第一个Protobufbuf例子

<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">1 创建一个addressbook.proto 的文件，写入如下内容</span>

package tutorial;
message Person {
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>required string name = 1;
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>Protocol Buffer Basics: C++
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>required int32 id = 2;
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>optional string email = 3;
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>enum PhoneType {
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>MOBILE = 0;
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>HOME = 1;
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>WORK = 2;
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>message PhoneNumber {
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>required string number = 1;
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>optional PhoneType type = 2 [default = HOME];
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>repeated PhoneNumber phone = 4;
}
message AddressBook {
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>repeated Person person = 1;
}

2使用protoc命令将addressbook.proto文件翻译成c++代码

protobuf的主要功能就是实现数据到类的转化，通过类来操作数据。

protoc --cpp_out=/home/feixiang/C++ addressbook.proto

其中/home/feixiang/C++ 是输出路径 cpp_out是输出文件类型，成功后会生成addressbook.pb.h , addressbook.pb.cc,通过这两个类可以实现对数据的读写，以及序列化，反序列化

3创建一个write.cpp用于写数据

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include "addressbook.pb.h"
using namespace std;
// This function fills in a Person message based on user input.
void PromptForAddress(tutorial::Person* person) {
	cout << "Enter person ID number: " ;
	int id;
	cin >> id;
	person->set_id(id);
	cin.ignore(256, '\n');
	cout << "Enter name: ";
	getline(cin, *person->mutable_name());
	cout << "Enter email address (blank for none): " ;
	string email;
	getline(cin, email);
	if (!email.empty()) {
		person->set_email(email);
	}
	while (true) {
	cout << "Enter a phone number (or leave blank to finish): " ;
	string number;
	getline(cin, number);
	if (number.empty()) {
		break;
	}
	tutorial::Person::PhoneNumber* phone_number = person->add_phone();
	phone_number ->set_number(number);
	cout << "Is this a mobile, home, or work phone? " ;
	string type;
	getline(cin, type);
	if (type == "mobile") {
		phone_number->set_type(tutorial::Person::MOBILE);
	} else if (type == "home") {
		phone_number->set_type(tutorial::Person::HOME);
	} else if (type == "work") {
		phone_number->set_type(tutorial::Person::WORK);
	} else {
	cout << "Unknown phone type. Using default." << endl;
	}
	}
}
// Main function: Reads the entire address book from a file,
// adds one person based on user input, then writes it back out to the same
// file.
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
// Verify that the version of the library that we linked against is
// compatible with the version of the headers we compiled against.
	GOOGLE_PROTOBUF_VERIFY_VERSION ;
	if (argc != 2) {
	cerr << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " ADDRESS_BOOK_FILE" << endl;
	return -1;
	}
	tutorial::AddressBook address_book ;
	
	{
	// Read the existing address book.
		fstream input(argv[1], ios::in | ios::binary);
	if (!input) {
		cout << argv[1] << ": File not found. Creating a new file." << endl;
	} else if (!address_book.ParseFromIstream(&input)) {
		cerr << "Failed to parse address book." << endl;
		return -1;
	}
	}
	// Add an address.
	PromptForAddress(address_book.add_person());
	{
	// Write the new address book back to disk.
		fstream output(argv[1], ios::out | ios::trunc | ios::binary);
		if (!address_book.SerializeToOstream(&output)) {
		cerr << "Failed to write address book." << endl;
		return -1;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

4创建一个read.cpp用户读取数据

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include "addressbook.pb.h"
using namespace std;
// Iterates though all people in the AddressBook and prints info about them.
void ListPeople(const tutorial::AddressBook& address_book) {
for (int i = 0; i < address_book.person_size(); i++) {
const tutorial::Person& person = address_book.person(i);
cout << "Person ID: " << person.id() << endl;
cout << " Name: " << person.name() << endl;
if (person.has_email()) {
cout << " E-mail address: " << person.email() << endl;
}
for (int j = 0; j < person.phone_size(); j++) {
const tutorial::Person::PhoneNumber& phone_number = person.phone(j);
switch (phone_number.type()) {
case tutorial::Person::MOBILE:
cout << " Mobile phone #: " ;
break;
case tutorial::Person::HOME:
cout << " Home phone #: ";
break;
case tutorial::Person::WORK:
cout << " Work phone #: ";
break;
}
cout << phone_number.number() << endl;
}
}
}
// Main function: Reads the entire address book from a file and prints all
// the information inside.
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
// Verify that the version of the library that we linked against is
// compatible with the version of the headers we compiled against.
GOOGLE_PROTOBUF_VERIFY_VERSION ;
if (argc != 2) {
cerr << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " ADDRESS_BOOK_FILE" << endl;
return -1;
}
tutorial::AddressBook address_book ;
{
// Read the existing address book.
fstream input(argv[1], ios::in | ios::binary);
if (!address_book.ParseFromIstream(&input)) {
cerr << "Failed to parse address book." << endl;
return -1;
}
}
ListPeople(address_book);
return 0;
}

5编译文件

g++ addressbook.pb.cc write.cpp -o write   -l:libprotobuf.so -lpthread

g++ addressbook.pb.cc read.cpp -o read   -l:libprotobuf.so -lpthread

在编译过程中，已经要加上-l：libprotobuf.so动态链接库，如果编译结果显示 addressbook.pb.cc中的某些函数找不到，就是没有添加动态链接库导致的

6运行write写入数据，运行read经数据读出