 实现 HmacMD5

import javax.crypto.Mac;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

public class MessageDigestUtils {
    static final String KEY = "aa";
    
    public static String jdkHmacMD5(String str) {
        try {
            byte[] key = KEY.getBytes();
            SecretKey restoreKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, "HmacMD5");
            Mac mac = Mac.getInstance(restoreKey.getAlgorithm());
            mac.init(restoreKey);
            byte[] hmacMD5Bytes = mac.doFinal(str.getBytes());
            return Hex.encodeHexString(hmacMD5Bytes);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

3.2 Common Codec 实现 HmacMD5

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;
import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.HmacAlgorithms;
import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.HmacUtils;

import javax.crypto.Mac;

public class MessageDigestUtils {
    static final String KEY = "aa";
    
    public static String commonsCodecHmacMD5(String str) {
        Mac mac = HmacUtils.getInitializedMac(HmacAlgorithms.HMAC_MD5, KEY.getBytes());
        return Hex.encodeHexString(mac.doFinal(str.getBytes()));
    }
}

3.3 Bouncy Castle 实现 HmacMD5

import org.bouncycastle.crypto.digests.MD5Digest;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.macs.HMac;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.params.KeyParameter;
import org.bouncycastle.util.encoders.Hex;

public class MessageDigestUtils {
    static final String KEY = "aa";

    public static String bouncyCastleHmacMD5(String str) {
        HMac hMac = new HMac(new MD5Digest());
        hMac.init(new KeyParameter(KEY.getBytes()));
        hMac.update(str.getBytes(), 0, str.getBytes().length);
        byte[] hmacMD5Bytes = new byte[hMac.getMacSize()];
        hMac.doFinal(hmacMD5Bytes, 0);
        return Hex.toHexString(hmacMD5Bytes);
    }
}