作用：Java 中加载类和查找资源的路径
jdk8
http://hg.openjdk.java.net/jdk8u/jdk8u/jdk/file/8477fd88653c/src/share/classes/sun/misc/URLClassPath.java
jdk9
http://hg.openjdk.java.net/jdk9/jdk9/jdk/file/9b93380c8445/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/loader/URLClassPath.java
jdk10
http://hg.openjdk.java.net/jdk/jdk10/file/b09e56145e11/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/loader/URLClassPath.java
jdk11
http://hg.openjdk.java.net/jdk/jdk11/file/1ddf9a99e4ad/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/loader/URLClassPath.java
jdk12
https://hg.openjdk.java.net/jdk/jdk12/file/06222165c35f/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/loader/URLClassPath.java
jdk13
http://hg.openjdk.java.net/jdk/jdk13/file/0368f3a073a9/src/java.base/share/classes/jdk/internal/loader/URLClassPath.java
本文针对 jdk8
属性
// 保存所有的查找路径
private ArrayList<URL> path = new ArrayList<>();
Stack<URL> urls = new Stack<>();
// 初始为空，根据 urls 生成 loaders
ArrayList<Loader> loaders = new ArrayList<>();
// 判断路径和 jar 包是否有相应的 Loader，没有才会放入 loaders 和 lmap
HashMap<String, Loader> lmap = new HashMap<>();
构造方法
/**
* 根据给定的 URL 创建 URLClassPath
* 使用给定的 URL 顺序查找 Resource 和 jar
* 如果 URL 以 '/' 结尾则被认定为路径，否则被认定为 jar 文件
*/
public URLClassPath(URL[] urls, URLStreamHandlerFactory factory, AccessControlContext acc) {
for (int i = 0; i < urls.length; i++) {
path.add(urls[i]);
}
push(urls);
if (factory != null) {
jarHandler = factory.createURLStreamHandler("jar");
}
if (DISABLE_ACC_CHECKING) {
this.acc = null;
} else {
this.acc = acc;
}
}
public URLClassPath(URL[] urls) { this(urls, null, null); }
public URLClassPath(URL[] urls, AccessControlContext acc) { this(urls, null, acc); }
URLClassPath 在哪里被使用到
public URLClassLoader(URL[] urls, ClassLoader parent, URLStreamHandlerFactory factory) {
super(parent);
// this is to make the stack depth consistent with 1.1
SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
if (security != null) {
security.checkCreateClassLoader();
}
acc = AccessController.getContext();
ucp = new URLClassPath(urls, factory, acc);
}
public URLClassLoader(URL[] urls, ClassLoader parent) {
super(parent);
// this is to make the stack depth consistent with 1.1
SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
if (security != null) {
security.checkCreateClassLoader();
}
this.acc = AccessController.getContext();
ucp = new URLClassPath(urls, acc);
}
URLClassLoader(URL[] urls, ClassLoader parent, AccessControlContext acc) {
super(parent);
// this is to make the stack depth consistent with 1.1
SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
if (security != null) {
security.checkCreateClassLoader();
}
this.acc = acc;
ucp = new URLClassPath(urls, acc);
}
public URLClassLoader(URL[] urls) {
super();
// this is to make the stack depth consistent with 1.1
SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
if (security != null) {
security.checkCreateClassLoader();
}
this.acc = AccessController.getContext();
ucp = new URLClassPath(urls, acc);
}
URLClassLoader(URL[] urls, AccessControlContext acc) {
super();
// this is to make the stack depth consistent with 1.1
SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
if (security != null) {
security.checkCreateClassLoader();
}
this.acc = acc;
ucp = new URLClassPath(urls, acc);
}
jdk1.8中 AppClassLoader 和 ExtClassLoader 都继承于 URLClassLoader，生成 UrlClassPath 的时候：
AppClassLoader 传入"java.class.path"对应的路径
ExtClassLoader 传入"java.ext.dirs" 对应的路径
// 儿子找爹可以通过 *.class.getClassLoader()实现，爹找儿子属于 JVM 实现层级上的东西，随时可能在版本迭代中被删除。
private static native int[] getLookupCacheForClassLoader(ClassLoader loader, String name);
private synchronized int[] getLookupCache(String name) {
if (lookupCacheURLs == null || !lookupCacheEnabled) {
return null;
}
int[] cache = getLookupCacheForClassLoader(lookupCacheLoader, name);
if (cache != null && cache.length > 0) {
int maxindex = cache[cache.length - 1]; // cache[] is strictly ascending.
