Android启动过程分析

一、Android Init.c执行流程

Android中的内核启动后，kernel会启动第一个用户级别的进程：init，它是一个由内核启动的用户级进程。内核自行启动（已经被载入内存，开始运行，并已初始化所有的设备驱动程序和数据结构等）之后，就通过启动一个用户级程序init的方式，完成引导进程。init始终是第一个进程。
init进程对应的代码在android源码目录中的：system/core/init/init.c中。
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int fd_count = 0;
    struct pollfd ufds[4];
    char *tmpdev;
    char* debuggable;
    char tmp[32];
    int property_set_fd_init = 0;
    int signal_fd_init = 0;
    int keychord_fd_init = 0;
    bool is_charger = false;

    if (!strcmp(basename(argv[0]), "ueventd"))
        return ueventd_main(argc, argv);

    if (!strcmp(basename(argv[0]), "watchdogd"))
        return watchdogd_main(argc, argv);

    /* clear the umask */
    umask(0);

        /* Get the basic filesystem setup we need put
         * together in the initramdisk on / and then we'll
         * let the rc file figure out the rest.
         */
    mkdir("/dev", 0755);
    mkdir("/proc", 0755);
    mkdir("/sys", 0755);

    mount("tmpfs", "/dev", "tmpfs", MS_NOSUID, "mode=0755");
    mkdir("/dev/pts", 0755);
    mkdir("/dev/socket", 0755);
    mount("devpts", "/dev/pts", "devpts", 0, NULL);
    mount("proc", "/proc", "proc", 0, NULL);
    mount("sysfs", "/sys", "sysfs", 0, NULL);

        /* indicate that booting is in progress to background fw loaders, etc */
    close(open("/dev/.booting", O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0000));

        /* We must have some place other than / to create the
         * device nodes for kmsg and null, otherwise we won't
         * be able to remount / read-only later on.
         * Now that tmpfs is mounted on /dev, we can actually
         * talk to the outside world.
         */
    open_devnull_stdio();
    klog_init();
    property_init();
    get_hardware_name(hardware, &revision);
    process_kernel_cmdline();
    export_nct_nodes();

    union selinux_callback cb;
    cb.func_log = klog_write;
    selinux_set_callback(SELINUX_CB_LOG, cb);

    cb.func_audit = audit_callback;
    selinux_set_callback(SELINUX_CB_AUDIT, cb);
    selinux_initialize();
    /* These directories were necessarily created before initial policy load
     * and therefore need their security context restored to the proper value.
     * This must happen before /dev is populated by ueventd.
     */
    if (selinux_is_disabled() == false) {
        restorecon("/dev");
        restorecon("/dev/socket");
        restorecon("/dev/__properties__");
        restorecon_recursive("/sys");
    }

    is_charger = !strcmp(bootmode, "charger");

    INFO("property init\n");
    if (!is_charger)
        property_load_boot_defaults();

    INFO("reading config file\n");

//解析Init.rc文件

    init_parse_config_file("/init.rc");

    action_for_each_trigger("early-init", action_add_queue_tail);

    queue_builtin_action(wait_for_coldboot_done_action, "wait_for_coldboot_done");
    queue_builtin_action(mix_hwrng_into_linux_rng_action, "mix_hwrng_into_linux_rng");
    queue_builtin_action(keychord_init_action, "keychord_init");
    queue_builtin_action(console_init_action, "console_init");

    /* execute all the boot actions to get us started */
    action_for_each_trigger("init", action_add_queue_tail);

    /* skip mounting filesystems in charger mode */
    if (!is_charger) {
        action_for_each_trigger("early-fs", action_add_queue_tail);
        action_for_each_trigger("fs", action_add_queue_tail);
        action_for_each_trigger("post-fs", action_add_queue_tail);
        action_for_each_trigger("post-fs-data", action_add_queue_tail);
    }

    /* Repeat mix_hwrng_into_linux_rng in case /dev/hw_random or /dev/random
     * wasn't ready immediately after wait_for_coldboot_done
     */
    queue_builtin_action(mix_hwrng_into_linux_rng_action, "mix_hwrng_into_linux_rng");

    queue_builtin_action(property_service_init_action, "property_service_init");
    queue_builtin_action(signal_init_action, "signal_init");
    queue_builtin_action(check_startup_action, "check_startup");

    if (is_charger) {
        action_for_each_trigger("charger", action_add_queue_tail);
    } else {
        action_for_each_trigger("early-boot", action_add_queue_tail);
        action_for_each_trigger("boot", action_add_queue_tail);
    }

        /* run all property triggers based on current state of the properties */
    queue_builtin_action(queue_property_triggers_action, "queue_property_triggers");

#if BOOTCHART
    queue_builtin_action(bootchart_init_action, "bootchart_init");
#endif

    for(;;) {
        int nr, i, timeout = -1;

        execute_one_command();
        restart_processes();

        if (!property_set_fd_init && get_property_set_fd() > 0) {
            ufds[fd_count].fd = get_property_set_fd();
            ufds[fd_count].events = POLLIN;
            ufds[fd_count].revents = 0;
            fd_count++;
            property_set_fd_init = 1;
        }
        if (!signal_fd_init && get_signal_fd() > 0) {
            ufds[fd_count].fd = get_signal_fd();
            ufds[fd_count].events = POLLIN;
            ufds[fd_count].revents = 0;
            fd_count++;
            signal_fd_init = 1;
        }
        if (!keychord_fd_init && get_keychord_fd() > 0) {
            ufds[fd_count].fd = get_keychord_fd();
            ufds[fd_count].events = POLLIN;
            ufds[fd_count].revents = 0;
            fd_count++;
            keychord_fd_init = 1;
        }

        if (process_needs_restart) {
            timeout = (process_needs_restart - gettime()) * 1000;
            if (timeout < 0)
                timeout = 0;
        }

        if (!action_queue_empty() || cur_action)
            timeout = 0;

#if BOOTCHART
        if (bootchart_count > 0) {
            if (timeout < 0 || timeout > BOOTCHART_POLLING_MS)
                timeout = BOOTCHART_POLLING_MS;
            if (bootchart_step() < 0 || --bootchart_count == 0) {
                bootchart_finish();
                bootchart_count = 0;
            }
        }
#endif

        nr = poll(ufds, fd_count, timeout);
        if (nr <= 0)
            continue;

        for (i = 0; i < fd_count; i++) {
            if (ufds[i].revents == POLLIN) {
                if (ufds[i].fd == get_property_set_fd())
                    handle_property_set_fd();
                else if (ufds[i].fd == get_keychord_fd())
                    handle_keychord();
                else if (ufds[i].fd == get_signal_fd())
                    handle_signal();
            }
        }

    }

通过解析init.rc文件中的服务，依次启动子进程。

待续。。。。。