Makefile脚本例子

1. 

all: student.o main.o
	g++ student.o main.o -o bin
 
 
student.o: student.cpp student.h
	g++ -c student.cpp 
main.o: main.cpp student.h
	g++ -c main.cpp 
 
clean:
	rm -rf *.o

2.

CC = g++ 
TAG = bin_test

$(TAG):  main.o student.o
	$(CC) $^ -o  $(TAG)

main.o: main.cpp
	$(CC) -c main.cpp

student.o: student.h student.cpp
	$(CC) -c student.cpp

clean: 
	rm -rf *.o
	rm -rf $(TAG)	

3.编译指定目录的.h和.cpp文件（cpp文件引用.h文件也要指定目录：如：#include"../include/student.h"）；

CC = g++
OBJECTS = main.o student.o 
TAG = test_bin
	

$(TAG): $(OBJECTS)
	$(CC) $^  -o $(TAG) 

main.o:  ./project/main.cpp
	$(CC) -c ./project/main.cpp
	

student.o:  ./include/student.h ./project/student.cpp 
	$(CC) -c ./project/student.cpp 

clean:
	rm -rf $(OBJECTS)
	rm -rf $(TAG)
	

（4）在（3）的基础上修改，嵌入shell命令，把.o文件、可执行文件编译到指定目录。

CC = g++
OBJECTS = main.o student.o 
TAG = test_bin
	

$(TAG): $(OBJECTS)
	$(CC) ../build/main.o  ../build/student.o  -o $(TAG) 
	mv $(TAG) ../bin/

main.o:  ./project/main.cpp
	$(CC) -c ./project/main.cpp
	mv *.o ../build/
	

student.o:  ./include/student.h ./project/student.cpp 
	$(CC) -c ./project/student.cpp 
	mv *.o ../build/

clean:
	rm -rf ../bin/$(TAG)
	rm -rf ../build/*.o

(5)与（4）内容一样，区别是makefile 放到了，（4）的上级目录。这里遇到一个错（CURRENT_DIR = $(shell pwd)，语句后多了一个空格，报错一直没看出来，后来输出才发现@echo）

CC = g++
OBJECTS = main.o student.o 
TAG = test_bin
CURRENT_DIR = $(shell pwd)
BUILD_DIR = $(CURRENT_DIR)/build
BIN_DIR = $(CURRENT_DIR)/bin
INCLUDE_DIR = $(CURRENT_DIR)/src/include
PROJECT_DIR = $(CURRENT_DIR)/src/project

$(TAG): $(OBJECTS)
	$(CC) $(BUILD_DIR)/main.o  $(BUILD_DIR)/student.o  -o $(TAG) 
	mv $(TAG) $(BIN_DIR)

main.o:  $(PROJECT_DIR)/main.cpp
	$(CC) -c $(PROJECT_DIR)/main.cpp
	mv *.o $(BUILD_DIR)
	
student.o:  $(INCLUDE_DIR)/student.h $(PROJECT_DIR)/student.cpp 
	$(CC) -c $(PROJECT_DIR)/student.cpp 
	mv *.o  $(BUILD_DIR)

clean:
	rm -rf  $(BIN_DIR)/$(TAG)
	rm -rf $(BUILD_DIR)/*.o

show:
	 ls $(BIN_DIR)
	 ls $(BUILD_DIR)

（6） 在（5）的基础上完善，make clean 会删除目录。注意点：CHECK 作为依赖要放在前面，先建目录，否则 mv .o 时会出问题

CC = g++
OBJECTS = main.o student.o 
TAG = test_bin
CURRENT_DIR = $(shell pwd)
BUILD_DIR = $(CURRENT_DIR)/build
BIN_DIR = $(CURRENT_DIR)/bin
INCLUDE_DIR = $(CURRENT_DIR)/src/include
PROJECT_DIR = $(CURRENT_DIR)/src/project

$(TAG): CHECK $(OBJECTS) 
	$(CC) $(BUILD_DIR)/main.o  $(BUILD_DIR)/student.o  -o $(TAG) 
	mv $(TAG) $(BIN_DIR)

main.o:  $(PROJECT_DIR)/main.cpp
	$(CC) -c $(PROJECT_DIR)/main.cpp
	mv *.o $(BUILD_DIR)
	
student.o:  $(INCLUDE_DIR)/student.h $(PROJECT_DIR)/student.cpp 
	$(CC) -c $(PROJECT_DIR)/student.cpp 
	mv *.o  $(BUILD_DIR)

CHECK:
	mkdir -p $(BIN_DIR)  $(BUILD_DIR)

clean:
	rm -rf  $(BIN_DIR)
	rm -rf $(BUILD_DIR)

show:
	 ls $(BIN_DIR)
	 ls $(BUILD_DIR)

（7）技术点：a. shell脚本查找文件；b. makefile隐含规则（%.o:%.cpp）;c. OBJ:= $(SRC:%.cpp=%.o)

思考点：

%.o:%.cpp $(DEPS)
    $(CC) -c $< -o $@

这个语句中，@echo $(%.cpp)是空的，makefile 如何知道%.cpp的位置的？

CC = g++
TAR = test.bin
SRC:=$(shell find ./ -name "*.cpp")
DEPS:=$(shell find ./ -name "*.h")
 
OBJ:= $(SRC:%.cpp=%.o)


$(TAR):$(OBJ)
	$(CC)  $(OBJ) -o $(TAR)

%.o:%.cpp $(DEPS)
	$(CC) -c $< -o $@

clean:
	rm -rf $(TAR) $(OBJ)

(8) 在（7）的基础上简化%.o:%.cpp $(DEPS) 可以去掉依赖头文件的条件

CC = g++
TAR = test.bin
SRC:=$(shell find ./ -name "*.cpp")
OBJ:= $(SRC:%.cpp=%.o)

$(TAR):$(OBJ)
	$(CC)  $(OBJ) -o $(TAR)

%.o:%.cpp 
	$(CC) -c $< -o $@

clean:
	rm -rf $(TAR) $(OBJ)