一 基本概念
1.1 sf4j和logback log4j 之间的关系
笼统讲，sfl4j是关于日志的一系列接口，而log4j和我们通常使用的logback是已经具体实现的日志框架。
The Simple Logging Facade for Java (SLF4J) serves as a simple facade or abstraction for various logging frameworks, such as java.util.logging, logback and log4j. SLF4J allows the end-user to plug in the desired logging framework at deployment time. Note that SLF4J-enabling your library/application implies the addition of only a single mandatory dependency, namely slf4j-api-1.7.21.jar.
官方文档的这一段话已经明确描述了三者的关系。slf4j译为简单日志门面，是日志框架的抽象。而log4j和logback是众多日志框架中的几种。
这里写了几行简单的代码来验证一下。
public class Program {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Program.class);
logger.info("hello world");
}
}
从上图中可以看出sl4j没有给出具体的日志实现，具体开发过程当中需要绑定一个具体的日志框架，才能正常使用。
log4j和logback关系
而log4j和logback就是两个受欢迎的日志框架。但两者又有不同。
-
log4j是apache实现的一个开源日志组件。（Wrapped implementations），不是对slfj的原生实现，slf4j api在调用log4j时候需要使用一个适配器。
-
logback同样是由log4j的作者设计完成的，拥有更好的特性，用来取代log4j的一个日志框架。是slf4j的原生实现。（Native implementations），使用时候无需消耗额外的内存。
NATIVE IMPLEMENTATION There are also SLF4J bindings external to the SLF4J project, e.g. logback which implements SLF4J natively. Logback's ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger class is a direct implementation of SLF4J's org.slf4j.Logger interface. Thus, using SLF4J in conjunction with logback involves strictly zero memory and computational overhead.
二 为什么选择log4j的2.6.2版本，servlet选择2.5版本？
配置log4j的2.x版可以通过以下4中方式实现：
（1）通过xml格式、json格式、yaml格式或properties格式的配置文件的方式；
（2）通过编程，创建ConfigurationFactory和实现Configuration接口的方式；
（3）通过编程，调用Configuration接口现成的各类API来向默认配置方式添加其他部件的方式；
(4)通过编程，调用内部Logger类方法的方式。
log4j组件2.4以后的版才能够支持properties格式的配置文件，鉴于当前媒资旧系统中大量日志文件配置信息均采用log4j.properties，log4j2.properties与log4j.properties虽然细节上略有不同，但整体格式上一致。能够降低迁移带来的负担，故选用log4j的2.6.2版本。
servlet3.x版本后对log4j2能够提供稳定支持，但升级成本巨大，故选择servlet2.5版本，降低迁移负担。
详细参考链接：https://blog.csdn.net/frgod/article/details/52686730
三 具体的升级方式
移除项目parent下pom.xml关于日志的依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.16</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>javax.jms</groupId>
<artifactId>jms</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId>
<artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId>
<artifactId>jmxri</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>oro</groupId>
<artifactId>oro</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
添加依赖：
<!--log4j替换为log4j2 start-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.logging.log4j/log4j-web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-web</artifactId>
<version>2.6.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
<version>2.6.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
<version>2.6.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency> <!-- 桥接：告诉Slf4j使用Log4j2 -->
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-slf4j-impl</artifactId>
<version>2.6.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency> <!-- 桥接：告诉commons logging使用Log4j2 -->
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-jcl</artifactId>
<version>2.6.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.10</version>
</dependency>
<!--log4j替换为log4j2 end-->
在resource根目录下新增log4j2.properties,具体内容如下(根据自己的实际配置需要稍加改动即可)：
status = warn
name = MyApp
#指定输出源‘类型’为控制台
appender.console.type = Console
appender.console.name = consoleLogDemo
appender.console.filter.threshold.type = ThresholdFilter
appender.console.filter.threshold.level = debug
appender.console.layout.type = PatternLayout
appender.console.layout.pattern = [%-5p] [%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] [%C{1}:%M:%L] %m%n
appender.console.target = System_out
appender.rolling.type = RollingFile
appender.rolling.name = fileLogDemo
appender.rolling.filter.threshold.type = ThresholdFilter
appender.rolling.filter.threshold.level = info
appender.rolling.layout.type = PatternLayout
appender.rolling.layout.pattern = [%-5p] [%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] [%C{1}:%M:%L] %m%n
appender.rolling.append = true
appender.rolling.fileName =/data/logs/workflow/web.log
appender.rolling.filePattern=/data/logs/wokflow/web.log.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}
appender.rolling.policies.type = Policies
appender.rolling.policies.time.type = TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy
appender.rolling.policies.time.interval = 2
appender.rolling.policies.time.modulate = true
appender.rolling.policies.size.type = SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy
appender.rolling.policies.size.size=100MB
appender.rolling.strategy.type = DefaultRolloverStrategy
appender.rolling.strategy.max = 5
logger.rolling.name = com.iqiyi
logger.rolling.level = info
logger.rolling.additivity = false
logger.rolling.appenderRef.rolling.ref = fileLogDemo
#指明根级日志的级别
rootLogger.level = info
#指定哪些appender输出源是根级日志的输出级别
rootLogger.appenderRef.consolelogdemo.ref = consoleLogDemo
rootLogger.appenderRef.filelogdemo.ref = fileLogDemo
加入测试类，并运行。如在项目磁盘目录下正常输出日志内容则说明log4j2添加成功：
public class TestLogger {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestLogger.class);
public static void main(String[] args) {
int number=10;
log.info("AAAAAAAAAAInfo : number is " + number);
log.warn("AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAWarning : number is " + number);
log.debug("AAAAAAAAADebug : number is " + number);
log.error("AAAAAAAAAAAError : number is " + number);
}
}
如该项目为web项目，则仍需进行以下操作：
(1)log4j2不支持servlet2.4版以下版本，故将servlet升级为2.5版本
<javax.servlet.servlet-api.version>2.5</javax.servlet.servlet-api.version>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>${javax.servlet.servlet-api.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
(2)在 xxx-web-core目录下的pom.xml中加入依赖：
<!-- 加入日志依赖开始-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency> <!-- 桥接：告诉Slf4j使用Log4j2 -->
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-slf4j-impl</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency> <!-- 桥接：告诉commons logging使用Log4j2 -->
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-jcl</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.logging.log4j/log4j-web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 加入日志依赖结束-->
(3)替换web.xml的头信息，将其由2.4版本替换为2.5，并加入下列配置信息
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
version="2.5">
<!--日志升级开始-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.apache.logging.log4j.web.Log4jServletContextListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<filter>
<filter-name>log4jServletFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.logging.log4j.web.Log4jServletFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>log4jServletFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
<dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
<dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
<dispatcher>INCLUDE</dispatcher>
<dispatcher>ERROR</dispatcher>
</filter-mapping>
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jContextName</param-name>
<param-value>myApplication</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jConfiguration</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:log4j2.properties</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--日志升级结束-->
在web.xml中移除旧的log4j.property的配置
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:log4j.properties</param-value>
</context-param>
删除原有项目中，旧的对log4j有依赖的工具包
(1)TimeLogEvent.java
(2)SystemWarnEmailAppender.java
(3)Loger4JHTMLLayOut.java
四 参考链接
log4j2 在servlet2.5 下配置web.xml
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