static变量初始化顺序
1.1 全局变量、文件域的static变量和类的static成员变量在main函数执行之前初始化
1.2 局部静态变量在第一次被使用时初始化
static变量的线程安全
2.1 非局部静态变量是线程安全的
2.2 局部静态变量在C++11后也是线程安全的
单例模式
分为懒汉式和饿汉式,在使用前全局对象已经创建的是饿汉式单例,在使用的时候创建的是懒汉式单例
01. 普通懒汉式单例,线程不安全
// 懒汉式单例模式,线程不安全
class SingleInstance {
public:
static SingleInstance *GetInstance() {
if (m_SingleInstance == nullptr)
m_SingleInstance = new SingleInstance;
return m_SingleInstance;
}
private:
SingleInstance();
~SingleInstance();
SingleInstance(const SingleInstance &signal) = delete;
SingleInstance &operator=(const SingleInstance &signal) = delete;
private:
static SingleInstance *m_SingleInstance;
};
SingleInstance *SingleInstance::m_SingleInstance = NULL;
02. 加锁的懒汉式单例,线程安全
//懒汉式单例,加锁,线程安全
class SingleInstance {
public:
static SingleInstance *GetInstance() {
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
if (m_SingleInstance == nullptr)
m_SingleInstance = new SingleInstance;
return m_SingleInstance;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
}
private:
SingleInstance();
~SingleInstance();
SingleInstance(const SingleInstance &signal) = delete;
SingleInstance &operator=(const SingleInstance &signal) = delete;
static SingleInstance *m_SingleInstance;
static pthread_mutex_t mutex;
};
SingleInstance *SingleInstance::m_SingleInstance = NULL;
03. 局部静态变量实现的懒汉式单例,C++11后线程安全(推荐使用的方式)
// 局部静态变量实现的懒汉式单例,C++11后线程安全
class SingleInstance {
public:
static SingleInstance *GetInstance() {
static SingleInstance instance;
return &instance;
}
private:
SingleInstance();
~SingleInstance();
SingleInstance(const SingleInstance &signal) = delete;
SingleInstance &operator=(const SingleInstance &signal) = delete;
};
04. 饿汉式单例,天生线程安全,因为在main函数前已经初始化
//饿汉式单例,天生线程安全
class SingleInstance {
public:
static SingleInstance *GetInstance() { return m_SingleInstance; }
private:
SingleInstance();
~SingleInstance();
SingleInstance(const SingleInstance &signal) = delete;
SingleInstance &operator=(const SingleInstance &signal) = delete;
private:
static SingleInstance *m_SingleInstance;
};
SingleInstance *SingleInstance::m_SingleInstance = new SingleInstance;