if (!ensureLoaderOpened(maxindex)) {
if (DEBUG_LOOKUP_CACHE) {
System.out.println("Expanded loaders FAILED " + loaders.size() + " for maxindex=" + maxindex);
}
return null;
}
}
return cache;
}
public Resource getResource(String name, boolean check) {
if (DEBUG) {
System.err.println("URLClassPath.getResource(\"" + name + "\")");
}
Loader loader;
int[] cache = getLookupCache(name);
for (int i = 0; (loader = getNextLoader(cache, i)) != null; i++) {
Resource res = loader.getResource(name, check);
if (res != null) {
return res;
}
}
return null;
}
private synchronized Loader getNextLoader(int[] cache, int index) {
if (closed) {
return null;
}
if (cache != null) {
if (index < cache.length) {
Loader loader = loaders.get(cache[index]);
if (DEBUG_LOOKUP_CACHE) {
System.out.println("HASCACHE: Loading from : " + cache[index] + " = " + loader.getBaseURL());
}
return loader;
} else {
return null; // finished iterating over cache[]
}
} else {
return getLoader(index);
}
}
private synchronized Loader getLoader(int index) {
if (closed) {
return null;
}
// Expand URL search path until the request can be satisfied or the URL stack is empty.
while (loaders.size() < index + 1) {
// Pop the next URL from the URL stack
URL url;
synchronized (urls) {
if (urls.empty()) {
return null;
} else {
url = urls.pop();
}
}
// Skip this URL if it already has a Loader. (Loader may be null in the case where URL has not been opened but is referenced by a JAR index.)
String urlNoFragString = URLUtil.urlNoFragString(url);
if (lmap.containsKey(urlNoFragString)) {
continue;
}
// Otherwise, create a new Loader for the URL.
Loader loader;
try {
loader = getLoader(url);
// If the loader defines a local class path then add the URLs to the list of URLs to be opened.
URL[] urls = loader.getClassPath();
if (urls != null) {
push(urls);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// Silently ignore for now...
continue;
} catch (SecurityException se) {
// Always silently ignore. The context, if there is one, that this URLClassPath was given during construction will never have permission to access the URL.
if (DEBUG) {
System.err.println("Failed to access " + url + ", " + se);
}
continue;
}
// Finally, add the Loader to the search path.
validateLookupCache(loaders.size(), urlNoFragString);
loaders.add(loader);
lmap.put(urlNoFragString, loader);
}
if (DEBUG_LOOKUP_CACHE) {
System.out.println("NOCACHE: Loading from : " + index);
}
return loaders.get(index);
}
// 根据 url 生成 Loader
private Loader getLoader(final URL url) throws IOException {
try {
return java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
new java.security.PrivilegedExceptionAction<Loader>() {
@Override
public Loader run() throws IOException {
String file = url.getFile();
if (file != null && file.endsWith("/")) {
if ("file".equals(url.getProtocol())) {
return new FileLoader(url);
} else {
return new Loader(url);
}
} else {
return new JarLoader(url, jarHandler, lmap, acc);
}
}
}, acc);
} catch (java.security.PrivilegedActionException pae) {
throw (IOException) pae.getException();
}
}
// 新添加进去的导致查找缓存失效
private synchronized void validateLookupCache(int index, String urlNoFragString) {
if (lookupCacheURLs != null && lookupCacheEnabled) {
if (index < lookupCacheURLs.length && urlNoFragString.equals(URLUtil.urlNoFragString(lookupCacheURLs[index]))) {
return;
}
if (DEBUG || DEBUG_LOOKUP_CACHE) {
System.out.println("WARNING: resource lookup cache invalidated " + "for lookupCacheLoader at " + index);
}
disableAllLookupCaches(); // lookupCacheEnabled = false;
}
}
// 操作 urls 的几个方法
// getLoader(int index) 中
// 增加查找路径
public synchronized void addURL(URL url) {
if (closed) {
return;
}
synchronized (urls) {
if (url == null || path.contains(url)) {
return;
}
// 在 Stack 的头部添加元素
urls.add(0, url);
path.add(url);
if (lookupCacheURLs != null) {
// 查找缓存是静态的("java.class.path"、"java.ext.dirs")，动态添加的查找缓存导致其不可使用
disableAllLookupCaches();
}
}
}
// java.net.URLClassLoader
private final URLClassPath ucp;
// java.net.URLClassLoader#addURL
protected void addURL(URL url) {
ucp.addURL(url);
}
getLookupCache 查找缓存是为了提高查找速度，作用如下：
如果 lookupCacheURLs包 含{a.jar，b.jar，c.jar，d.jar}，并且包“ foo”仅存在于a.jar和c.jar中，则getLookupCache（“ foo / Bar.class”）将返回 {0，2}。
作用和 sun.misc.MetaIndex 差不多
关于：VM.getSavedProperty(“sun.cds.enableSharedLookupCache”)
sun.cds.enableSharedLookupCache 是 JVM 实现层面的参数。
URLClassPath 查找缓存相关的代码在 jdk9 中已经被删除
http://openjdk.5641.n7.nabble.com/RFR-M-8061651-Interface-to-the-Lookup-Index-Cache-to-improve-URLClassPath-search-time-td204636.html
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