IPC函数总结

POSIX共享内存

int shm_open(const char* name, int oflag, mode_t mode);创建或打开一个共享内存区对象。
int ftruncate(int fd, off_t length);修改共享内存区对象的大小。
int fstat(int fd, struct stat* buf);获取共享内存区对象的信息。
void* mmap(void* addr, size_t len, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset);将文件或共享内存区对象映射到进程地址空间的某个文件
int munmap(void* addr, size_t len);

System V共享内存
key_t ftok(const char* pathname, int id);
int shmget(key_t key, size_t size, int oflag);创建或打开一个共享内存区。
void* shmat(int shmid, const void* shmaddr, int flag);把共享内存中附接到调用进程的地址空间,返回为共享内存区在进程内的起始地址。
int shmdt(const void* shmaddr);断接内存区
int shmctl(int shmid, int cmd, struct shmid_ds* buf);三个操作： IPC_RMID, IPC_SET, IPC_STAT

有名信号量：
sem_t* sem_open(const char* name, int oflag, mode_t mode, unsigned int value)
int sem_wait(sem_t* sem)
int sem_trywait(sem_t* sem)
sem_post(sem_t* sem)
int sem_getvalue(sem_t* sem, int* valp)
int sem_close(sem_t* sem)
int sem_unlink(const char* name)
基于内存的信号量：
int sem_init(sem_t* sem, int shared, unsigned int value);shared为非零时信号量必须放在共享内存中。
sem_wait()
sem_trywait()
sem_post()
sem_getvalue()
sem_close()
int sem_destroy(semt_t* sem)

 

读写锁：

int pthread_rwlock_rdlock(pthread_rwlock_t* rwptr);

int pthread_rwlock_wrlock(pthread_rwlock_t* rwptr);

int pthread_rwlock_unlock(pthread_rwlock_t* rwptr);

int pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock(pthread_rwlock_t* rwptr);

int pthread_rwlock_trywrlock(pthread_rwlock_t* rwptr);

int pthread_rwlock_init(pthread_rwlock_t* rwptr, const pthread_rwlockattr_t* attr);

int pthread_rwlock_destroy(pthread_rwlock_t* rwptr);

int pthread_rwlockattr_init(pthread_rwlockattr_t* attr);

int pthread_rwlockattr_destroy(pthread_rwlockattr_t* attr);

int pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared(const pthread_rwlockattr_t* attr, int* valptr);

int pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared(pthread_attr_t* attr, int value);

消息队列

mqd_t mq_open(const char* name, int oflag, mode_t mode, struct mq_attr* attr);

int mq_close(mqd_t mqdes);

int mq_unlink(const char* name);

int mq_getattr(mqd_t mqdes, struct mq_attr* attr);

int mq_setattr(mqd_t mqdes, const struct mq_attr* attr, struct mq_attr* oattr);每个消息队列有4个属性

int mq_send(mqd_t mqdes, const char* ptr, size_t len, unsigned int prio);

sszie_t mq_receive(mqd_t mqdes, char* ptr, size_t len, unsigned int* priop);

int mq_notify(mqd_t mqdes, const struct sigevent* notification); 为指定队列建立异步事件通知