【转】vector容器 作为参数时，有三种传参方式

 本程序转载自：

https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaoxi666/p/6843211.html

为了理解方便，注释中加入了自己的理解。

直接上程序：

// changed by Wang Lei
// 2019-4-16 21:07:03
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

void function1(std::vector<std::vector<int> > vec)
{
	cout << "-----------------------------------------" << endl;
	//打印vec的地址
	cout << "function1.&vec:" << &vec << endl;
	//打印vec[i]的地址（即第一层vector的地址）
	cout << "function1.&vec[i]:" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
		cout << &vec[i] << endl;
	//打印vec的各元素地址
	cout << "function1.&vec[i][j]:" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
			cout << &vec[i][j] << " ";
		cout << endl;
	}
	cout << "---------------------------" << endl;
	//打印vec的各元素值
	cout << "function1.vec[i][j]:" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
			cout << vec[i][j] << " ";
		cout << endl;
	}
}

//对于function2 中的引用传递&  在子函数中改变vec中某一位置的值，
//同样会引起主函数中  v  的对应位置的值变化。
void function2(std::vector<std::vector<int> >& vec)
{
	cout << "-----------------------------------------" << endl;
	//打印vec的地址
	cout << "function2.&vec:" << &vec << endl;
	//打印vec[i]的地址（即第一层vector的地址）
	cout << "function2.&vec[i]:" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
		cout << &vec[i] << endl;
	//打印vec的各元素地址
	cout << "function2.&vec[i][j]:" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
			cout << &vec[i][j] << " ";
		cout << endl;
	}
	cout << "---------------------------" << endl;
	//打印vec的各元素值
	cout << "function2.vec[i][j]:" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
			cout << vec[i][j] << " ";
		cout << endl;
	}

}
void function3(std::vector<std::vector<int> > *vec)
{
	cout << "-----------------------------------------" << endl;
	//打印vec的地址
	cout << "function3.&vec:" << vec << endl;
	//打印vec[i]的地址（即第一层vector的地址）
	cout << "function3.&vec[i]:" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
		cout << &(*vec)[i] << endl;		//这里肯定是先结合成   (*vec)[i]    再结合成&(*vec)[i]
	//打印vec的各元素地址
	cout << "function3.&vec[i][j]:" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
			cout << &(*vec)[i][j] << " ";
		cout << endl;
	}
	cout << "---------------------------" << endl;
	//打印vec的各元素值
	cout << "function3.vec[i][j]:" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
			cout << (*vec)[i][j] << " ";		//传递进来是个指针*。现在为了输出指针对应的数，用 *+指针 表示对应的值
		cout << endl;
	}
}

int main()
{

	//vector<int>a, b(n, 0)
	//vector<int>a的意思就是 创建了一个 int 类型的空的vector容器a。
	//vector<int>b(n, 0)  创建了一个 int 类型n个元素，且值均为0的vecotr容器b。
	//
	//std::vector<std::vector<int> > v(2, std::vector<int>(3, 0));意思是创建了两个int型的元素，
	//每一个均值都是 std::vector<int>(3, 0)，即 [0,0,0]的vector

	cout << "这是在主函数中"  << endl;
	//创建2*3的vector容器v,初始值均初始化为0 1 2 1 2 3
	std::vector<std::vector<int> > v(2, std::vector<int>(3, 0));
	for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
			v[i][j] = i + j;		//赋值程序
	}

	//打印v的地址
	cout << "&v:" << &v << endl;		//这是求取地址的意思
	//打印v[i]的地址（即第一层vector的地址）
	cout << "&v[i]:" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
		cout << &v[i] << endl;
	//打印v的各元素地址
	cout << "&v[i][j]:" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
			cout << &v[i][j] << " ";
		cout << endl;
	}

	cout << "---------------------------" << endl;
	//打印v的各元素值
	cout << "v[i][j]:" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
			cout << v[i][j] << " ";
		cout << endl;
	}

	function1(v);
	function2(v);
	function3(&v);

	cout << "---------------------------" << endl;
	//打印v的各元素值
	cout << "v[i][j]:" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
			cout << v[i][j] << " ";
			cout << endl;
	}





	cout << "输出c" << endl;
	std::vector<int>& c = v[0];
	c[1] = 10;
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
		cout << c[i] << " ";
	cout << endl;


	//改变c的值，v中对应位置处的值也变了
	for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
			cout << v[i][j] << " ";
		cout << endl;
	}

	system("pause");
	return 0;
}